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source: branches/publications/ORCHIDEE_CN-P_v1.2_r5986/ORCHIDEE/src_parameters/constantes_var.f90

Last change on this file was 5984, checked in by daniel.goll, 6 years ago
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1	! =================================================================================================================================
2	! MODULE : constantes_var
3	!
4	! CONTACT : orchidee-help _at_ listes.ipsl.fr
5	!
6	! LICENCE : IPSL (2006)
7	! This software is governed by the CeCILL licence see ORCHIDEE/ORCHIDEE_CeCILL.LIC
8	!
9	!>\BRIEF constantes_var module contains most constantes like pi, Earth radius, etc...
10	!! and all externalized parameters except pft-dependent constants.
11	!!
12	!!\n DESCRIPTION: This module contains most constantes and the externalized parameters of ORCHIDEE which
13	!! are not pft-dependent.\n
14	!! In this module, you can set the flag diag_qsat in order to detect the pixel where the
15	!! temperature is out of range (look qsatcalc and dev_qsatcalc in qsat_moisture.f90).\n
16	!! The Earth radius is approximated by the Equatorial radius.The Earth's equatorial radius a,
17	!! or semi-major axis, is the distance from its center to the equator and equals 6,378.1370 km.
18	!! The equatorial radius is often used to compare Earth with other planets.\n
19	!! The meridional mean is well approximated by the semicubic mean of the two axe yielding
20	!! 6367.4491 km or less accurately by the quadratic mean of the two axes about 6,367.454 km
21	!! or even just the mean of the two axes about 6,367.445 km.\n
22	!! This module is already USE in module constantes. Therefor no need to USE it seperatly except
23	!! if the subroutines in module constantes are not needed.\n
24	!!
25	!! RECENT CHANGE(S):
26	!!
27	!! REFERENCE(S) :
28	!! - Louis, Jean-Francois (1979), A parametric model of vertical eddy fluxes in the atmosphere.
29	!! Boundary Layer Meteorology, 187-202.\n
30	!!
31	!! SVN :
32	!! $HeadURL: $
33	!! $Date$
34	!! $Revision$
35	!! \n
36	!_ ================================================================================================================================
37
38	MODULE constantes_var
39
40	USE defprec
41
42	IMPLICIT NONE
43	!-
44
45	!-----------------------!
46	! ORCHIDEE CONSTANTS !
47	!-----------------------!
48
49	!
50	! FLAGS
51	!
52	LOGICAL, SAVE :: NC_COMPRESSION_ENABLE !! activate netcdf output compression
53	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(NC_COMPRESSION_ENABLE)
54
55	LOGICAL :: river_routing !! activate river routing
56	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(river_routing)
57	LOGICAL :: hydrol_cwrr !! activate 11 layers hydrolgy model
58	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(hydrol_cwrr)
59	LOGICAL, SAVE :: ok_nudge_mc !! Activate nudging of soil moisture
60	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_nudge_mc)
61	LOGICAL, SAVE :: ok_nudge_snow!! Activate nudging of snow variables
62	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_nudge_snow)
63	LOGICAL, SAVE :: nudge_interpol_with_xios !! Activate reading and interpolation with XIOS for nudging fields
64	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(nudge_interpol_with_xios)
65	LOGICAL :: do_floodplains !! activate flood plains
66	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(do_floodplains)
67	LOGICAL :: do_irrigation !! activate computation of irrigation flux
68	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(do_irrigation)
69	LOGICAL :: ok_sechiba !! activate physic of the model
70	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_sechiba)
71	LOGICAL :: ok_co2 !! activate photosynthesis
72	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_co2)
73	LOGICAL :: ok_stomate !! activate carbon cycle
74	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_stomate)
75	LOGICAL :: ok_ncycle !! activate nitrogen cycle (true/false)
76	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_ncycle)
77	LOGICAL :: ok_pcycle !! activate phosphorus cycle (true/false)
78	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_pcycle)
79	LOGICAL :: impose_cn !! impose the CN ratio of leaves (true/false)
80	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(impose_cn)
81	LOGICAL :: impose_np !! impose the NP ratio of leaves (true/false)
82	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(impose_np)
83	LOGICAL :: impose_cn_restart !! impose the CN ratio of leaves from restart (true/false)
84	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(impose_cn_restart)
85	LOGICAL :: impose_np_restart !! impose the NP ratio of leaves from restart (true/false)
86	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(impose_np_restart)
87	LOGICAL :: ok_dgvm !! activate dynamic vegetation
88	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_dgvm)
89	LOGICAL :: do_wood_harvest !! activate wood harvest
90	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(do_wood_harvest)
91	LOGICAL :: ok_pheno !! activate the calculation of lai using stomate rather than a prescription
92	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_pheno)
93	LOGICAL :: ok_bvoc !! activate biogenic volatile organic coumpounds
94	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_bvoc)
95	LOGICAL :: ok_leafage !! activate leafage
96	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_leafage)
97	LOGICAL :: ok_radcanopy !! use canopy radiative transfer model
98	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_radcanopy)
99	LOGICAL :: ok_multilayer !! use canopy radiative transfer model with multi-layers
100	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_multilayer)
101	LOGICAL :: ok_pulse_NOx !! calculate NOx emissions with pulse
102	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_pulse_NOx)
103	LOGICAL :: ok_bbgfertil_NOx !! calculate NOx emissions with bbg fertilizing effect
104	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_bbgfertil_NOx)
105	LOGICAL :: ok_cropsfertil_NOx !! calculate NOx emissions with fertilizers use
106	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_cropsfertil_NOx)
107
108	LOGICAL :: mass_conservation !! crash the model at any violation of mass conservation; at the moment the phenology and prescribe are not tested as they designed to violate mass
109	LOGICAL :: dsg_debug !! test mass conservation, negative biomass, and stoichiometry
110
111
112	LOGICAL :: ok_co2bvoc_poss !! CO2 inhibition on isoprene activated following Possell et al. (2005) model
113	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_co2bvoc_poss)
114	LOGICAL :: ok_co2bvoc_wilk !! CO2 inhibition on isoprene activated following Wilkinson et al. (2006) model
115	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_co2bvoc_wilk)
116
117	LOGICAL, SAVE :: OFF_LINE_MODE = .FALSE. !! ORCHIDEE detects if it is coupled with a GCM or
118	!! just use with one driver in OFF-LINE. (true/false)
119	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(OFF_LINE_MODE)
120	LOGICAL, SAVE :: impose_param = .TRUE. !! Flag impos_param : read all the parameters in the run.def file
121	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(impose_param)
122	CHARACTER(LEN=80), SAVE :: restname_in = 'NONE' !! Input Restart files name for Sechiba component
123	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(restname_in)
124	CHARACTER(LEN=80), SAVE :: restname_out = 'sechiba_rest_out.nc' !! Output Restart files name for Sechiba component
125	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(restname_out)
126	CHARACTER(LEN=80), SAVE :: stom_restname_in = 'NONE' !! Input Restart files name for Stomate component
127	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(stom_restname_in)
128	CHARACTER(LEN=80), SAVE :: stom_restname_out = 'stomate_rest_out.nc' !! Output Restart files name for Stomate component
129	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(stom_restname_out)
130	INTEGER, SAVE :: printlev=2 !! Standard level for text output [0, 1, 2, 3]
131	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(printlev)
132
133	!
134	! TIME
135	!
136	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: spring_days_max = 40 !! Maximum number of days during which we watch for possible spring frost damage
137	!
138	! SPECIAL VALUES
139	!
140	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: undef_int = 999999999 !! undef integer for integer arrays (unitless)
141	!-
142	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: val_exp = 999999. !! Specific value if no restart value (unitless)
143	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(val_exp)
144	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: undef = -9999. !! Special value for stomate (unitless)
145
146	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: min_sechiba = 1.E-8_r_std !! Epsilon to detect a near zero floating point (unitless)
147	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: undef_sechiba = 1.E+20_r_std !! The undef value used in SECHIBA (unitless)
148
149	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: min_stomate = 1.E-8_r_std !! Epsilon to detect a near zero floating point (unitless)
150	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: large_value = 1.E33_r_std !! some large value (for stomate) (unitless)
151
152	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: alpha_nudge_mc !! Nudging constant for soil moisture
153	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(alpha_nudge_mc)
154	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: alpha_nudge_snow !! Nudging constant for snow variables
155	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(alpha_nudge_snow)
156
157	!
158	! DIMENSIONING AND INDICES PARAMETERS
159	!
