New URL for NEMO forge! http://forge.nemo-ocean.eu

Since March 2022 along with NEMO 4.2 release, the code development moved to a self-hosted GitLab.
This present forge is now archived and remained online for history.

sbcblk.F90 in branches/2016/dev_merge_2016/NEMOGCM/NEMO/OPA_SRC/SBC – NEMO

Context Navigation

source: branches/2016/dev_merge_2016/NEMOGCM/NEMO/OPA_SRC/SBC/sbcblk.F90 @ 7421

Last change on this file since 7421 was 7421, checked in by flavoni, 8 years ago
#1811 merge dev_CNRS_MERATOR_2016 with dev_merge_2016 branch
File size: 56.3 KB

Line
1	MODULE sbcblk
2	!!======================================================================
3	!! * MODULE sbcblk *
4	!! Ocean forcing: momentum, heat and freshwater flux formulation
5	!! Aerodynamic Bulk Formulas
6	!! SUCCESSOR OF "sbcblk_core"
7	!!=====================================================================
8	!! History : 1.0 ! 2004-08 (U. Schweckendiek) Original CORE code
9	!! 2.0 ! 2005-04 (L. Brodeau, A.M. Treguier) improved CORE bulk and its user interface
10	!! 3.0 ! 2006-06 (G. Madec) sbc rewritting
11	!! - ! 2006-12 (L. Brodeau) Original code for turb_core
12	!! 3.2 ! 2009-04 (B. Lemaire) Introduce iom_put
13	!! 3.3 ! 2010-10 (S. Masson) add diurnal cycle
14	!! 3.4 ! 2011-11 (C. Harris) Fill arrays required by CICE
15	!! 3.7 ! 2014-06 (L. Brodeau) simplification and optimization of CORE bulk
16	!! 4.0 ! 2016-06 (L. Brodeau) sbcblk_core becomes sbcblk and is not restricted to the CORE algorithm anymore
17	!! ==> based on AeroBulk (http://aerobulk.sourceforge.net/)
18	!! 4.0 ! 2016-10 (G. Madec) introduce a sbc_blk_init routine
19	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
20
21	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
22	!! sbc_blk_init : initialisation of the chosen bulk formulation as ocean surface boundary condition
23	!! sbc_blk : bulk formulation as ocean surface boundary condition
24	!! blk_oce : computes momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes over ocean
25	!! blk_ice : computes momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes over sea ice
26	!! rho_air : density of (moist) air (depends on T_air, q_air and SLP
27	!! cp_air : specific heat of (moist) air (depends spec. hum. q_air)
28	!! q_sat : saturation humidity as a function of SLP and temperature
29	!! L_vap : latent heat of vaporization of water as a function of temperature
30	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
31	USE oce ! ocean dynamics and tracers
32	USE dom_oce ! ocean space and time domain
33	USE phycst ! physical constants
34	USE fldread ! read input fields
35	USE sbc_oce ! Surface boundary condition: ocean fields
36	USE cyclone ! Cyclone 10m wind form trac of cyclone centres
37	USE sbcdcy ! surface boundary condition: diurnal cycle
38	USE sbcwave , ONLY : cdn_wave ! wave module
39	USE sbc_ice ! Surface boundary condition: ice fields
40	USE lib_fortran ! to use key_nosignedzero
41	#if defined key_lim3
42	USE ice , ONLY : u_ice, v_ice, jpl, pfrld, a_i_b, at_i_b
43	USE limthd_dh ! for CALL lim_thd_snwblow
44	#elif defined key_lim2
45	USE ice_2 , ONLY : u_ice, v_ice
46	USE par_ice_2 ! LIM-2 parameters
47	#endif
48	USE sbcblk_algo_ncar ! => turb_ncar : NCAR - CORE (Large & Yeager, 2009)
49	USE sbcblk_algo_coare ! => turb_coare : COAREv3.0 (Fairall et al. 2003)
50	USE sbcblk_algo_coare3p5 ! => turb_coare3p5 : COAREv3.5 (Edson et al. 2013)
51	USE sbcblk_algo_ecmwf ! => turb_ecmwf : ECMWF (IFS cycle 31)
52	!
53	USE iom ! I/O manager library
54	USE in_out_manager ! I/O manager
55	USE lib_mpp ! distribued memory computing library
56	USE wrk_nemo ! work arrays
57	USE timing ! Timing
58	USE lbclnk ! ocean lateral boundary conditions (or mpp link)
59	USE prtctl ! Print control
60
61	IMPLICIT NONE
62	PRIVATE
63
64	PUBLIC sbc_blk_init ! called in sbcmod
65	PUBLIC sbc_blk ! called in sbcmod
66	#if defined key_lim2 \|\| defined key_lim3
67	PUBLIC blk_ice_tau ! routine called in sbc_ice_lim module
68	PUBLIC blk_ice_flx ! routine called in sbc_ice_lim module
69	#endif
70
71	!!Lolo: should ultimately be moved in the module with all physical constants ?
72	!!gm : In principle, yes.
73	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Cp_dry = 1005.0 !: Specic heat of dry air, constant pressure [J/K/kg]
74	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Cp_vap = 1860.0 !: Specic heat of water vapor, constant pressure [J/K/kg]
75	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: R_dry = 287.05_wp !: Specific gas constant for dry air [J/K/kg]
76	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: R_vap = 461.495_wp !: Specific gas constant for water vapor [J/K/kg]
77	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: reps0 = R_dry/R_vap !: ratio of gas constant for dry air and water vapor => ~ 0.622
78	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: rctv0 = R_vap/R_dry !: for virtual temperature (== (1-eps)/eps) => ~ 0.608
79
80	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jpfld =10 ! maximum number of files to read
81	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_wndi = 1 ! index of 10m wind velocity (i-component) (m/s) at T-point
82	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_wndj = 2 ! index of 10m wind velocity (j-component) (m/s) at T-point
83	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_tair = 3 ! index of 10m air temperature (Kelvin)
84	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_humi = 4 ! index of specific humidity ( % )
85	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_qsr = 5 ! index of solar heat (W/m2)
86	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_qlw = 6 ! index of Long wave (W/m2)
87	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_prec = 7 ! index of total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s)
88	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_snow = 8 ! index of snow (solid prcipitation) (kg/m2/s)
89	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_slp = 9 ! index of sea level pressure (Pa)
90	INTEGER , PARAMETER :: jp_tdif =10 ! index of tau diff associated to HF tau (N/m2) at T-point
91
92	TYPE(FLD), ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! structure of input fields (file informations, fields read)
93
94	! !!! Bulk parameters
95	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: cpa = 1000.5 ! specific heat of air (only used for ice fluxes now...)
96	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Ls = 2.839e6 ! latent heat of sublimation
97	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Stef = 5.67e-8 ! Stefan Boltzmann constant
98	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: Cd_ice = 1.4e-3 ! iovi 1.63e-3 ! transfer coefficient over ice
99	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: albo = 0.066 ! ocean albedo assumed to be constant
100	!
101	! !!* Namelist namsbc_blk : bulk parameters
102	LOGICAL :: ln_NCAR ! "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008)
103	LOGICAL :: ln_COARE_3p0 ! "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003)
104	LOGICAL :: ln_COARE_3p5 ! "COARE 3.5" algorithm (Edson et al. 2013)
105	LOGICAL :: ln_ECMWF ! "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 31)
106	!