160	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ibare_sechiba = 1 !! Index for bare soil in Sechiba (unitless)
161	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ivis = 1 !! index for albedo in visible range (unitless)
162	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: inir = 2 !! index for albeod i near-infrared range (unitless)
163	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: nnobio = 1 !! Number of other surface types: land ice (lakes,cities, ...) (unitless)
164	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iice = 1 !! Index for land ice (see nnobio) (unitless)
165	!-
166	!! Soil
167	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: classnb = 9 !! Levels of soil colour classification (unitless)
168	!-
169	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: nleafages = 4 !! leaf age discretisation ( 1 = no discretisation )(unitless)
170	!-
171	!! litter fractions: indices (unitless)
172	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ileaf = 1 !! Index for leaf compartment (unitless)
173	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: isapabove = 2 !! Index for sapwood above compartment (unitless)
174	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: isapbelow = 3 !! Index for sapwood below compartment (unitless)
175	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iheartabove = 4 !! Index for heartwood above compartment (unitless)
176	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iheartbelow = 5 !! Index for heartwood below compartment (unitless)
177	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iroot = 6 !! Index for roots compartment (unitless)
178	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ifruit = 7 !! Index for fruits compartment (unitless)
179	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: icarbres = 8 !! Index for reserve compartment (unitless)
180	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ilabile = 9 !! Index for reserve compartment (unitless)
181	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: nparts = 9 !! Number of biomass compartments (unitless)
182	!-
183	!! indices for assimilation parameters
184	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ivcmax = 1 !! Index for vcmax (assimilation parameters) (unitless)
185	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: inue = 2 !! Index for nue (assimilationbn parameters) (unitless)
186	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ileafN = 3 !! Index for leaf N (assimilationbn parameters) (unitless)
187	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ijmax = 4 !! Index for jmax (assimilationbn parameters) (unitless)
188	!DSGpot
189	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ijmax_pot = 5 !! Index for potential jmax (assimilationbn parameters) (unitless)
190	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ivcmax_pot = 6 !! Index for potential vcmax (assimilationbn parameters) (unitless)
191	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: npco2 = 6 !! Number of assimilation parameters (unitless)
192	!DSGpot
193
194
195
196	!-
197	!! trees and litter: indices for the parts of heart-
198	!! and sapwood above and below the ground
199	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iabove = 1 !! Index for above part (unitless)
200	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ibelow = 2 !! Index for below part (unitless)
201	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: nlevs = 2 !! Number of levels for trees and litter (unitless)
202	!-
203	!! litter: indices for metabolic and structural part
204	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: imetabolic = 1 !! Index for metabolic litter (unitless)
205	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: istructural = 2 !! Index for structural litter (unitless)
206	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iwoody = 3 !! Index for woody litter (unitless)
207	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: nlitt = 3 !! Number of levels for litter compartments (unitless)
208	!-
209	!! carbon pools: indices
210	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iactive = 1 !! Index for active carbon pool (unitless)
211	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: islow = 2 !! Index for slow carbon pool (unitless)
212	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ipassive = 3 !! Index for passive carbon pool (unitless)
213	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: isurface = 4 !! Index for passive carbon pool (unitless)
214	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ncarb = 4 !! Number of soil carbon pools (unitless)
215	!-
216	!! For isotopes and nitrogen
217	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: nelements = 3 !! Number of isotopes considered
218	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: icarbon = 1 !! Index for carbon
219	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: initrogen = 2 !! Index for nitrogen
220	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iphosphorus = 3 !! Index for phosphorus
221
222	!! N-cycle : indices
223	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iammonium = 1 !! Index for Ammonium
224	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: initrate = 2 !! Index for Nitrate
225	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: inox = 3 !! Index for NOX
226	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: initrous = 4 !! Index for N2O
227	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: idinitro = 5 !! Index for N2
228	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: nionspec = 2 !! Number of ionics form considered (ammonium, nitrate)
229	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: nnspec = 5 !! Number of N-species considered
230
231	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iatm_ammo = 1 !! Index for N input from Ammonium N atmospheric deposition
232	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iatm_nitr = 2 !! Index for N input from Nitrate N atmospheric deposition
233	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ibnf = 3 !! Index for N input from BNF
234	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ninput = 3 !! Number of N-input considered
235
236	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: i_nh4_to_no3 = 1 !! Index for NO3-production reaction
237	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: i_nh4_to_no = 2 !! Index for NO -production reaction
238	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: i_nh4_to_n2o = 3 !! Index for N2O-production reaction
239
240	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: i_no3_to_n2 = 1 !! Index for NO3 consumption reaction
241	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: i_no3_to_nox = 2 !! Index for NO/Nox consumption reaction
242	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: i_no3_to_n2o = 3 !! Index for N2O consumption reaction
243
244	! INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: i_no3_to_nox = 1 !! Index for NO3 consumption reaction
245	! INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: i_nox_to_n2o = 2 !! Index for NO/Nox consumption reaction
246	! INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: i_n2o_to_n2 = 3 !! Index for N2O consumption reaction
247
248
249	!! P-cycle : indices
250
251	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ipdissolved = 1 !! Index for P in solution
252	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ipsorbed = 2 !! Index for "sorbed" P
253	! the following fractions are sinks of P on time scale < 10,000 yr
254	!-> no need to compute their dynamics for now (Goll et al. (2012)
255	! INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: issorbed = 3 !! Index for strongly sorbed P
256	! INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ioccluded = 4 !! Index for occluded P
257
258	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: npspec = 2 !! Number of P-species considered
259
260	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iatm_p = 1 !! Index for P input from atmospheric deposition
261	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iweat_p = 2 !! Index for P input from chemical weathering
262	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: pinput = 2 !! Number of P-input considered
263
264	!REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: frac_labile_dissolved = 0.0001 !! fraction of labile P dissolved in soil solution []
265	! !! value from Goll et al (2012)
266	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_sorbed = 54750. !! turnover time of P adsorbed to soil particles [days]
267	!! We choose 150yrs - estimates range from 25yr for Hawaii (Goll et al 2017) to 150yr (Wang et al 2010)
268	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: dissolved_init = .01 !! initial value of P in soil solution when not read in from restart [gP/m2]
269	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: labile_init = 2. !! initial value of labile when not read in from restart [gP/m2]; value from Yang et al (2013); Figure3 plus 50% more to account for labile organic
270
271
272
273	!
274	!! Indices used for analytical spin-up
275	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: nbpools = 10 !! Total number of carbon pools (unitless)
276	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: istructural_above = 1 !! Index for structural litter above (unitless)
277	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: istructural_below = 2 !! Index for structural litter below (unitless)
278	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: imetabolic_above = 3 !! Index for metabolic litter above (unitless)
279	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: imetabolic_below = 4 !! Index for metabolic litter below (unitless)
280	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iwoody_above = 5 !! Index for woody litter above (unitless)
281	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iwoody_below = 6 !! Index for woody litter below (unitless)
282	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iactive_pool = 7 !! Index for active carbon pool (unitless)
283	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: islow_pool = 8 !! Index for slow carbon pool (unitless)
284	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ipassive_pool = 9 !! Index for passive carbon pool (unitless)
285	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: isurface_pool = 10 !! Index for surface carbon pool (unitless)
286
287	! Enhanced Weathering
288	LOGICAL, SAVE :: enhanced_weat = .FALSE. !! Do we consider enhanced weathering
289	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(enhanced_weat)
290
291	LOGICAL, SAVE :: EW_force_stock = .FALSE. !! Do we force a fixed mineral stock size (instead of application rate)
292	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(EW_force_stock)
293
294
295	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: nminerals = 2 !! Number of different minerals considered (for now: basalt, forsterite)
296	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iforsterite = 1 !! Index for forsterite
297	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ibasalt = 2 !! Index for basalt
298
299	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: nECfluxes = 2 !! Number of different weathering fluxes
300	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ico2cons = 1 !! Index for CO2 consumption by EC
301	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iPrelease = 2 !! Index for P release from EC
302	!
303	! NUMERICAL AND PHYSICS CONSTANTS
304	!
305	!
306
307	!-
308	! 1. Mathematical and numerical constants
309	!-
310	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: pi = 3.141592653589793238 !! pi souce : http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Pi.html (unitless)
311	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: euler = 2.71828182845904523 !! e source : http://mathworld.wolfram.com/e.html (unitless)
312	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: zero = 0._r_std !! Numerical constant set to 0 (unitless)
313	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: undemi = 0.5_r_std !! Numerical constant set to 1/2 (unitless)
314	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: un = 1._r_std !! Numerical constant set to 1 (unitless)
315	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: moins_un = -1._r_std !! Numerical constant set to -1 (unitless)
316	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: deux = 2._r_std !! Numerical constant set to 2 (unitless)
317	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: trois = 3._r_std !! Numerical constant set to 3 (unitless)
318	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: quatre = 4._r_std !! Numerical constant set to 4 (unitless)
319	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: cinq = 5._r_std !![DISPENSABLE] Numerical constant set to 5 (unitless)
320	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: six = 6._r_std !![DISPENSABLE] Numerical constant set to 6 (unitless)
321	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: huit = 8._r_std !! Numerical constant set to 8 (unitless)
322	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: mille = 1000._r_std !! Numerical constant set to 1000 (unitless)
323
324	!-
325	! 2 . Physics
326	!-
327	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: R_Earth = 6378000. !! radius of the Earth : Earth radius ~= Equatorial radius (m)
328	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: mincos = 0.0001 !! Minimum cosine value used for interpolation (unitless)
329	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: pb_std = 1013. !! standard pressure (hPa)
330	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: ZeroCelsius = 273.15 !! 0 degre Celsius in degre Kelvin (K)
331	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: tp_00 = 273.15 !! 0 degre Celsius in degre Kelvin (K)
332	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: chalsu0 = 2.8345E06 !! Latent heat of sublimation (J.kg^{-1})
333	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: chalev0 = 2.5008E06 !! Latent heat of evaporation (J.kg^{-1})
334	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: chalfu0 = chalsu0-chalev0 !! Latent heat of fusion (J.kg^{-1})
335	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: c_stefan = 5.6697E-8 !! Stefan-Boltzman constant (W.m^{-2}.K^{-4})
336	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: cp_air = 1004.675 !! Specific heat of dry air (J.kg^{-1}.K^{-1})
337	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: cte_molr = 287.05 !! Specific constant of dry air (kg.mol^{-1})
338	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: kappa = cte_molr/cp_air !! Kappa : ratio between specific constant and specific heat
339	!! of dry air (unitless)
340	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: msmlr_air = 28.964E-03 !! Molecular weight of dry air (kg.mol^{-1})
341	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: msmlr_h2o = 18.02E-03 !! Molecular weight of water vapor (kg.mol^{-1})
342	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: cp_h2o = & !! Specific heat of water vapor (J.kg^{-1}.K^{-1})
343	& cp_air(quatremsmlr_air)/( 3.5_r_std*msmlr_h2o)
344	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: cte_molr_h2o = cte_molr/quatre !! Specific constant of water vapor (J.kg^{-1}.K^{-1})
345	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: retv = msmlr_air/msmlr_h2o-un !! Ratio between molecular weight of dry air and water
346	!! vapor minus 1(unitless)
347	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: rvtmp2 = cp_h2o/cp_air-un !! Ratio between specific heat of water vapor and dry air
348	!! minus 1 (unitless)
349	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: cepdu2 = (0.1_r_std)**2 !! Squared wind shear (m^2.s^{-2})
350	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: ct_karman = 0.41_r_std !! Van Karmann Constant (unitless)
351	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: cte_grav = 9.80665_r_std !! Acceleration of the gravity (m.s^{-2})
352	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: pa_par_hpa = 100._r_std !! Transform pascal into hectopascal (unitless)
353	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: RR = 8.314 !! Ideal gas constant (J.mol^{-1}.K^{-1})
354	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: Sct = 1370. !! Solar constant (W.m^{-2})
355
356
357	INTEGER(i_std), SAVE :: testpft = 6
358	!-
359	! 3. Climatic constants
360	!-
361	!! Constantes of the Louis scheme
362	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: cb = 5._r_std !! Constant of the Louis scheme (unitless);
363	!! reference to Louis (1979)
364	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(cb)
365	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: cc = 5._r_std !! Constant of the Louis scheme (unitless);
366	!! reference to Louis (1979)
367	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(cc)
368	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: cd = 5._r_std !! Constant of the Louis scheme (unitless);
369	!! reference to Louis (1979)
370	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(cd)
371	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: rayt_cste = 125. !! Constant in the computation of surface resistance (W.m^{-2})
372	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(rayt_cste)
373	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: defc_plus = 23.E-3 !! Constant in the computation of surface resistance (K.W^{-1})
374	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(defc_plus)
375	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: defc_mult = 1.5 !! Constant in the computation of surface resistance (K.W^{-1})
376	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(defc_mult)
377
378	!-
379	! 4. Soil thermodynamics constants
380	!-
381	! Look at constantes_soil.f90
382
383
384	!
385	! OPTIONAL PARTS OF THE MODEL
386	!
387	LOGICAL,PARAMETER :: diag_qsat = .TRUE. !! One of the most frequent problems is a temperature out of range
388	!! we provide here a way to catch that in the calling procedure.
389	!! (from Jan Polcher)(true/false)
390	LOGICAL, SAVE :: almaoutput =.FALSE. !! Selects the type of output for the model.(true/false)
391	!! Value is read from run.def in intersurf_history
392	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(almaoutput)
393
394	!
395	! DIVERSE
396	!
397	CHARACTER(LEN=100), SAVE :: stomate_forcing_name='NONE' !! NV080800 Name of STOMATE forcing file (unitless)
398	! Compatibility with Nicolas Viovy driver.
399	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(stomate_forcing_name)
400	CHARACTER(LEN=100), SAVE :: stomate_Cforcing_name='NONE' !! NV080800 Name of soil forcing file (unitless)
401	! Compatibility with Nicolas Viovy driver.
402	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(stomate_Cforcing_name)
403	INTEGER(i_std), SAVE :: forcing_id !! Index of the forcing file (unitless)
404	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(forcing_id)
405	LOGICAL, SAVE :: allow_forcing_write=.TRUE. !! Allow writing of stomate_forcing file.
406	!! This variable will be set to false for teststomate.
407
408
409
410	!------------------------!
411	! SECHIBA PARAMETERS !
412	!------------------------!
413
414
415	!
416	! GLOBAL PARAMETERS
417	!
418	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: min_wind = 0.1 !! The minimum wind (m.s^{-1})
419	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(min_wind)
420	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: snowcri = 1.5 !! Sets the amount above which only sublimation occures (kg.m^{-2})
421	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(snowcri)
422
423
424	!
425	! FLAGS ACTIVATING SUB-MODELS
426	!
427	LOGICAL, SAVE :: treat_expansion = .FALSE. !! Do we treat PFT expansion across a grid point after introduction? (true/false)
428	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(treat_expansion)
429	LOGICAL, SAVE :: ok_herbivores = .FALSE. !! flag to activate herbivores (true/false)
430	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_herbivores)
431	LOGICAL, SAVE :: harvest_agri = .TRUE. !! flag to harvest aboveground biomass from agricultural PFTs)(true/false)
432	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(harvest_agri)
433	LOGICAL, SAVE :: lpj_gap_const_mort !! constant moratlity (true/false). Default value depend on OK_DGVM.
434	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(lpj_gap_const_mort)
435	LOGICAL, SAVE :: disable_fire = .FALSE. !! flag that disable fire (true/false)
436	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(disable_fire)
437	LOGICAL, SAVE :: spinup_analytic = .FALSE. !! Flag to activate analytical resolution for spinup (true/false)
438	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(spinup_analytic)
439	LOGICAL, SAVE :: spinup_cnp = .FALSE. !! Flag to add nutrient in spinup simulations if immobilization exceeds nutrient supply
440	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(spinup_cnp)
441
442	LOGICAL, SAVE :: ok_explicitsnow !! Flag to activate explicit snow scheme instead of default snow scheme
443	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ok_explicitsnow)
444
445	!
446	! CONFIGURATION VEGETATION
447	!
448	LOGICAL, SAVE :: agriculture = .TRUE. !! allow agricultural PFTs (true/false)
449	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(agriculture)
450	LOGICAL, SAVE :: impveg = .FALSE. !! Impose vegetation ? (true/false)
451	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(impveg)
452	LOGICAL, SAVE :: impsoilt = .FALSE. !! Impose soil texture? (true/false)
453	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(impsoilt)
454	LOGICAL, SAVE :: impsoils = .FALSE. !! Impose soil order ? (true/false)
455	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(impsoils)
456	LOGICAL, SAVE :: impose_Ninput = .FALSE. !! Impose nutrient input values ? (true/false)
457	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(impose_Ninput)
458	! LOGICAL, SAVE :: impose_Pinput = .FALSE. !! Impose P input values ? (true/false)
459	!!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(impose_Pinput)
460	LOGICAL, SAVE :: read_pweat = .FALSE. !! Impose P weathering input from netcdf map ? (true/false)
461	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(read_pweat)
462	LOGICAL, SAVE :: impose_Nmap = .FALSE. !! Impose N/P input from netcdf map ? (true/false)
463	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(impose_Nmap)
464	LOGICAL, SAVE :: read_bnf = .FALSE. !! Impose N/P input from netcdf map ? (true/false)
465	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(read_bnf)
466	LOGICAL, SAVE :: do_now_stomate_lcchange = .FALSE. !! Time to call lcchange in stomate_lpj
467	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(do_now_stomate_lcchange)
468	LOGICAL, SAVE :: do_now_stomate_woodharvest = .FALSE. !! Time to call woodharvest in stomate_lpj
469	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(do_now_stomate_woodharvest)
470	LOGICAL, SAVE :: done_stomate_lcchange = .FALSE. !! If true, call lcchange in stomate_lpj has just been done.
471	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(done_stomate_lcchange)
472	LOGICAL, SAVE :: read_lai = .FALSE. !! Flag to read a map of LAI if STOMATE is not activated (true/false)
473	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(read_lai)
474	LOGICAL, SAVE :: map_pft_format = .TRUE. !! Read a land use vegetation map on PFT format (true/false)
475	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(map_pft_format)
476	LOGICAL, SAVE :: veget_reinit = .TRUE. !! To change LAND USE file in a run. (true/false)
477	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(veget_reinit)
478	LOGICAL, SAVE :: ninput_reinit = .TRUE. !! To change N INPUT file in a run. (true/false)
479	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ninput_reinit)
480	LOGICAL, SAVE :: allow_agri_fert = .FALSE. !! To read N P fertilization file in a run. (true/false)
481	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(allow_agri_fert)
482	!
483	! PARAMETERS USED BY BOTH HYDROLOGY MODELS
484	!
485	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: max_snow_age = 50._r_std !! Maximum period of snow aging (days)
486	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(max_snow_age)
487	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: snow_trans = 0.2_r_std !! Transformation time constant for snow (m), reduced from the value 0.3 (04/07/2016)
488	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(snow_trans)
489	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: sneige !! Lower limit of snow amount (kg.m^{-2})
490	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(sneige)
491	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: maxmass_snow = 3000. !! The maximum mass of snow (kg.m^{-2})
492	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(maxmass_snow)
493
494	!! Heat capacity
495	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: capa_ice = 2.228*1.E3 !! Heat capacity of ice (J/kg/K)
496	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: so_capa_ice !! Heat capacity of saturated frozen soil (J/K/m3)
497	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(so_capa_ice)
498	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: rho_water = 1000. !! Density of water (kg/m3)
499	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: rho_ice = 920. !! Density of ice (kg/m3)
500
501	!! Thermal conductivities
502	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: cond_water = 0.6 !! Thermal conductivity of liquid water (W/m/K)
503	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: cond_ice = 2.2 !! Thermal conductivity of ice (W/m/K)
504	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: cond_solid = 2.32 !! Thermal conductivity of mineral soil particles (W/m/K)
505
506	!! Time constant of long-term soil humidity (s)
507	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: lhf = 0.3336*1.E6 !! Latent heat of fusion (J/kg)
508
509	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: nsnow=3 !! Number of levels in the snow for explicit snow scheme
510	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: XMD = 28.9644E-3
511	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: XBOLTZ = 1.380658E-23
512	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: XAVOGADRO = 6.0221367E+23
513	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: XRD = XAVOGADRO * XBOLTZ / XMD
514	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: XCPD = 7.* XRD /2.