107	LOGICAL :: ln_taudif ! logical flag to use the "mean of stress module - module of mean stress" data
108	REAL(wp) :: rn_pfac ! multiplication factor for precipitation
109	REAL(wp) :: rn_efac ! multiplication factor for evaporation (clem)
110	REAL(wp) :: rn_vfac ! multiplication factor for ice/ocean velocity in the calculation of wind stress (clem)
111	REAL(wp) :: rn_zqt ! z(q,t) : height of humidity and temperature measurements
112	REAL(wp) :: rn_zu ! z(u) : height of wind measurements
113	LOGICAL :: ln_Cd_L12 = .FALSE. ! Modify the drag ice-atm and oce-atm depending on ice concentration (from Lupkes et al. JGR2012)
114	!
115	REAL(wp), ALLOCATABLE, SAVE, DIMENSION(:,:) :: Cd_oce ! air-ocean drag (clem)
116
117	INTEGER :: nblk ! choice of the bulk algorithm
118	! ! associated indices:
119	INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_NCAR = 1 ! "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008)
120	INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_COARE_3p0 = 2 ! "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003)
121	INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_COARE_3p5 = 3 ! "COARE 3.5" algorithm (Edson et al. 2013)
122	INTEGER, PARAMETER :: np_ECMWF = 4 ! "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 31)
123
124	!! * Substitutions
125	# include "vectopt_loop_substitute.h90"
126	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
127	!! NEMO/OPA 3.7 , NEMO-consortium (2014)
128	!! $Id: sbcblk.F90 6416 2016-04-01 12:22:17Z clem $
129	!! Software governed by the CeCILL licence (NEMOGCM/NEMO_CeCILL.txt)
130	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
131	CONTAINS
132
133	INTEGER FUNCTION sbc_blk_alloc()
134	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------
135	!! * ROUTINE sbc_blk_alloc *
136	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------
137	ALLOCATE( Cd_oce(jpi,jpj) , STAT=sbc_blk_alloc )
138	!
139	IF( lk_mpp ) CALL mpp_sum ( sbc_blk_alloc )
140	IF( sbc_blk_alloc /= 0 ) CALL ctl_warn('sbc_blk_alloc: failed to allocate arrays')
141	END FUNCTION sbc_blk_alloc
142
143	SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_init
144	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
145	!! * ROUTINE sbc_blk_init *
146	!!
147	!! ** Purpose : choose and initialize a bulk formulae formulation
148	!!
149	!! ** Method :
150	!!
151	!! C A U T I O N : never mask the surface stress fields
152	!! the stress is assumed to be in the (i,j) mesh referential
153	!!
154	!! ** Action :
155	!!
156	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
157	INTEGER :: ifpr, jfld ! dummy loop indice and argument
158	INTEGER :: ios, ierror, ioptio ! Local integer
159	!!
160	CHARACTER(len=100) :: cn_dir ! Root directory for location of atmospheric forcing files
161	TYPE(FLD_N), DIMENSION(jpfld) :: slf_i ! array of namelist informations on the fields to read
162	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_wndi, sn_wndj, sn_humi, sn_qsr ! informations about the fields to be read
163	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_qlw , sn_tair, sn_prec, sn_snow ! " "
164	TYPE(FLD_N) :: sn_slp , sn_tdif ! " "
165	NAMELIST/namsbc_blk/ sn_wndi, sn_wndj, sn_humi, sn_qsr, sn_qlw , & ! input fields
166	& sn_tair, sn_prec, sn_snow, sn_slp, sn_tdif, &
167	& ln_NCAR, ln_COARE_3p0, ln_COARE_3p5, ln_ECMWF, & ! bulk algorithm
168	& cn_dir , ln_taudif, rn_zqt, rn_zu, &
169	& rn_pfac, rn_efac, rn_vfac, ln_Cd_L12
170	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
171	!
172	! ! allocate sbc_blk_core array
173	IF( sbc_blk_alloc() /= 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk : unable to allocate standard arrays' )
174	!
175	! !** read bulk namelist
176	REWIND( numnam_ref ) !* Namelist namsbc_blk in reference namelist : bulk parameters
177	READ ( numnam_ref, namsbc_blk, IOSTAT = ios, ERR = 901)
178	901 IF( ios /= 0 ) CALL ctl_nam ( ios , 'namsbc_blk in reference namelist', lwp )
179	!
180	REWIND( numnam_cfg ) !* Namelist namsbc_blk in configuration namelist : bulk parameters
181	READ ( numnam_cfg, namsbc_blk, IOSTAT = ios, ERR = 902 )
182	902 IF( ios /= 0 ) CALL ctl_nam ( ios , 'namsbc_blk in configuration namelist', lwp )
183	!
184	IF(lwm) WRITE( numond, namsbc_blk )
185	!
186	! !** initialization of the chosen bulk formulae (+ check)
187	! !* select the bulk chosen in the namelist and check the choice
188	; ioptio = 0
189	IF( ln_NCAR ) THEN ; nblk = np_NCAR ; ioptio = ioptio + 1 ; ENDIF
190	IF( ln_COARE_3p0 ) THEN ; nblk = np_COARE_3p0 ; ioptio = ioptio + 1 ; ENDIF
191	IF( ln_COARE_3p5 ) THEN ; nblk = np_COARE_3p5 ; ioptio = ioptio + 1 ; ENDIF
192	IF( ln_ECMWF ) THEN ; nblk = np_ECMWF ; ioptio = ioptio + 1 ; ENDIF
193	!
194	IF( ioptio /= 1 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: Choose one and only one bulk algorithm' )
195	!
196	IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN !* check: diurnal cycle on Qsr
197	IF( sn_qsr%nfreqh /= 24 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'sbc_blk_init: ln_dm2dc=T only with daily short-wave input' )
198	IF( sn_qsr%ln_tint ) THEN
199	CALL ctl_warn( 'sbc_blk_init: ln_dm2dc=T daily qsr time interpolation done by sbcdcy module', &
200	& ' ==> We force time interpolation = .false. for qsr' )
201	sn_qsr%ln_tint = .false.
202	ENDIF
203	ENDIF
204	! !* set the bulk structure
205	! !- store namelist information in an array
206	slf_i(jp_wndi) = sn_wndi ; slf_i(jp_wndj) = sn_wndj
207	slf_i(jp_qsr ) = sn_qsr ; slf_i(jp_qlw ) = sn_qlw
208	slf_i(jp_tair) = sn_tair ; slf_i(jp_humi) = sn_humi
209	slf_i(jp_prec) = sn_prec ; slf_i(jp_snow) = sn_snow
210	slf_i(jp_slp) = sn_slp ; slf_i(jp_tdif) = sn_tdif
211	!
212	lhftau = ln_taudif !- add an extra field if HF stress is used
213	jfld = jpfld - COUNT( (/.NOT.lhftau/) )
214	!