515	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: phigeoth = 0.057 ! 0. DKtest
516	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: thick_min_snow = .01
517
518	!! The maximum snow density and water holding characterisicts
519	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: xrhosmax = 750. ! (kg m-3)
520	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: xwsnowholdmax1 = 0.03 ! (-)
521	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: xwsnowholdmax2 = 0.10 ! (-)
522	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: xsnowrhohold = 200.0 ! (kg/m3)
523	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: xrhosmin = 50.
524	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: xci = 2.106e+3
525	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: xrv = 6.0221367e+23 * 1.380658e-23 /18.0153e-3
526
527	!! ISBA-ES Critical snow depth at which snow grid thicknesses constant
528	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: xsnowcritd = 0.03 ! (m)
529
530	!! The threshold of snow depth used for preventing numerical problem in thermal calculations
531	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: snowcritd_thermal = 0.01 ! (m)
532
533	!! ISBA-ES CROCUS (Pahaut 1976): snowfall density coefficients:
534	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: snowfall_a_sn = 109.0 !! (kg/m3)
535	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: snowfall_b_sn = 6.0 !! (kg/m3/K)
536	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: snowfall_c_sn = 26.0 !! [kg/(m7/2 s1/2)]
537
538	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: dgrain_new_max= 2.0e-4!! (m) : Maximum grain size of new snowfall
539
540	!! Used in explicitsnow to prevent numerical problems as snow becomes vanishingly thin.
541	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: psnowdzmin = .0001 ! m
542	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: xsnowdmin = .000001 ! m
543
544	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: ph2o = 1000. !! Water density [kg/m3]
545
546	! ISBA-ES Thermal conductivity coefficients from Anderson (1976):
547	! see Boone, Meteo-France/CNRM Note de Centre No. 70 (2002)
548	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ZSNOWTHRMCOND1 = 0.02 ! [W/m/K]
549	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ZSNOWTHRMCOND2 = 2.5E-6 ! [W m5/(kg2 K)]
550
551	! ISBA-ES Thermal conductivity: Implicit vapor diffn effects
552	! (sig only for new snow OR high altitudes)
553	! from Sun et al. (1999): based on data from Jordan (1991)
554	! see Boone, Meteo-France/CNRM Note de Centre No. 70 (2002)
555	!
556	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ZSNOWTHRMCOND_AVAP = -0.06023 ! (W/m/K)
557	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ZSNOWTHRMCOND_BVAP = -2.5425 ! (W/m)
558	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ZSNOWTHRMCOND_CVAP = -289.99 ! (K)
559
560	REAL(r_std),SAVE :: xansmax = 0.85 !! Maxmimum snow albedo
561	REAL(r_std),SAVE :: xansmin = 0.50 !! Miniumum snow albedo
562	REAL(r_std),SAVE :: xans_todry = 0.008 !! Albedo decay rate for dry snow
563	REAL(r_std),SAVE :: xans_t = 0.240 !! Albedo decay rate for wet snow
564
565	! ISBA-ES Thermal conductivity coefficients from Anderson (1976):
566	! see Boone, Meteo-France/CNRM Note de Centre No. 70 (2002)
567	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: XP00 = 1.E5
568
569	! ISBA-ES Thermal conductivity: Implicit vapor diffn effects
570	! (sig only for new snow OR high altitudes)
571	! from Sun et al. (1999): based on data from Jordan (1991)
572	! see Boone, Meteo-France/CNRM Note de Centre No. 70 (2002)
573	!
574	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ZSNOWCMPCT_RHOD = 150.0 !! (kg/m3)
575	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ZSNOWCMPCT_ACM = 2.8e-6 !! (1/s)
576	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ZSNOWCMPCT_BCM = 0.04 !! (1/K)
577	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ZSNOWCMPCT_CCM = 460. !! (m3/kg)
578	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ZSNOWCMPCT_V0 = 3.7e7 !! (Pa/s)
579	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ZSNOWCMPCT_VT = 0.081 !! (1/K)
580	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ZSNOWCMPCT_VR = 0.018 !! (m3/kg)
581
582	!
583	! BVOC : Biogenic activity for each age class
584	!
585	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(nleafages) :: iso_activity = (/0.5, 1.5, 1.5, 0.5/) !! Biogenic activity for each
586	!! age class : isoprene (unitless)
587	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(iso_activity)
588	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(nleafages) :: methanol_activity = (/1., 1., 0.5, 0.5/) !! Biogenic activity for each
589	!! age class : methanol (unnitless)
590	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(methanol_activity)
591
592	!
593	! condveg.f90
594	!
595
596	! 1. Scalar
597
598	! 1.1 Flags used inside the module
599
600	LOGICAL, SAVE :: alb_bare_model = .FALSE. !! Switch for choosing values of bare soil
601	!! albedo (see header of subroutine)
602	!! (true/false)
603	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(alb_bare_model)
604	LOGICAL, SAVE :: alb_bg_modis = .FALSE. !! Switch for choosing values of bare soil
605	!! albedo read from file
606	!! (true/false)
607	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(alb_bg_modis)
608	LOGICAL, SAVE :: impaze = .FALSE. !! Switch for choosing surface parameters
609	!! (see header of subroutine).
610	!! (true/false)
611	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(impaze)
612	LOGICAL, SAVE :: rough_dyn = .FALSE. !! Chooses between two methods to calculate the
613	!! the roughness height : static or dynamic (varying with LAI)
614	!! (true/false)
615	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(rough_dyn)
616
617	LOGICAL, SAVE :: new_watstress = .FALSE.
618	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(new_watstress)
619
620	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: alpha_watstress = 1.
621	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(alpha_watstress)
622
623	! 1.2 Others
624
625
626	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: height_displacement = 0.66 !! Factor to calculate the zero-plane displacement
627	!! height from vegetation height (m)
628	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(height_displacement)
629	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: z0_bare = 0.01 !! bare soil roughness length (m)
630	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(z0_bare)
631	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: z0_ice = 0.001 !! ice roughness length (m)
632	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(z0_ice)
633	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tcst_snowa = 3.0 !! Time constant of the albedo decay of snow (days), increased from the value 5.0 (04/07/2016)
634	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tcst_snowa)
635	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: snowcri_alb = 10. !! Critical value for computation of snow albedo (cm)
636	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(snowcri_alb)
637	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fixed_snow_albedo = undef_sechiba !! To choose a fixed snow albedo value (unitless)
638	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fixed_snow_albedo)
639	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: z0_scal = 0.15 !! Surface roughness height imposed (m)
640	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(z0_scal)
641	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: roughheight_scal = zero !! Effective roughness Height depending on zero-plane
642	!! displacement height (m) (imposed)
643	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(roughheight_scal)
644	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: emis_scal = 1.0 !! Surface emissivity imposed (unitless)
645	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(emis_scal)
646
647	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: c1 = 0.32 !! Constant used in the formulation of the ratio of
648	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(c1) !! friction velocity to the wind speed at the canopy top
649	!! see Ershadi et al. (2015) for more info
650	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: c2 = 0.264 !! Constant used in the formulation of the ratio of
651	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(c2) !! friction velocity to the wind speed at the canopy top
652	!! see Ershadi et al. (2015) for more info
653	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: c3 = 15.1 !! Constant used in the formulation of the ratio of
654	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(c3) !! friction velocity to the wind speed at the canopy top
655	!! see Ershadi et al. (2015) for more info
656	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: Cdrag_foliage = 0.2 !! Drag coefficient of the foliage
657	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(Cdrag_foliage) !! See Ershadi et al. (2015) and Su et. al (2001) for more info
658	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: Ct = 0.01 !! Heat transfer coefficient of the leaf
659	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(Ct) !! See Ershadi et al. (2015) and Su et. al (2001) for more info
660	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: Prandtl = 0.71 !! Prandtl number used in the calculation of Ct_star
661	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(Prandtl) !! See Su et. al (2001) for more info
662
663
664
665	! 2. Arrays
666
667	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(2) :: alb_deadleaf = (/ .12, .35/) !! albedo of dead leaves, VIS+NIR (unitless)
668	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(alb_deadleaf)
669	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(2) :: alb_ice = (/ .60, .20/) !! albedo of ice, VIS+NIR (unitless)
670	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(alb_ice)
671	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(2) :: albedo_scal = (/ 0.25, 0.25 /) !! Albedo values for visible and near-infrared
672	!! used imposed (unitless)
673	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(albedo_scal)
674	REAL(r_std) , SAVE, DIMENSION(classnb) :: vis_dry = (/0.24,&
675	&0.22, 0.20, 0.18, 0.16, 0.14, 0.12, 0.10, 0.27/) !! Soil albedo values to soil colour classification:
676	!! dry soil albedo values in visible range
677	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(vis_dry)
678	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(classnb) :: nir_dry = (/0.48,&
679	&0.44, 0.40, 0.36, 0.32, 0.28, 0.24, 0.20, 0.55/) !! Soil albedo values to soil colour classification:
680	!! dry soil albedo values in near-infrared range
681	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(nir_dry)
682	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(classnb) :: vis_wet = (/0.12,&
683	&0.11, 0.10, 0.09, 0.08, 0.07, 0.06, 0.05, 0.15/) !! Soil albedo values to soil colour classification:
684	!! wet soil albedo values in visible range
685	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(vis_wet)
686	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(classnb) :: nir_wet = (/0.24,&
687	&0.22, 0.20, 0.18, 0.16, 0.14, 0.12, 0.10, 0.31/) !! Soil albedo values to soil colour classification:
688	!! wet soil albedo values in near-infrared range
689	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(nir_wet)
690	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(classnb) :: albsoil_vis = (/ &
691	&0.18, 0.16, 0.16, 0.15, 0.12, 0.105, 0.09, 0.075, 0.25/) !! Soil albedo values to soil colour classification:
692	!! Averaged of wet and dry soil albedo values
693	!! in visible and near-infrared range
694	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(albsoil_vis)
695	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(classnb) :: albsoil_nir = (/ &
696	&0.36, 0.34, 0.34, 0.33, 0.30, 0.25, 0.20, 0.15, 0.45/) !! Soil albedo values to soil colour classification:
697	!! Averaged of wet and dry soil albedo values
698	!! in visible and near-infrared range
699	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(albsoil_nir)
700
701	!
702	! diffuco.f90
703	!
704
705	! 0. Constants
706
707	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: Tetens_1 = 0.622 !! Ratio between molecular weight of water vapor and molecular weight
708	!! of dry air (unitless)
709	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: Tetens_2 = 0.378 !!
710	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: ratio_H2O_to_CO2 = 1.6 !! Ratio of water vapor diffusivity to the CO2 diffusivity (unitless)
711	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: mol_to_m_1 = 0.0244 !!
712	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: RG_to_PAR = 0.5 !!
713	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: W_to_mol = 4.6 !! W_to_mmol * RG_to_PAR = 2.3
714
715	! 1. Scalar
716
717	INTEGER(i_std), SAVE :: nlai = 20 !! Number of LAI levels (unitless)
718	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(nlai)
719	LOGICAL, SAVE :: ldq_cdrag_from_gcm = .FALSE. !! Set to .TRUE. if you want q_cdrag coming from GCM
720	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ldq_cdrag_from_gcm)
721	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: laimax = 12. !! Maximal LAI used for splitting LAI into N layers (m^2.m^{-2})
722	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(laimax)
723	LOGICAL, SAVE :: downregulation_co2 = .FALSE. !! Set to .TRUE. if you want CO2 downregulation.
724	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(downregulation_co2)
725	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: downregulation_co2_baselevel = 280. !! CO2 base level (ppm)
726	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(downregulation_co2_baselevel)
727
728	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: gb_ref = 1./25. !! Leaf bulk boundary layer resistance (s m-1)
729
730	! 3. Coefficients of equations
731
732	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: lai_level_depth = 0.15 !!
733	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(lai_level_depth)
734	!
735	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(6) :: dew_veg_poly_coeff = & !! coefficients of the 5 degree polynomomial used
736	& (/ 0.887773, 0.205673, 0.110112, 0.014843, 0.000824, 0.000017 /) !! in the equation of coeff_dew_veg
737	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(dew_veg_poly_coeff)
738	!
739	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: Oi=210000. !! Intercellular oxygen partial pressure (ubar)
740	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(Oi)
741	!
742	! slowproc.f90
743	!
744
745	! 1. Scalar
746
747	INTEGER(i_std), SAVE :: veget_year_orig = 0 !! first year for landuse (number)
748	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(veget_year_orig)
749	INTEGER(i_std), SAVE :: ninput_year_orig = 0 !! first year for N inputs (number)
750	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ninput_year_orig)
751	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: clayfraction_default = 0.2 !! Default value for clay fraction (0-1, unitless)
752	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(clayfraction_default)
753	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: siltfraction_default = 0.5 !! Default value for silt fraction (0-1, unitless)
754	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(siltfraction_default)
755	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: bulk_default = 1000 !! Default value for bulk density of soil (kg/m3) DSG: value and units are consistent
756	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(bulk_default)
757	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ph_default = 5.5 !! Default value for pH of soil (-)
758	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ph_default)
759	REAL(r_std), SAVE , DIMENSION(3) :: p_input_default = (/ 0.0 , 0.0 ,0.0 /) !! DEfault value for P input [g/m/yr]
760	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(p_input_default)
761	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: min_vegfrac = 0.001 !! Minimal fraction of mesh a vegetation type can occupy (0-1, unitless)
762	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(min_vegfrac)
763	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_nobio_fixed_test_1 = 0.0 !! Value for frac_nobio for tests in 0-dim simulations (0-1, unitless)
764	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_nobio_fixed_test_1)
765
766	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: stempdiag_bid = 280. !! only needed for an initial LAI if there is no restart file
767	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(stempdiag_bid)
768
769
770	!-----------------------------!
771	! STOMATE AND LPJ PARAMETERS !
772	!-----------------------------!
773
774
775	!
776	! lpj_constraints.f90
777	!
778
779	! 1. Scalar
780
781	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: too_long = 5. !! longest sustainable time without
782	!! regeneration (vernalization) (years)
783	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(too_long)
784
785
786	!
787	! lpj_establish.f90
788	!
789
790	! 1. Scalar
791
792	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: estab_max_tree = 0.12 !! Maximum tree establishment rate (ind/m2/dt_stomate)
793	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(estab_max_tree)
794	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: estab_max_grass = 0.12 !! Maximum grass establishment rate (ind/m2/dt_stomate)
795	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(estab_max_grass)
796
797	! 3. Coefficients of equations
798
799	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: establish_scal_fact = 5. !!
800	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(establish_scal_fact)
801	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: max_tree_coverage = 0.98 !! (0-1, unitless)
802	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(max_tree_coverage)
803	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ind_0_estab = 0.2 !! = ind_0 * 10.
804	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ind_0_estab)
805
806
807	!
808	! lpj_fire.f90
809	!
810
811	! 1. Scalar
812
813	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_fire = 30. !! Time scale for memory of the fire index (days).
814	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tau_fire)
815	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: litter_crit = 200. !! Critical litter quantity for fire
816	!! below which iginitions extinguish
817	!! @tex $(gC m^{-2})$ @endtex
818	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(litter_crit)
819	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fire_resist_lignin = 0.5 !!
820	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fire_resist_lignin)
821	! 2. Arrays
822
823	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(nparts) :: co2frac = & !! The fraction of the different biomass
824	& (/ .95, .95, 0., 0.3, 0., 0., .95, .95, .95 /) !! compartments emitted to the atmosphere
825	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(co2frac) !! when burned (unitless, 0-1)
826
827	! 3. Coefficients of equations
828
829	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(3) :: bcfrac_coeff = (/ .3, 1.3, 88.2 /) !! (unitless)
830	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(bcfrac_coeff)
831	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(4) :: firefrac_coeff = (/ 0.45, 0.8, 0.6, 0.13 /) !! (unitless)
832	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(firefrac_coeff)
833
834	!
835	! lpj_gap.f90
836	!
837
838	! 1. Scalar
839
840	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ref_greff = 0.035 !! Asymptotic maximum mortality rate
841	!! @tex $(year^{-1})$ @endtex
842	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ref_greff)
843
844	!
845	! lpj_light.f90
846	!
847
848	! 1. Scalar
849
850	LOGICAL, SAVE :: annual_increase = .TRUE. !! for diagnosis of fpc increase, compare today's fpc to last year's maximum (T) or
851	!! to fpc of last time step (F)? (true/false)
852	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(annual_increase)
853	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: min_cover = 0.05 !! For trees, minimum fraction of crown area occupied
854	!! (due to its branches etc.) (0-1, unitless)
855	!! This means that only a small fraction of its crown area
856	!! can be invaded by other trees.
857	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(min_cover)
858	!
859	! lpj_pftinout.f90
860	!
861
862	! 1. Scalar
863
864	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: min_avail = 0.01 !! minimum availability
865	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(min_avail)
866	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ind_0 = 0.02 !! initial density of individuals
867	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ind_0)
868	! 3. Coefficients of equations
869
870	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: RIP_time_min = 1.25 !! test whether the PFT has been eliminated lately (years)
871	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(RIP_time_min)
872	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: npp_longterm_init = 10. !! Initialisation value for npp_longterm (gC.m^{-2}.year^{-1})
873	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(npp_longterm_init)
874	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: everywhere_init = 0.05 !!
875	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(everywhere_init)
876
877
878
879
880	!
881	! stomate_data.f90
882	!
883
884	! 1. Scalar
885
886	! 1.2 climatic parameters
887
888	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: precip_crit = 100. !! minimum precip, in (mm/year)
889	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(precip_crit)
890	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: gdd_crit_estab = 150. !! minimum gdd for establishment of saplings
891	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(gdd_crit_estab)
892	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fpc_crit = 0.95 !! critical fpc, needed for light competition and establishment (0-1, unitless)
893	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fpc_crit)
894
895	! 1.3 sapling characteristics
896
897	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: alpha_grass = 0.5 !! alpha coefficient for grasses (unitless)
898	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(alpha_grass)
899	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: alpha_tree = 1. !! alpha coefficient for trees (unitless)
900	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(alpha_tree)
901	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: struct_to_leaves = 0.05 !! Fraction of structural carbon in grass and crops as a share of the leaf
902	!! carbon pool. Only used for grasses and crops (thus NOT for trees)
903	!! (unitless)
904	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(struct_to_leaves)
905
906	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: labile_to_total = 0.01 !! Fraction of the labile pool in trees, grasses and crops as a share of the
907	!! total carbon pool (accounting for the N-content of the different tissues).