215	! !- allocate the bulk structure
216	ALLOCATE( sf(jfld), STAT=ierror )
217	IF( ierror > 0 ) CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_blk_init: unable to allocate sf structure' )
218	DO ifpr= 1, jfld
219	ALLOCATE( sf(ifpr)%fnow(jpi,jpj,1) )
220	IF( slf_i(ifpr)%ln_tint ) ALLOCATE( sf(ifpr)%fdta(jpi,jpj,1,2) )
221	END DO
222	! !- fill the bulk structure with namelist informations
223	CALL fld_fill( sf, slf_i, cn_dir, 'sbc_blk_init', 'surface boundary condition -- bulk formulae', 'namsbc_blk' )
224	!
225	!
226	IF(lwp) THEN !** Control print
227	!
228	WRITE(numout,) ! namelist
229	WRITE(numout,*) ' Namelist namsbc_blk (other than data information):'
230	WRITE(numout,*) ' "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008) ln_NCAR = ', ln_NCAR
231	WRITE(numout,*) ' "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003) ln_COARE_3p0 = ', ln_COARE_3p0
232	WRITE(numout,*) ' "COARE 3.5" algorithm (Edson et al. 2013) ln_COARE_3p5 = ', ln_COARE_3p0
233	WRITE(numout,*) ' "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 31) ln_ECMWF = ', ln_ECMWF
234	WRITE(numout,*) ' add High freq.contribution to the stress module ln_taudif = ', ln_taudif
235	WRITE(numout,*) ' Air temperature and humidity reference height (m) rn_zqt = ', rn_zqt
236	WRITE(numout,*) ' Wind vector reference height (m) rn_zu = ', rn_zu
237	WRITE(numout,*) ' factor applied on precipitation (total & snow) rn_pfac = ', rn_pfac
238	WRITE(numout,*) ' factor applied on evaporation rn_efac = ', rn_efac
239	WRITE(numout,*) ' factor applied on ocean/ice velocity rn_vfac = ', rn_vfac
240	WRITE(numout,*) ' (form absolute (=0) to relative winds(=1))'
241	!
242	WRITE(numout,*)
243	SELECT CASE( nblk ) !* Print the choice of bulk algorithm
244	CASE( np_NCAR ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ===>> "NCAR" algorithm (Large and Yeager 2008)'
245	CASE( np_COARE_3p0 ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ===>> "COARE 3.0" algorithm (Fairall et al. 2003)'
246	CASE( np_COARE_3p5 ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ===>> "COARE 3.5" algorithm (Edson et al. 2013)'
247	CASE( np_ECMWF ) ; WRITE(numout,*) ' ===>> "ECMWF" algorithm (IFS cycle 31)'
248	END SELECT
249	!
250	ENDIF
251	!
252	END SUBROUTINE sbc_blk_init
253
254
255	SUBROUTINE sbc_blk( kt )
256	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
257	!! * ROUTINE sbc_blk *
258	!!
259	!! ** Purpose : provide at each time step the surface ocean fluxes
260	!! (momentum, heat, freshwater and runoff)
261	!!
262	!! ** Method : (1) READ each fluxes in NetCDF files:
263	!! the 10m wind velocity (i-component) (m/s) at T-point
264	!! the 10m wind velocity (j-component) (m/s) at T-point
265	!! the 10m or 2m specific humidity ( % )
266	!! the solar heat (W/m2)
267	!! the Long wave (W/m2)
268	!! the 10m or 2m air temperature (Kelvin)
269	!! the total precipitation (rain+snow) (Kg/m2/s)
270	!! the snow (solid prcipitation) (kg/m2/s)
271	!! the tau diff associated to HF tau (N/m2) at T-point (ln_taudif=T)
272	!! (2) CALL blk_oce
273	!!
274	!! C A U T I O N : never mask the surface stress fields
275	!! the stress is assumed to be in the (i,j) mesh referential
276	!!
277	!! ** Action : defined at each time-step at the air-sea interface
278	!! - utau, vtau i- and j-component of the wind stress
279	!! - taum wind stress module at T-point
280	!! - wndm wind speed module at T-point over free ocean or leads in presence of sea-ice
281	!! - qns, qsr non-solar and solar heat fluxes
282	!! - emp upward mass flux (evapo. - precip.)
283	!! - sfx salt flux due to freezing/melting (non-zero only if ice is present)
284	!! (set in limsbc(_2).F90)
285	!!
286	!! ** References : Large & Yeager, 2004 / Large & Yeager, 2008
287	!! Brodeau et al. Ocean Modelling 2010
288	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
289	INTEGER, INTENT(in) :: kt ! ocean time step
290	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
291	!
292	CALL fld_read( kt, nn_fsbc, sf ) ! input fields provided at the current time-step
293	!
294	! ! compute the surface ocean fluxes using bulk formulea
295	IF( MOD( kt - 1, nn_fsbc ) == 0 ) CALL blk_oce( kt, sf, sst_m, ssu_m, ssv_m )
296
297	#if defined key_cice
298	IF( MOD( kt - 1, nn_fsbc ) == 0 ) THEN
299	qlw_ice(:,:,1) = sf(jp_qlw )%fnow(:,:,1)
300	IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN ; qsr_ice(:,:,1) = sbc_dcy( sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) )
301	ELSE ; qsr_ice(:,:,1) = sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1)
302	ENDIF
303	tatm_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1)
304	qatm_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1)
305	tprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac
306	sprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac
307	wndi_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(:,:,1)
308	wndj_ice(:,:) = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(:,:,1)
309	ENDIF
310	#endif
311	!
312	END SUBROUTINE sbc_blk
313
314
315	SUBROUTINE blk_oce( kt, sf, pst, pu, pv )
316	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
317	!! * ROUTINE blk_oce *
318	!!
319	!! ** Purpose : provide the momentum, heat and freshwater fluxes at
320	!! the ocean surface at each time step
321	!!
322	!! ** Method : bulk formulea for the ocean using atmospheric
323	!! fields read in sbc_read
324	!!
325	!! ** Outputs : - utau : i-component of the stress at U-point (N/m2)
326	!! - vtau : j-component of the stress at V-point (N/m2)
327	!! - taum : Wind stress module at T-point (N/m2)
328	!! - wndm : Wind speed module at T-point (m/s)
329	!! - qsr : Solar heat flux over the ocean (W/m2)
330	!! - qns : Non Solar heat flux over the ocean (W/m2)
331	!! - emp : evaporation minus precipitation (kg/m2/s)
332	!!
333	!! ** Nota : sf has to be a dummy argument for AGRIF on NEC
334	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
335	INTEGER , INTENT(in ) :: kt ! time step index
336	TYPE(fld), INTENT(inout), DIMENSION(:) :: sf ! input data
337	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pst ! surface temperature [Celcius]
338	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pu ! surface current at U-point (i-component) [m/s]
339	REAL(wp) , INTENT(in) , DIMENSION(:,:) :: pv ! surface current at V-point (j-component) [m/s]
340	!
341	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
342	REAL(wp) :: zztmp ! local variable
343	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zwnd_i, zwnd_j ! wind speed components at T-point
344	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zsq ! specific humidity at pst
345	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zqlw, zqsb ! long wave and sensible heat fluxes
346	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zqla, zevap ! latent heat fluxes and evaporation
347	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Cd ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
348	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ch ! transfer coefficient for sensible heat (Q_sens)
349	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Ce ! tansfert coefficient for evaporation (Q_lat)
350	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zst ! surface temperature in Kelvin
351	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zt_zu ! air temperature at wind speed height
352	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zq_zu ! air spec. hum. at wind speed height
353	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zU_zu ! bulk wind speed at height zu [m/s]
354	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: ztpot ! potential temperature of air at z=rn_zqt [K]
355	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: zrhoa ! density of air [kg/m^3]
356	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
357	!