908	!! (unitless)
909	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(labile_to_total)
910
911
912
913	! 1.4 time scales for phenology and other processes (in days)
914	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_hum_month = 20. !! (days)
915	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tau_hum_month)
916	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_hum_week = 7. !! (days)
917	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tau_hum_week)
918	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_t2m_month = 20. !! (days)
919	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tau_t2m_month)
920	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_t2m_week = 7. !! (days)
921	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tau_t2m_week)
922	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_tsoil_month = 20. !! (days)
923	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tau_tsoil_month)
924	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_soilhum_month = 20. !! (days)
925	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tau_soilhum_month)
926	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_gpp_week = 7. !! (days)
927	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tau_gpp_week)
928	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_gdd = 40. !! (days)
929	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tau_gdd)
930	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_ngd = 50. !! (days)
931	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tau_ngd)
932	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: coeff_tau_longterm = 3. !! (unitless)
933	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(coeff_tau_longterm)
934	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_longterm_max !! (days)
935	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tau_longterm_max)
936
937	! 3. Coefficients of equations
938
939	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: bm_sapl_carbres = 5. !!
940	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(bm_sapl_carbres)
941	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: bm_sapl_labile = 5. !!
942	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(bm_sapl_carbres)
943	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: bm_sapl_sapabove = 0.5 !!
944	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(bm_sapl_sapabove)
945	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: bm_sapl_heartabove = 2. !!
946	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(bm_sapl_heartabove)
947	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: bm_sapl_heartbelow = 2. !!
948	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(bm_sapl_heartbelow)
949	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: init_sapl_mass_leaf_nat = 0.1 !!
950	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(init_sapl_mass_leaf_nat)
951	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: init_sapl_mass_leaf_agri = 1. !!
952	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(init_sapl_mass_leaf_agri)
953	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: init_sapl_mass_carbres = 5. !!
954	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(init_sapl_mass_carbres)
955	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: init_sapl_mass_labile = 5. !!
956	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(init_sapl_mass_carbres)
957	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: init_sapl_mass_root = 0.1 !!
958	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(init_sapl_mass_root)
959	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: init_sapl_mass_fruit = 0.3 !!
960	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(init_sapl_mass_fruit)
961	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: cn_sapl_init = 0.5 !!
962	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(cn_sapl_init)
963	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: migrate_tree = 10.*1.E3 !!
964	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(migrate_tree)
965	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: migrate_grass = 10.*1.E3 !!
966	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(migrate_grass)
967	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: lai_initmin_tree = 0.3 !!
968	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(lai_initmin_tree)
969	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: lai_initmin_grass = 0.1 !!
970	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(lai_initmin_grass)
971	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(2) :: dia_coeff = (/ 4., 0.5 /) !!
972	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(dia_coeff)
973	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(2) :: maxdia_coeff =(/ 100., 0.01/) !!
974	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(maxdia_coeff)
975	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(4) :: bm_sapl_leaf = (/ 4., 4., 0.8, 5./) !!
976	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(bm_sapl_leaf)
977
978
979	!
980	! stomate_litter.f90
981	!
982
983	! 0. Constants
984
985	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: Q10 = 10. !!
986
987	! 1. Scalar
988
989	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: z_decomp = 0.2 !! Maximum depth for soil decomposer's activity (m)
990	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(z_decomp)
991
992	! 2. Arrays
993
994	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_soil_struct_aa = 0.55 !! corresponding to frac_soil(istructural,iactive,iabove)
995	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_soil_struct_aa)
996	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_soil_struct_sua = 0.4 !! corresponding to frac_soil(istructural,isurface,iabove)
997	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_soil_struct_sua)
998	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_soil_struct_ab = 0.45 !! corresponding to frac_soil(istructural,iactive,ibelow)
999	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_soil_struct_ab)
1000	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_soil_struct_sa = 0.7 !! corresponding to frac_soil(istructural,islow,iabove)
1001	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_soil_struct_sa)
1002	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_soil_struct_sb = 0.7 !! corresponding to frac_soil(istructural,islow,ibelow)
1003	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_soil_struct_sb)
1004	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_soil_metab_aa = 0.45 !! corresponding to frac_soil(imetabolic,iactive,iabove)
1005	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_soil_metab_aa)
1006	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_soil_metab_sua = 0.4 !! corresponding to frac_soil(imetabolic,iactive,iabove)
1007	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_soil_metab_sua)
1008	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_soil_metab_ab = 0.45 !! corresponding to frac_soil(imetabolic,iactive,ibelow)
1009	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_soil_metab_ab)
1010	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(nparts) :: CN_fix = &!! C/N ratio of each plant pool (0-100, unitless)
1011	& (/ 40., 40., 40., 40., 40., 40., 40., 40., 40./)
1012	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(CN_fix)
1013
1014	! 3. Coefficients of equations
1015
1016	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: metabolic_ref_frac = 0.85 !! used by litter and soilcarbon (0-1, unitless)
1017	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(metabolic_ref_frac)
1018	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: metabolic_LN_ratio = 0.018 !! (0-1, unitless)
1019	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(metabolic_LN_ratio)
1020	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_metabolic = 0.066 !!
1021	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tau_metabolic)
1022	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_struct = 0.245 !!
1023	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tau_struct)
1024	! Turnover rate (yr-1) - From Parton et al., 1993
1025	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: turn_metabolic = 15 !!
1026	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(turn_metabolic)
1027	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: turn_struct = 4 !!
1028	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(turn_struct)
1029	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: turn_woody = 1.33 !! from DOFOCO
1030	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(turn_woody)
1031	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: soil_Q10 = 0.69 !!= ln 2
1032	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(soil_Q10)
1033	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tsoil_ref = 30. !!
1034	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tsoil_ref)
1035	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: litter_struct_coef = 3. !!
1036	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(litter_struct_coef)
1037	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(3) :: moist_coeff = (/ 1.1, 2.4, 0.29 /) !!
1038	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(moist_coeff)
1039	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: moistcont_min = 0.25 !! minimum soil wetness to limit the heterotrophic respiration
1040	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(moistcont_min)
1041
1042
1043	!
1044	! stomate_lpj.f90
1045	!
1046
1047	! 1. Scalar
1048
1049	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_turnover_daily = 0.55 !! (0-1, unitless)
1050	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_turnover_daily)
1051
1052
1053	!
1054	! stomate_npp.f90
1055	!
1056
1057	! 1. Scalar
1058
1059	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tax_max = 0.8 !! Maximum fraction of allocatable biomass used
1060	!! for maintenance respiration (0-1, unitless)
1061	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tax_max)
1062
1063
1064	!
1065	! stomate_phenology.f90
1066	!
1067
1068	! 1. Scalar
1069
1070	LOGICAL, SAVE :: always_init = .FALSE. !! take carbon from atmosphere if carbohydrate reserve too small? (true/false)
1071	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(always_init)
1072	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: min_growthinit_time = 300. !! minimum time since last beginning of a growing season (days)
1073	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(min_growthinit_time)
1074	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: moiavail_always_tree = 0.8 !! moisture monthly availability above which moisture tendency doesn't matter
1075	!! - for trees (0-1, unitless)
1076	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(moiavail_always_tree)
1077	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: moiavail_always_grass = 0.4 !! moisture monthly availability above which moisture tendency doesn't matter
1078	!! - for grass (0-1, unitless)
1079	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(moiavail_always_grass)
1080	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: t_always !! monthly temp. above which temp. tendency doesn't matter
1081	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(t_always)
1082	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: t_always_add = 10. !! monthly temp. above which temp. tendency doesn't matter (C)
1083	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(t_always_add)
1084
1085	! 3. Coefficients of equations
1086
1087	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: gddncd_ref = 603. !!
1088	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(gddncd_ref)
1089	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: gddncd_curve = 0.0091 !!
1090	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(gddncd_curve)
1091	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: gddncd_offset = 64. !!
1092	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(gddncd_offset)
1093
1094
1095	!
1096	! stomate_prescribe.f90
1097	!
1098
1099	! 3. Coefficients of equations
1100
1101	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: bm_sapl_rescale = 40. !!
1102	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(bm_sapl_rescale)
1103
1104
1105	!
1106	! stomate_resp.f90
1107	!
1108
1109	! 3. Coefficients of equations
1110
1111	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: maint_resp_min_vmax = 0.3 !!
1112	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(maint_resp_min_vmax)
1113	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: maint_resp_coeff = 1.4 !!
1114	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(maint_resp_coeff)
1115
1116
1117	!
1118	! stomate_som_dynamics.f90 (in stomate_soilcarbon.f90)
1119	!
1120
1121	! 2. Arrays
1122
1123	! 2.1 frac_carb_coefficients
1124
1125	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_carb_ap = 0.004 !! from active pool: depends on clay content (0-1, unitless)
1126	!! corresponding to frac_carb(:,iactive,ipassive)
1127	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_carb_ap)
1128	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_carb_sa = 0.42 !! from slow pool (0-1, unitless)
1129	!! corresponding to frac_carb(:,islow,iactive)
1130	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_carb_sa)
1131	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_carb_sp = 0.03 !! from slow pool (0-1, unitless)
1132	!! corresponding to frac_carb(:,islow,ipassive)
1133	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_carb_sp)
1134	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_carb_pa = 0.45 !! from passive pool (0-1, unitless)
1135	!! corresponding to frac_carb(:,ipassive,iactive)
1136	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_carb_pa)
1137	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: frac_carb_ps = 0.0 !! from passive pool (0-1, unitless)
1138	!! corresponding to frac_carb(:,ipassive,islow)
1139	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(frac_carb_ps)
1140
1141	! 2.1 Fixed fraction from one pool to another (or to CO2 emission)
1142
1143	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: active_to_pass_ref_frac = 0.003 !! from active pool: depends on clay content (0-1, unitless)
1144	!! corresponding to frac_carb(:,iactive,ipassive)
1145	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: surf_to_slow_ref_frac = 0.4 !! from surface pool
1146	!! corresponding to frac_carb(:,isurf,islow)
1147	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: active_to_CO2_ref_frac = 0.85 !! from active pool: depends on clay content (0-1, unitless)
1148	!! corresponding to frac_resp(:,iactive)
1149	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(active_to_CO2_ref_frac)
1150	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: slow_to_pass_ref_frac = 0.003 !! from slow pool: depends on clay content (0-1, unitless)
1151	!! corresponding to frac_carb(:,islow,ipassive)
1152	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(slow_to_pass_ref_frac)
1153	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: slow_to_CO2_ref_frac = 0.55 !! from slow pool (0-1, unitless)
1154	!! corresponding to frac_resp(:,islow)
1155	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(slow_to_CO2_ref_frac)
1156	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: pass_to_active_ref_frac = 0.45 !! from passive pool (0-1, unitless)
1157	!! corresponding to frac_carb(:,ipassive,iactive)
1158	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(pass_to_active_ref_frac)
1159	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: pass_to_slow_ref_frac = 0.0 !! from passive pool (0-1, unitless)
1160	!! corresponding to frac_carb(:,ipassive,islow)
1161	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(pass_to_slow_ref_frac)
1162
1163	! 3. Define Variable fraction from one pool to another (function of silt and clay fraction)
1164	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: active_to_pass_clay_frac = 0.032
1165	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(active_to_pass_clay_frac)
1166	!! residence times in carbon pools (days)
1167	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: carbon_tau_iactive = 0.149 !! residence times in active pool (days)
1168	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(carbon_tau_iactive)
1169	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: carbon_tau_islow = 5.48 !! residence times in slow pool (days)
1170	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(carbon_tau_islow)
1171	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: carbon_tau_ipassive = 241. !! residence times in passive pool (days) !DSG: years?
1172	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(carbon_tau_ipassive)
1173	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(3) :: flux_tot_coeff = (/ 1.2, 1.4, .75/)
1174	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(flux_tot_coeff)
1175	!! residence times in carbon pools (days)
1176
1177	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: active_to_CO2_clay_silt_frac = 0.68
1178	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(active_to_pass_clay_frac)
1179	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: slow_to_pass_clay_frac = -0.009
1180	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(slow_to_pass_clay_frac)
1181
1182	! C to N target ratios of differnt pools
1183	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: CN_target_iactive_ref = 15. !! CN target ratio of active pool for soil min N = 0
1184	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: CN_target_islow_ref = 20. !! CN target ratio of slow pool for soil min N = 0
1185	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: CN_target_ipassive_ref = 10. !! CN target ratio of passive pool for soil min N = 0
1186	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: CN_target_isurface_ref = 20. !! CN target ratio of surface pool for litter nitrogen content = 0
1187
1188	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: CN_target_iactive_Nmin = -6. !! CN target ratio change per mineral N unit (g m-2) for active pool
1189	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: CN_target_islow_Nmin = -4. !! CN target ratio change per mineral N unit (g m-2) for slow pool
1190	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: CN_target_ipassive_Nmin = -1.5 !! CN target ratio change per mineral N unit (g m-2) for passive pool
1191	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: CN_target_isurface_pnc = -5. !! CN target ratio change per plant nitrogen content unit (%) for surface pool
1192
1193
1194	!NHsink
1195	!REAL(r_std), SAVE :: NP_target_iactive_ref = 6. !! NP target ratio of active pool from CENTURY model
1196	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: NP_target_iactive_ref = 14. !! NP target ratio of active pool from CENTURY model
1197	!NHsink
1198	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: NP_target_islow_ref = 14. !! NP target ratio of slow pool
1199	!NHsink
1200	!REAL(r_std), SAVE :: NP_target_ipassive_ref = 6. !! NP target ratio of passive pool
1201	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: NP_target_ipassive_ref = 14. !! NP target ratio of passive pool
1202	!NHsink
1203	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: NP_target_isurface_ref = 14. !! NP target ratio of surface pool
1204
1205
1206	!! Turnover in SOM pools (year-1)
1207	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: som_turn_isurface = 6.0 !! turnover of surface pool (year-1)
1208	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(som_turn_isurface)
1209	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: som_turn_iactive = 7.3 !! turnover of active pool (year-1)
1210	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(som_turn_iactive)
1211	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: som_turn_islow = 0.2 !! turnover of slow pool (year-1)
1212	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(som_turn_islow)
1213	!DSG REAL(r_std), SAVE :: som_turn_ipassive = 0.0045 !! turnover of passive pool (year-1)
1214	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: som_turn_ipassive = 0.002 !! turnover of passive pool (year-1)
1215
1216	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(som_turn_ipassive)
1217
1218
1219	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: som_turn_iactive_clay_frac = 0.75 !! clay-dependant parameter impacting on turnover rate of active pool
1220	!! Tm parameter of Parton et al. 1993 (-)
1221	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(som_turn_iactive_clay_frac)
1222
1223	!
1224	! stomate_turnover.f90
1225	!
1226
1227	! 3. Coefficients of equations
1228
1229	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: new_turnover_time_ref = 20. !!(days)
1230	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(new_turnover_time_ref)
1231	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: leaf_age_crit_tref = 20. !! (C)
1232	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(leaf_age_crit_tref)
1233	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(3) :: leaf_age_crit_coeff = (/ 1.5, 0.75, 10./) !! (unitless)
1234	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(leaf_age_crit_coeff)
1235
1236
1237	!
1238	! stomate_vmax.f90
1239	!
1240
1241	! 1. Scalar
1242
1243	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: vmax_offset = 0.3 !! minimum leaf efficiency (unitless)
1244	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(vmax_offset)
1245	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: leafage_firstmax = 0.03 !! relative leaf age at which efficiency
1246	!! reaches 1 (unitless)
1247	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(leafage_firstmax)
1248	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: leafage_lastmax = 0.5 !! relative leaf age at which efficiency
1249	!! falls below 1 (unitless)
1250	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(leafage_lastmax)
1251	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: leafage_old = 1. !! relative leaf age at which efficiency
1252	!! reaches its minimum (vmax_offset)
1253	!! (unitless)
1254	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(leafage_old)
1255
1256
1257	!
1258	! nitrogen_dynamics (in stomate_soilcarbon.f90)
1259	!
1260
1261	! 0. Constants
1262	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: D_air = 1.73664 !! Oxygen diffusion rate in the air = 0.07236 m2/h
1263	!! from Table 2 of Li et al, 2000
1264	!! (m**2/day)
1265
1266	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: C_molar_mass = 12 !! Carbon Molar mass (gC mol-1)
1267
1268	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: Pa_to_hPa = 0.01 !! Conversion factor from Pa to hPa (-)
1269	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: V_O2 = 0.209476 !! Volumetric fraction of O2 in air (-)
1270
1271	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: pk_NH4 = 9.25 !! The negative logarithm of the acid dissociation constant K_NH4
1272	!! See Table 4 of Li et al. 1992 and Appendix A of Zhang et al. 2002
1273
1274	! REAL (r_std), SAVE :: BNF_scal = 1.6 ! maximum BNF rate see biologicalN2fixation for justification
1275	!NHsink
1276	REAL (r_std), SAVE :: BNF_scal = 3.2 ! maximum BNF rate see biologicalN2fixation for justification
1277	!NHsink
1278
1279	REAL (r_std), SAVE :: BNF_coef = -0.003 ! empirical factor
1280
1281	!
1282	! stomate_phosphorus.f90)
1283	!
1284	!DSG: the following turnover times are set to the ones of "normal" mineralization (=C decomposition)
1285	! exception of ipassive: there is evidence that the fraction of SOM which is bound to
1286	! minerals is rich in nutrients (= it cannot be accessed by biota ) (Tipping et al., 2016)
1287	!! Biochemical mineralization:
1288	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: bcm_turn_isurface = 12.0 !! BCM turnover of P in surface pool (year-1)
1289	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(bcm_turn_isurface)
1290	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: bcm_turn_iactive = 14.6 !! BCM turnover of P in active pool (year-1)
1291	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(bcm_turn_iactive)
1292	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: bcm_turn_islow = 0.6 !! BCM turnover of P in slow pool (year-1)
1293	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(bcm_turn_islow)
1294	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: bcm_turn_ipassive = 0.006 !! BCM turnover of P in passive pool (year-1)
1295	!! It's set to zero according to Tipping et al (201?)
1296	!! and to speed up spinup of global model
1297	!
1298	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(bcm_turn_ipassive)
1299
1300	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: sorb_tune = 1.0 !! tuning factor for sorbed fraction of labile P (dirty)
1301
1302	! 1. Scalar
1303
1304	! Coefficients for defining maximum porosity
1305	! From Saxton, K.E., Rawls, W.J., Romberger, J.S., Papendick, R.I., 1986
1306	! Estimationg generalized soil-water characteristics from texture.