358	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_oce')
359	!
360	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zwnd_i, zwnd_j, zsq, zqlw, zqsb, zqla, zevap )
361	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, Cd, Ch, Ce, zst, zt_zu, zq_zu )
362	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zU_zu, ztpot, zrhoa )
363	!
364
365	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
366	zst(:,:) = pst(:,:) + rt0 ! convert SST from Celcius to Kelvin (and set minimum value far above 0 K)
367
368	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
369	! 0 Wind components and module at T-point relative to the moving ocean !
370	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
371
372	! ... components ( U10m - U_oce ) at T-point (unmasked)
373	!!gm move zwnd_i (_j) set to zero inside the key_cyclone ???
374	zwnd_i(:,:) = 0._wp
375	zwnd_j(:,:) = 0._wp
376	#if defined key_cyclone
377	CALL wnd_cyc( kt, zwnd_i, zwnd_j ) ! add analytical tropical cyclone (Vincent et al. JGR 2012)
378	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
379	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
380	sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) + zwnd_i(ji,jj)
381	sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) + zwnd_j(ji,jj)
382	END DO
383	END DO
384	#endif
385	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
386	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
387	zwnd_i(ji,jj) = ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( pu(ji-1,jj ) + pu(ji,jj) ) )
388	zwnd_j(ji,jj) = ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( pv(ji ,jj-1) + pv(ji,jj) ) )
389	END DO
390	END DO
391	CALL lbc_lnk( zwnd_i(:,:) , 'T', -1. )
392	CALL lbc_lnk( zwnd_j(:,:) , 'T', -1. )
393	! ... scalar wind ( = \| U10m - U_oce \| ) at T-point (masked)
394	wndm(:,:) = SQRT( zwnd_i(:,:) * zwnd_i(:,:) &
395	& + zwnd_j(:,:) * zwnd_j(:,:) ) * tmask(:,:,1)
396
397	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
398	! I Radiative FLUXES !
399	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
400
401	! ocean albedo assumed to be constant + modify now Qsr to include the diurnal cycle ! Short Wave
402	zztmp = 1. - albo
403	IF( ln_dm2dc ) THEN ; qsr(:,:) = zztmp * sbc_dcy( sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * tmask(:,:,1)
404	ELSE ; qsr(:,:) = zztmp * sf(jp_qsr)%fnow(:,:,1) * tmask(:,:,1)
405	ENDIF
406
407	zqlw(:,:) = ( sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(:,:,1) - Stef * zst(:,:)zst(:,:)zst(:,:)zst(:,:) ) tmask(:,:,1) ! Long Wave
408
409
410
411	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
412	! II Turbulent FLUXES !
413	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
414
415	! ... specific humidity at SST and IST tmask(
416	zsq(:,:) = 0.98 * q_sat( zst(:,:), sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1) )
417	!!
418	!! Estimate of potential temperature at z=rn_zqt, based on adiabatic lapse-rate
419	!! (see Josey, Gulev & Yu, 2013) / doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-391851-2.00005-2
420	!! (since reanalysis products provide T at z, not theta !)
421	ztpot = sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) + gamma_moist( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * rn_zqt
422
423	SELECT CASE( nblk ) !== transfer coefficients ==! Cd, Ch, Ce at T-point
424	!
425	CASE( np_NCAR ) ; CALL turb_ncar ( rn_zqt, rn_zu, zst, ztpot, zsq, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, & ! NCAR-COREv2
426	& Cd, Ch, Ce, zt_zu, zq_zu, zU_zu )
427	CASE( np_COARE_3p0 ) ; CALL turb_coare ( rn_zqt, rn_zu, zst, ztpot, zsq, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, & ! COARE v3.0
428	& Cd, Ch, Ce, zt_zu, zq_zu, zU_zu )
429	CASE( np_COARE_3p5 ) ; CALL turb_coare3p5( rn_zqt, rn_zu, zst, ztpot, zsq, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, & ! COARE v3.5
430	& Cd, Ch, Ce, zt_zu, zq_zu, zU_zu )
431	CASE( np_ECMWF ) ; CALL turb_ecmwf ( rn_zqt, rn_zu, zst, ztpot, zsq, sf(jp_humi)%fnow, wndm, & ! ECMWF
432	& Cd, Ch, Ce, zt_zu, zq_zu, zU_zu )
433	CASE DEFAULT
434	CALL ctl_stop( 'STOP', 'sbc_oce: non-existing bulk formula selected' )
435	END SELECT
436
437	! ! Compute true air density :
438	IF( ABS(rn_zu - rn_zqt) > 0.01 ) THEN ! At zu: (probably useless to remove zrhogravrn_zu from SLP...)
439	zrhoa(:,:) = rho_air( zt_zu(:,:) , zq_zu(:,:) , sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1) )
440	ELSE ! At zt:
441	zrhoa(:,:) = rho_air( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1) )
442	END IF
443
444	Cd_oce(:,:) = Cd(:,:) ! record value of pure ocean-atm. drag (clem)
445
446	DO jj = 1, jpj ! tau module, i and j component
447	DO ji = 1, jpi
448	zztmp = zrhoa(ji,jj) * zU_zu(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj) ! using bulk wind speed
449	taum (ji,jj) = zztmp * wndm (ji,jj)
450	zwnd_i(ji,jj) = zztmp * zwnd_i(ji,jj)
451	zwnd_j(ji,jj) = zztmp * zwnd_j(ji,jj)
452	END DO
453	END DO
454
455	! ! add the HF tau contribution to the wind stress module
456	IF( lhftau ) taum(:,:) = taum(:,:) + sf(jp_tdif)%fnow(:,:,1)
457
458	CALL iom_put( "taum_oce", taum ) ! output wind stress module
459
460	! ... utau, vtau at U- and V_points, resp.
461	! Note the use of 0.5*(2-umask) in order to unmask the stress along coastlines
462	! Note the use of MAX(tmask(i,j),tmask(i+1,j) is to mask tau over ice shelves
463	DO jj = 1, jpjm1
464	DO ji = 1, fs_jpim1
465	utau(ji,jj) = 0.5 * ( 2. - umask(ji,jj,1) ) * ( zwnd_i(ji,jj) + zwnd_i(ji+1,jj ) ) &
466	& * MAX(tmask(ji,jj,1),tmask(ji+1,jj,1))
467	vtau(ji,jj) = 0.5 * ( 2. - vmask(ji,jj,1) ) * ( zwnd_j(ji,jj) + zwnd_j(ji ,jj+1) ) &
468	& * MAX(tmask(ji,jj,1),tmask(ji,jj+1,1))
469	END DO
470	END DO
471	CALL lbc_lnk( utau(:,:), 'U', -1. )
472	CALL lbc_lnk( vtau(:,:), 'V', -1. )
473
474
475	! Turbulent fluxes over ocean
476	! -----------------------------
477
478	! zqla used as temporary array, for rho*U (common term of bulk formulae):
479	zqla(:,:) = zrhoa(:,:) * zU_zu(:,:)
480
481	IF( ABS( rn_zu - rn_zqt) < 0.01_wp ) THEN
482	!! q_air and t_air are given at 10m (wind reference height)
483	zevap(:,:) = rn_efacMAX( 0._wp, zqla(:,:)Ce(:,:)*(zsq(:,:) - sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1)) ) ! Evaporation, using bulk wind speed
484	zqsb (:,:) = cp_air(sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1))zqla(:,:)Ch(:,:)*(zst(:,:) - ztpot(:,:) ) ! Sensible Heat, using bulk wind speed
485	ELSE
486	!! q_air and t_air are not given at 10m (wind reference height)
487	! Values of temp. and hum. adjusted to height of wind during bulk algorithm iteration must be used!!!