1307	! Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 50, 1031-1036
1308	! Cited in Table 5 (page 444) of
1309	! Y. Pachepsky, W.J. Rawls
1310	! Development of Pedotransfer Functions in Soil Hydrology
1311	! Elsevier, 23 nov. 2004 - 542 pages
1312	! http://books.google.fr/books?id=ar_lPXaJ8QkC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr#v=onepage&q&f=false
1313	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: h_saxton = 0.332 !! h coefficient
1314	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(h_saxton)
1315	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: j_saxton = -7.251*1e-4 !! j coefficient
1316	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(j_saxton)
1317	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: k_saxton = 0.1276 !! k coefficient
1318	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(k_saxton)
1319
1320	! Values of the power used in the equation defining the diffusion of oxygen in soil
1321	! from Table 2 of Li et al, 2000
1322	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: diffusionO2_power_1 = 3.33 !! (unitless)
1323	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(diffusionO2_power_1)
1324	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: diffusionO2_power_2 = 2.0 !! (unitless)
1325	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(diffusionO2_power_2)
1326
1327	! Temperature-related Factors impacting on Oxygen diffusion rate
1328	! From eq. 2 of Table 2 (Li et al, 2000)
1329	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: F_nofrost = 1.2 !! (unitless)
1330	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(F_nofrost)
1331	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: F_frost = 0.8 !! (unitless)
1332	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(F_frost)
1333
1334	! Coefficients used in the calculation of Volumetric fraction of anaerobic microsites
1335	! a and b constants are not specified in Li et al., 2000
1336	! S. Zaehle used a=0.85 and b=1 without mention to any publication
1337	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: a_anvf = 0.85 !! (-)
1338	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(a_anvf)
1339	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: b_anvf = 1. !! (-)
1340	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(b_anvf)
1341
1342	! Coefficients used in the calculation of the Fraction of adsorbed NH4+
1343	! Li et al. 1992, JGR, Table 4
1344	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: a_FixNH4 = 0.41 !! (-)
1345	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(a_FixNH4)
1346	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: b_FixNH4 = -0.47 !! (-)
1347	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(b_FixNH4)
1348	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: clay_max = 0.63 !! (-)
1349	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(clay_max)
1350
1351	! Coefficients used in the calculation of the Response of Nitrification
1352	! to soil moisture
1353	! Zhang et al. 2002, Ecological Modelling, appendix A, page 101
1354	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fw_0 = -0.0243 !! (-)
1355	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fw_0)
1356	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fw_1 = 0.9975 !! (-)
1357	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fw_1)
1358	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fw_2 = -5.5368 !! (-)
1359	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fw_2)
1360	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fw_3 = 17.651 !! (-)
1361	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fw_3)
1362	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fw_4 = -12.904 !! (-)
1363	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fw_4)
1364
1365	! Coefficients used in the calculation of the Response of Nitrification
1366	! to Temperature
1367	! Zhang et al. 2002, Ecological Modelling, appendix A, page 101
1368	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ft_nit_0 = -0.0233 !! (-)
1369	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ft_nit_0)
1370	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ft_nit_1 = 0.3094 !! (-)
1371	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ft_nit_1)
1372	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ft_nit_2 = -0.2234 !! (-)
1373	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ft_nit_2)
1374	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ft_nit_3 = 0.1566 !! (-)
1375	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ft_nit_3)
1376	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ft_nit_4 = -0.0272 !! (-)
1377	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ft_nit_4)
1378
1379	! Coefficients used in the calculation of the Response of Nitrification
1380	! to pH
1381	! Zhang et al. 2002, Ecological Modelling, appendix A, page 101
1382	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fph_0 = -1.2314 !! (-)
1383	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fph_0)
1384	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fph_1 = 0.7347 !! (-)
1385	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fph_1)
1386	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fph_2 = -0.0604 !! (-)
1387	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fph_2)
1388
1389	! Coefficients used in the calculation of the response of NO2 or NO
1390	! production during nitrificationof to Temperature
1391	! Zhang et al. 2002, Ecological Modelling, appendix A, page 102
1392	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ftv_0 = 2.72 !! (-)
1393	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ftv_0)
1394	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ftv_1 = 34.6 !! (-)
1395	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ftv_1)
1396	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ftv_2 = 9615. !! (-)
1397	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ftv_2)
1398
1399	!DSGminN REAL(r_std), SAVE :: k_nitrif = 0.2 !! Nitrification rate at 20 âŠC and field capacity (day-1)
1400	!DSGminN !! from Schmid et al., 2001
1401	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: k_nitrif = 1.2 !! Nitrification rate at 20 âŠC and field capacity (day-1)
1402	!! from OCN
1403	!DSGminN
1404	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(k_nitrif)
1405	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: Rn2oN = 0.0008
1406	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(Rn2on)
1407	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: RnoN = 0.02
1408	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(Rnon)
1409	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: scal_anvf = 0.8
1410	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: scal_ph = 0.0
1411
1412	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: n2o_nitrif_p = 0.0006 !! Reference n2o production per N-NO3 produced g N-N2O (g N-NO3)-1
1413	!! From Zhang et al., 2002 - Appendix A p. 102
1414	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(n2o_nitrif_p)
1415	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: no_nitrif_p = 0.0025 !! Reference NO production per N-NO3 produced g N-NO (g N-NO3)-1
1416	!! From Zhang et al., 2002 - Appendix A p. 102
1417	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(no_nitrif_p)
1418
1419	! NO production from chemodenitrification
1420	! based on Kesik et al., 2005, Biogeosciences
1421	! Coefficients used in the calculation of the Response to Temperature
1422	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: chemo_t0 = -31494. !! (-)
1423	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(chemo_t0)
1424	! Coefficients use in the calculation of the Response to pH
1425	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: chemo_ph0 = -1.62 !! (-)
1426	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(chemo_ph0)
1427	! Coefficients used in the calculation of NO production from chemodenitrification
1428	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: chemo_0 = 30. !! (-)
1429	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(chemo_0)
1430	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: chemo_1 = 16565. !! (-)
1431	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(chemo_1)
1432
1433	! Denitrification processes
1434	! Li et al, 2000, JGR Table 4 eq 1, 2 and 4
1435	!
1436	! Coefficients used in the Temperature response of
1437	! relative growth rate of total denitrifiers - Eq. 2 Table 4 of Li et al., 2000
1438	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ft_denit_0 = 2. !! (-)
1439	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ft_denit_0)
1440	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ft_denit_1 = 22.5 !! (-)
1441	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ft_denit_1)
1442	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ft_denit_2 = 10. !! (-)
1443	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ft_denit_2)
1444	!
1445	! Coefficients used in the pH response of
1446	! relative growth rate of total denitrifiers - Eq. 2 Table 4 of Li et al., 2000
1447	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fph_no3_0 = 4.25 !! (-)
1448	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fph_no3_0)
1449	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fph_no3_1 = 0.5 !! (-)
1450	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fph_no3_1)
1451	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fph_no_0 = 5.25 !! (-)
1452	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fph_no_0)
1453	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fph_no_1 = 1. !! (-)
1454	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fph_no_1)
1455	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fph_n2o_0 = 6.25 !! (-)
1456	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fph_n2o_0)
1457	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fph_n2o_1 = 1.5 !! (-)
1458	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(fph_n2o_1)
1459
1460	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: Kn = 0.083 !! Half Saturation of N oxydes (kgN/m3)
1461	!! Table 4 of Li et al., 2000
1462	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(Kn)
1463
1464	! Maximum Relative growth rate of Nox denitrifiers
1465	! Eq.1 Table 4 Li et al., 2000
1466	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: mu_no3_max = 0.67 !! (hour-1)
1467	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(mu_no3_max)
1468	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: mu_no_max = 0.34 !! (hour-1)
1469	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(mu_no_max)
1470	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: mu_n2o_max = 0.34 !! (hour-1)
1471	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(mu_n2o_max)
1472
1473	! Maximum growth yield of NOx denitrifiers on N oxydes
1474	! Table 4 Li et al., 2000
1475	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: Y_no3 = 0.401 !! (kgC / kgN)
1476	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(Y_no3)
1477	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: Y_no = 0.428 !! (kgC / kgN)
1478	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(Y_no)
1479	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: Y_n2o = 0.151 !! (kgC / kgN)
1480	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(Y_n2o)
1481
1482	! Maintenance coefficient on N oxyde
1483	! Table 4 Li et al., 2000
1484	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: M_no3 = 0.09 !! (kgN / kgC / hour)
1485	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(M_no3)
1486	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: M_no = 0.035 !! (kgN / kgC / hour)
1487	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(M_no)
1488	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: M_n2o = 0.079 !! (kgN / kgC / hour)
1489	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(M_n2o)
1490
1491
1492	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: Maint_c = 0.0076 !! Maintenance coefficient of carbon (kgC/kgC/h)
1493	!! Table 4 Li et al., 2000
1494	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(Maint_c)
1495	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: Yc = 0.503 !! Maximum growth yield on soluble carbon (kgC/kgC)
1496	!! Table 4 Li et al., 2000
1497	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(Yc)
1498
1499	!! Coefficients used in the eq. defining the response of N-emission to clay fraction (-)
1500	!! from Table 4, Li et al. 2000
1501	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: F_clay_0 = 0.13
1502	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(F_clay_0)
1503	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: F_clay_1 = -0.079
1504	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(F_clay_1)
1505
1506
1507	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ratio_nh4_fert = 0.875 !! Proportion of ammonium in the fertilizers (ammo-nitrate)
1508	!! = 7./8. (-)
1509	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ratio_nh4_fert)
1510
1511	! 2. Arrays
1512	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(2) :: vmax_n_uptake = (/ 5.4 , 5.4 /) !! Vmax of nitrogen uptake by plants
1513	!! for Ammonium (ind.1) and Nitrate (ind.2)
1514	!! (in umol (g DryWeight_root)-1 h-1)
1515	!! from Zaehle & Friend (2010) "calibrated"
1516	!REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(2) :: vmax_n_uptake = (/ 3. , 3. /) !! original Kronzucker et al. (1995,1996)
1517
1518	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(vmax_n_uptake)
1519
1520	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(2) :: K_N_min = (/ 98., 98. /) !! [NH4+] (resp. [NO3-]) for which the Nuptake
1521	!! equals vmax/2. (umol per litter)
1522	!! from Zaehle & Friend (2010) "calibrated"
1523
1524	! REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(2) :: K_N_min = (/ 30., 30. /) !! original values from Kronzucker, 1995,1996
1525	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(K_N_