488	zevap(:,:) = rn_efacMAX( 0._wp, zqla(:,:)Ce(:,:)*(zsq(:,:) - zq_zu(:,:) ) ) ! Evaporation ! using bulk wind speed
489	zqsb (:,:) = cp_air(sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1))zqla(:,:)Ch(:,:)*(zst(:,:) - zt_zu(:,:) ) ! Sensible Heat ! using bulk wind speed
490	ENDIF
491
492	zqla(:,:) = L_vap(zst(:,:)) * zevap(:,:) ! Latent Heat flux
493
494
495	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
496	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqla , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqla : ', tab2d_2=Ce , clinfo2=' Ce : ' )
497	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqsb , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqsb : ', tab2d_2=Ch , clinfo2=' Ch : ' )
498	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zqlw , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqlw : ', tab2d_2=qsr, clinfo2=' qsr : ' )
499	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zsq , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zsq : ', tab2d_2=zst, clinfo2=' zst : ' )
500	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=utau , clinfo1=' blk_oce: utau : ', mask1=umask, &
501	& tab2d_2=vtau , clinfo2= ' vtau : ', mask2=vmask )
502	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=wndm , clinfo1=' blk_oce: wndm : ')
503	CALL prt_ctl( tab2d_1=zst , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zst : ')
504	ENDIF
505
506	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
507	! III Total FLUXES !
508	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
509	!
510	emp (:,:) = ( zevap(:,:) & ! mass flux (evap. - precip.)
511	& - sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ) * tmask(:,:,1)
512	!
513	qns(:,:) = zqlw(:,:) - zqsb(:,:) - zqla(:,:) & ! Downward Non Solar
514	& - sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac * lfus & ! remove latent melting heat for solid precip
515	& - zevap(:,:) * pst(:,:) * rcp & ! remove evap heat content at SST
516	& + ( sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) - sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) ) * rn_pfac & ! add liquid precip heat content at Tair
517	& * ( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) - rt0 ) * rcp &
518	& + sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac & ! add solid precip heat content at min(Tair,Tsnow)
519	& * ( MIN( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), rt0_snow ) - rt0 ) * cpic * tmask(:,:,1)
520	!
521	#if defined key_lim3
522	qns_oce(:,:) = zqlw(:,:) - zqsb(:,:) - zqla(:,:) ! non solar without emp (only needed by LIM3)
523	qsr_oce(:,:) = qsr(:,:)
524	#endif
525	!
526	IF ( nn_ice == 0 ) THEN
527	CALL iom_put( "qlw_oce" , zqlw ) ! output downward longwave heat over the ocean
528	CALL iom_put( "qsb_oce" , - zqsb ) ! output downward sensible heat over the ocean
529	CALL iom_put( "qla_oce" , - zqla ) ! output downward latent heat over the ocean
530	CALL iom_put( "qemp_oce", qns-zqlw+zqsb+zqla ) ! output downward heat content of E-P over the ocean
531	CALL iom_put( "qns_oce" , qns ) ! output downward non solar heat over the ocean
532	CALL iom_put( "qsr_oce" , qsr ) ! output downward solar heat over the ocean
533	CALL iom_put( "qt_oce" , qns+qsr ) ! output total downward heat over the ocean
534	tprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ! output total precipitation [kg/m2/s]
535	sprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ! output solid precipitation [kg/m2/s]
536	CALL iom_put( 'snowpre', sprecip * 86400. ) ! Snow
537	CALL iom_put( 'precip' , tprecip * 86400. ) ! Total precipitation
538	ENDIF
539	!
540	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
541	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqsb , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqsb : ', tab2d_2=zqlw , clinfo2=' zqlw : ')
542	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=zqla , clinfo1=' blk_oce: zqla : ', tab2d_2=qsr , clinfo2=' qsr : ')
543	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=pst , clinfo1=' blk_oce: pst : ', tab2d_2=emp , clinfo2=' emp : ')
544	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=utau , clinfo1=' blk_oce: utau : ', mask1=umask, &
545	& tab2d_2=vtau , clinfo2= ' vtau : ' , mask2=vmask )
546	ENDIF
547	!
548	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, zwnd_i, zwnd_j, zsq, zqlw, zqsb, zqla, zevap )
549	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, Cd, Ch, Ce, zst, zt_zu, zq_zu )
550	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, zU_zu, ztpot, zrhoa )
551	!
552	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_oce')
553	!
554	END SUBROUTINE blk_oce
555
556	#if defined key_lim2 \|\| defined key_lim3
557
558	SUBROUTINE blk_ice_tau
559	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
560	!! * ROUTINE blk_ice_tau *
561	!!
562	!! ** Purpose : provide the surface boundary condition over sea-ice
563	!!
564	!! ** Method : compute momentum using bulk formulation
565	!! formulea, ice variables and read atmospheric fields.
566	!! NB: ice drag coefficient is assumed to be a constant
567	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
568	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
569	!
570	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: zrhoa
571	!
572	REAL(wp) :: zwnorm_f, zwndi_f , zwndj_f ! relative wind module and components at F-point
573	REAL(wp) :: zwndi_t , zwndj_t ! relative wind components at T-point
574	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), POINTER :: Cd ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
575	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
576	!
577	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_ice_tau')
578	!
579	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zrhoa )
580	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, Cd )
581
582	Cd(:,:) = Cd_ice
583
584	! Make ice-atm. drag dependent on ice concentration (see Lupkes et al. 2012) (clem)
585	#if defined key_lim3
586	IF( ln_Cd_L12 ) THEN
587	CALL Cdn10_Lupkes2012( Cd ) ! calculate new drag from Lupkes(2012) equations
588	ENDIF
589	#endif
590
591	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
592	! Computing density of air! Way denser that 1.2 over sea-ice !!!
593	!!
594	zrhoa (:,:) = rho_air(sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1))
595
596	!!gm brutal....
597	utau_ice (:,:) = 0._wp
598	vtau_ice (:,:) = 0._wp
599	wndm_ice (:,:) = 0._wp
600	!!gm end
601
602	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
603	! Wind components and module relative to the moving ocean ( U10m - U_ice ) !
604	! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- !
605	SELECT CASE( cp_ice_msh )
606	CASE( 'I' ) ! B-grid ice dynamics : I-point (i.e. F-point with sea-ice indexation)
607	! and scalar wind at T-point ( = \| U10m - U_ice \| ) (masked)
608	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
609	DO ji = 2, jpim1 ! B grid : NO vector opt
610	! ... scalar wind at I-point (fld being at T-point)
611	zwndi_f = 0.25 * ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji-1,jj ,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji ,jj ,1) &
612	& + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji-1,jj-1,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji ,jj-1,1) ) - rn_vfac * u_ice(ji,jj)
613	zwndj_f = 0.25 * ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji-1,jj ,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji ,jj ,1) &
614	& + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji-1,jj-1,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji ,jj-1,1) ) - rn_vfac * v_ice(ji,jj)
615	zwnorm_f = zrhoa(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj) * SQRT( zwndi_f * zwndi_f + zwndj_f * zwndj_f )
616	! ... ice stress at I-point
617	utau_ice(ji,jj) = zwnorm_f * zwndi_f
618	vtau_ice(ji,jj) = zwnorm_f * zwndj_f
619	! ... scalar wind at T-point (fld being at T-point)
620	zwndi_t = sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.25 * ( u_ice(ji,jj+1) + u_ice(ji+1,jj+1) &
621	& + u_ice(ji,jj ) + u_ice(ji+1,jj ) )
622	zwndj_t = sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.25 * ( v_ice(ji,jj+1) + v_ice(ji+1,jj+1) &
623	& + v_ice(ji,jj ) + v_ice(ji+1,jj ) )
624	wndm_ice(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwndi_t * zwndi_t + zwndj_t * zwndj_t ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
625	END DO
626	END DO
627	CALL lbc_lnk( utau_ice, 'I', -1. )
628	CALL lbc_lnk( vtau_ice, 'I', -1. )
629	CALL lbc_lnk( wndm_ice, 'T', 1. )
630	!
631	CASE( 'C' ) ! C-grid ice dynamics : U & V-points (same as ocean)
632	DO jj = 2, jpj
633	DO ji = fs_2, jpi ! vect. opt.
634	zwndi_t = ( sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( u_ice(ji-1,jj ) + u_ice(ji,jj) ) )
635	zwndj_t = ( sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - rn_vfac * 0.5 * ( v_ice(ji ,jj-1) + v_ice(ji,jj) ) )
636	wndm_ice(ji,jj) = SQRT( zwndi_t * zwndi_t + zwndj_t * zwndj_t ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
637	END DO
638	END DO
639	DO jj = 2, jpjm1
640	DO ji = fs_2, fs_jpim1 ! vect. opt.
641	utau_ice(ji,jj) = 0.5 * zrhoa(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj) * ( wndm_ice(ji+1,jj ) + wndm_ice(ji,jj) ) &
642	& * ( 0.5 * (sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji+1,jj,1) + sf(jp_wndi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) - rn_vfac * u_ice(ji,jj) )
643	vtau_ice(ji,jj) = 0.5 * zrhoa(ji,jj) * Cd(ji,jj) * ( wndm_ice(ji,jj+1 ) + wndm_ice(ji,jj) ) &
644	& * ( 0.5 * (sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj+1,1) + sf(jp_wndj)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) - rn_vfac * v_ice(ji,jj) )
645	END DO
646	END DO
647	CALL lbc_lnk( utau_ice, 'U', -1. )
648	CALL lbc_lnk( vtau_ice, 'V', -1. )
649	CALL lbc_lnk( wndm_ice, 'T', 1. )
650	!
651	END SELECT
652
653	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
654	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=utau_ice , clinfo1=' blk_ice: utau_ice : ', tab2d_2=vtau_ice , clinfo2=' vtau_ice : ')
655	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=wndm_ice , clinfo1=' blk_ice: wndm_ice : ')
656	ENDIF
657
658	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_ice_tau')
659
660	END SUBROUTINE blk_ice_tau
661
662
663	SUBROUTINE blk_ice_flx( ptsu, palb )
664	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
665	!! * ROUTINE blk_ice_flx *
666	!!
667	!! ** Purpose : provide the surface boundary condition over sea-ice
668	!!
669	!! ** Method : compute heat and freshwater exchanged
670	!! between atmosphere and sea-ice using bulk formulation
671	!! formulea, ice variables and read atmmospheric fields.
672	!!
673	!! caution : the net upward water flux has with mm/day unit
674	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
675	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in) :: ptsu ! sea ice surface temperature
676	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in) :: palb ! ice albedo (all skies)
677	!!
678	INTEGER :: ji, jj, jl ! dummy loop indices
679	REAL(wp) :: zst2, zst3 ! local variable
680	REAL(wp) :: zcoef_dqlw, zcoef_dqla ! - -
681	REAL(wp) :: zztmp, z1_lsub ! - -
682	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_qlw ! long wave heat flux over ice
683	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_qsb ! sensible heat flux over ice
684	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_dqlw ! long wave heat sensitivity over ice
685	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), POINTER :: z_dqsb ! sensible heat sensitivity over ice
686	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: zevap, zsnw ! evaporation and snw distribution after wind blowing (LIM3)
687	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: zrhoa
688	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) , POINTER :: Cd ! transfer coefficient for momentum (tau)
689	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------
690	!
691	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_start('blk_ice_flx')
692	!
693	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj,jpl, z_qlw, z_qsb, z_dqlw, z_dqsb )
694	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zrhoa)
695	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, Cd )
696
697	Cd(:,:) = Cd_ice
698
699	! Make ice-atm. drag dependent on ice concentration (see Lupkes et al. 2012) (clem)
700	#if defined key_lim3
701	IF( ln_Cd_L12 ) THEN
702	CALL Cdn10_Lupkes2012( Cd ) ! calculate new drag from Lupkes(2012) equations
703	ENDIF
704	#endif
705
706	!
707	! local scalars ( place there for vector optimisation purposes)
708	zcoef_dqlw = 4.0 * 0.95 * Stef
709	zcoef_dqla = -Ls * 11637800. * (-5897.8)
710	!
711	zrhoa(:,:) = rho_air( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_humi)%fnow(:,:,1), sf(jp_slp)%fnow(:,:,1) )
712	!
713	zztmp = 1. / ( 1. - albo )
714	! ! ========================== !
715	DO jl = 1, jpl ! Loop over ice categories !
716	! ! ========================== !
717	DO jj = 1 , jpj
718	DO ji = 1, jpi
719	! ----------------------------!
720	! I Radiative FLUXES !
721	! ----------------------------!
722	zst2 = ptsu(ji,jj,jl) * ptsu(ji,jj,jl)
723	zst3 = ptsu(ji,jj,jl) * zst2
724	! Short Wave (sw)
725	qsr_ice(ji,jj,jl) = zztmp * ( 1. - palb(ji,jj,jl) ) * qsr(ji,jj)
726	! Long Wave (lw)
727	z_qlw(ji,jj,jl) = 0.95 * ( sf(jp_qlw)%fnow(ji,jj,1) - Stef * ptsu(ji,jj,jl) * zst3 ) * tmask(ji,jj,1)
728	! lw sensitivity
729	z_dqlw(ji,jj,jl) = zcoef_dqlw * zst3
730
731	! ----------------------------!
732	! II Turbulent FLUXES !
733	! ----------------------------!
734
735	! ... turbulent heat fluxes
736	! Sensible Heat
737	z_qsb(ji,jj,jl) = zrhoa(ji,jj) * cpa * Cd(ji,jj) * wndm_ice(ji,jj) * ( ptsu(ji,jj,jl) - sf(jp_tair)%fnow(ji,jj,1) )
738	! Latent Heat
739	qla_ice(ji,jj,jl) = rn_efac * MAX( 0.e0, zrhoa(ji,jj) * Ls * Cd(ji,jj) * wndm_ice(ji,jj) &
740	& * ( 11637800. * EXP( -5897.8 / ptsu(ji,jj,jl) ) / zrhoa(ji,jj) - sf(jp_humi)%fnow(ji,jj,1) ) )
741	! Latent heat sensitivity for ice (Dqla/Dt)
742	IF( qla_ice(ji,jj,jl) > 0._wp ) THEN
743	dqla_ice(ji,jj,jl) = rn_efac * zcoef_dqla * wndm_ice(ji,jj) / ( zst2 ) * EXP( -5897.8 / ptsu(ji,jj,jl) )
744	ELSE
745	dqla_ice(ji,jj,jl) = 0._wp
746	ENDIF
747
748	! Sensible heat sensitivity (Dqsb_ice/Dtn_ice)
749	z_dqsb(ji,jj,jl) = zrhoa(ji,jj) * cpa * Cd(ji,jj) * wndm_ice(ji,jj)
750
751	! ----------------------------!
752	! III Total FLUXES !
753	! ----------------------------!
754	! Downward Non Solar flux
755	qns_ice (ji,jj,jl) = z_qlw (ji,jj,jl) - z_qsb (ji,jj,jl) - qla_ice (ji,jj,jl)
756	! Total non solar heat flux sensitivity for ice
757	dqns_ice(ji,jj,jl) = - ( z_dqlw(ji,jj,jl) + z_dqsb(ji,jj,jl) + dqla_ice(ji,jj,jl) )
758	END DO
759	!
760	END DO
761	!
762	END DO
763	!
764	tprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_prec)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ! total precipitation [kg/m2/s]
765	sprecip(:,:) = sf(jp_snow)%fnow(:,:,1) * rn_pfac ! solid precipitation [kg/m2/s]
766	CALL iom_put( 'snowpre', sprecip * 86400. ) ! Snow precipitation
767	CALL iom_put( 'precip' , tprecip * 86400. ) ! Total precipitation
768
769	#if defined key_lim3
770	CALL wrk_alloc( jpi,jpj, zevap, zsnw )
771
772	! --- evaporation --- !
773	z1_lsub = 1._wp / Lsub
774	evap_ice (:,:,:) = rn_efac * qla_ice (:,:,:) * z1_lsub ! sublimation
775	devap_ice(:,:,:) = rn_efac * dqla_ice(:,:,:) * z1_lsub ! d(sublimation)/dT
776	zevap (:,:) = rn_efac * ( emp(:,:) + tprecip(:,:) ) ! evaporation over ocean
777
778	! --- evaporation minus precipitation --- !
779	zsnw(:,:) = 0._wp
780	CALL lim_thd_snwblow( pfrld, zsnw ) ! snow distribution over ice after wind blowing
781	emp_oce(:,:) = pfrld(:,:) * zevap(:,:) - ( tprecip(:,:) - sprecip(:,:) ) - sprecip(:,:) * (1._wp - zsnw )
782	emp_ice(:,:) = SUM( a_i_b(:,:,:) * evap_ice(:,:,:), dim=3 ) - sprecip(:,:) * zsnw
783	emp_tot(:,:) = emp_oce(:,:) + emp_ice(:,:)
784
785	! --- heat flux associated with emp --- !
786	qemp_oce(:,:) = - pfrld(:,:) * zevap(:,:) * sst_m(:,:) * rcp & ! evap at sst
787	& + ( tprecip(:,:) - sprecip(:,:) ) * ( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1) - rt0 ) * rcp & ! liquid precip at Tair
788	& + sprecip(:,:) * ( 1._wp - zsnw ) * & ! solid precip at min(Tair,Tsnow)
789	& ( ( MIN( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), rt0_snow ) - rt0 ) * cpic * tmask(:,:,1) - lfus )
790	qemp_ice(:,:) = sprecip(:,:) * zsnw * & ! solid precip (only)
791	& ( ( MIN( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), rt0_snow ) - rt0 ) * cpic * tmask(:,:,1) - lfus )
792
793	! --- total solar and non solar fluxes --- !
794	qns_tot(:,:) = pfrld(:,:) * qns_oce(:,:) + SUM( a_i_b(:,:,:) * qns_ice(:,:,:), dim=3 ) + qemp_ice(:,:) + qemp_oce(:,:)
795	qsr_tot(:,:) = pfrld(:,:) * qsr_oce(:,:) + SUM( a_i_b(:,:,:) * qsr_ice(:,:,:), dim=3 )
796
797	! --- heat content of precip over ice in J/m3 (to be used in 1D-thermo) --- !
798	qprec_ice(:,:) = rhosn * ( ( MIN( sf(jp_tair)%fnow(:,:,1), rt0_snow ) - rt0 ) * cpic * tmask(:,:,1) - lfus )
799
800	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, zevap, zsnw )
801	#endif
802
803	!--------------------------------------------------------------------
804	! FRACTIONs of net shortwave radiation which is not absorbed in the
805	! thin surface layer and penetrates inside the ice cover
806	! ( Maykut and Untersteiner, 1971 ; Ebert and Curry, 1993 )
807	!
808	fr1_i0(:,:) = ( 0.18 * ( 1.0 - cldf_ice ) + 0.35 * cldf_ice )
809	fr2_i0(:,:) = ( 0.82 * ( 1.0 - cldf_ice ) + 0.65 * cldf_ice )
810	!
811	!
812	IF(ln_ctl) THEN
813	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=qla_ice , clinfo1=' blk_ice: qla_ice : ', tab3d_2=z_qsb , clinfo2=' z_qsb : ', kdim=jpl)
814	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_qlw , clinfo1=' blk_ice: z_qlw : ', tab3d_2=dqla_ice, clinfo2=' dqla_ice : ', kdim=jpl)
815	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=z_dqsb , clinfo1=' blk_ice: z_dqsb : ', tab3d_2=z_dqlw , clinfo2=' z_dqlw : ', kdim=jpl)
816	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=dqns_ice, clinfo1=' blk_ice: dqns_ice : ', tab3d_2=qsr_ice , clinfo2=' qsr_ice : ', kdim=jpl)
817	CALL prt_ctl(tab3d_1=ptsu , clinfo1=' blk_ice: ptsu : ', tab3d_2=qns_ice , clinfo2=' qns_ice : ', kdim=jpl)
818	CALL prt_ctl(tab2d_1=tprecip , clinfo1=' blk_ice: tprecip : ', tab2d_2=sprecip , clinfo2=' sprecip : ')
819	ENDIF
820
821	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj,jpl, z_qlw, z_qsb, z_dqlw, z_dqsb )
822	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, zrhoa )
823	CALL wrk_dealloc( jpi,jpj, Cd )
824	!
825	IF( nn_timing == 1 ) CALL timing_stop('blk_ice_flx')
826
827	END SUBROUTINE blk_ice_flx
828
829	#endif
830
831	FUNCTION rho_air( ptak, pqa, pslp )
832	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
833	!! * FUNCTION rho_air *
834	!!
835	!! ** Purpose : compute density of (moist) air using the eq. of state of the atmosphere
836	!!
837	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
838	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
839	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: ptak ! air temperature [K]
840	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pqa ! air specific humidity [kg/kg]
841	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pslp ! pressure in [Pa]
842	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: rho_air ! density of moist air [kg/m^3]
843	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
844	!
845	rho_air = pslp / ( R_dryptak ( 1._wp + rctv0*pqa ) )
846	!
847	END FUNCTION rho_air
848
849
850	FUNCTION cp_air( pqa )
851	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
852	!! * FUNCTION cp_air *
853	!!
854	!! ** Purpose : Compute specific heat (Cp) of moist air
855	!!
856	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
857	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
858	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pqa ! air specific humidity [kg/kg]
859	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: cp_air ! specific heat of moist air [J/K/kg]
860	!!-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
861	!
862	Cp_air = Cp_dry + Cp_vap * pqa
863	!
864	END FUNCTION cp_air
865
866
867	FUNCTION q_sat( ptak, pslp )
868	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
869	!! * FUNCTION q_sat *
870	!!
871	!! ** Purpose : Specific humidity at saturation in [kg/kg]
872	!! Based on accurate estimate of "e_sat"
873	!! aka saturation water vapor (Goff, 1957)
874	!!
875	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
876	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
877	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: ptak ! air temperature [K]
878	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pslp ! sea level atmospheric pressure [Pa]
879	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: q_sat ! Specific humidity at saturation [kg/kg]
880	!
881	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
882	REAL(wp) :: ze_sat, ztmp ! local scalar
883	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
884	!
885	DO jj = 1, jpj
886	DO ji = 1, jpi
887	!
888	ztmp = rt0 / ptak(ji,jj)
889	!
890	! Vapour pressure at saturation [hPa] : WMO, (Goff, 1957)
891	ze_sat = 10.*( 10.79574(1. - ztmp) - 5.028*LOG10(ptak(ji,jj)/rt0) &
892	& + 1.5047510.(-4)(1. - 10.*(-8.2969(ptak(ji,jj)/rt0 - 1.)) ) &
893	& + 0.4287310.(-3)(10.*(4.76955(1. - ztmp)) - 1.) + 0.78614 )
894	!
895	q_sat(ji,jj) = reps0 * ze_sat/( 0.01_wppslp(ji,jj) - (1._wp - reps0)ze_sat ) ! 0.01 because SLP is in [Pa]
896	!
897	END DO
898	END DO
899	!
900	END FUNCTION q_sat
901
902
903	FUNCTION gamma_moist( ptak, pqa )
904	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
905	!! * FUNCTION gamma_moist *
906	!!
907	!! ** Purpose : Compute the moist adiabatic lapse-rate.
908	!! => http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Moist-adiabatic_lapse_rate
909	!! => http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~joel/g266_s10/lecture_notes/chapt03/oh10_3_01/oh10_3_01.html
910	!!
911	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
912	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
913	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: ptak ! air temperature [K]
914	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: pqa ! specific humidity [kg/kg]
915	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: gamma_moist ! moist adiabatic lapse-rate
916	!
917	INTEGER :: ji, jj ! dummy loop indices
918	REAL(wp) :: zrv, ziRT ! local scalar
919	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
920	!
921	DO jj = 1, jpj
922	DO ji = 1, jpi
923	zrv = pqa(ji,jj) / (1. - pqa(ji,jj))
924	ziRT = 1. / (R_dry*ptak(ji,jj)) ! 1/RT
925	gamma_moist(ji,jj) = grav * ( 1. + cevapzrvziRT ) / ( Cp_dry + cevapcevapzrvreps0ziRT/ptak(ji,jj) )
926	END DO
927	END DO
928	!
929	END FUNCTION gamma_moist
930
931
932	FUNCTION L_vap( psst )
933	!!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
934	!! * FUNCTION L_vap *
935	!!
936	!! ** Purpose : Compute the latent heat of vaporization of water from temperature
937	!!
938	!! ** Author: L. Brodeau, june 2016 / AeroBulk (https://sourceforge.net/p/aerobulk)
939	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
940	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj) :: L_vap ! latent heat of vaporization [J/kg]
941	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(jpi,jpj), INTENT(in) :: psst ! water temperature [K]
942	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
943	!
944	L_vap = ( 2.501 - 0.00237 * ( psst(:,:) - rt0) ) * 1.e6
945	!
946	END FUNCTION L_vap
947
948
949	#if defined key_lim3
950	SUBROUTINE Cdn10_Lupkes2012( Cd )
951	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
952	!! * ROUTINE Cdn10_Lupkes2012 *
953	!!
954	!! ** Purpose : Recompute the ice-atm drag at 10m height to make
955	!! it dependent on edges at leads, melt ponds and flows.
956	!! After some approximations, this can be resumed to a dependency
957	!! on ice concentration.
958	!!
959	!! ** Method : The parameterization is taken from Lupkes et al. (2012) eq.(50)
960	!! with the highest level of approximation: level4, eq.(59)
961	!! The generic drag over a cell partly covered by ice can be re-written as follows:
962	!!
963	!! Cd = Cdw * (1-A) + Cdi * A + Ce * (1-A)*(nu+1/(10beta)) * A**mu
964	!!
965	!! Ce = 2.23e-3 , as suggested by Lupkes (eq. 59)
966	!! nu = mu = beta = 1 , as suggested by Lupkes (eq. 59)
967	!! A is the concentration of ice minus melt ponds (if any)
968	!!
969	!! This new drag has a parabolic shape (as a function of A) starting at
970	!! Cdw(say 1.5e-3) for A=0, reaching 1.97e-3 for A~0.5
971	!! and going down to Cdi(say 1.4e-3) for A=1
972	!!
973	!! It is theoretically applicable to all ice conditions !(not only MIZ)
974	!! => see Lupkes et al (2013)
975	!!
976	!! ** References : Lupkes et al. JGR 2012 (theory)
977	!! Lupkes et al. GRL 2013 (application to GCM)
978	!!
979	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
980	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(inout) :: Cd
981	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: zCe = 2.23e-03_wp
982	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: znu = 1._wp
983	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: zmu = 1._wp
984	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: zbeta = 1._wp
985	REAL(wp) :: zcoef
986	!!----------------------------------------------------------------------
987	zcoef = znu + 1._wp / ( 10._wp * zbeta )
988
989	! generic drag over a cell partly covered by ice
990	!!Cd(:,:) = Cd_oce(:,:) * ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) ) + & !! pure ocean drag
991	!! & Cd_ice * at_i_b(:,:) + & !! pure ice drag
992	!! & zCe * ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) )*zcoef !at_i_b(:,:)**zmu ! change due to sea-ice morphology
993
994	! ice-atm drag
995	Cd(:,:) = Cd_ice + & ! pure ice drag
996	& zCe * ( 1._wp - at_i_b(:,:) )*zcoef at_i_b(:,:)**(zmu-1._wp) ! change due to sea-ice morphology
997
998	END SUBROUTINE Cdn10_Lupkes2012
999	#endif
1000
1001
1002	!!======================================================================
1003	END MODULE sbcblk

Note: See TracBrowser for help on using the repository browser.

Download in other formats: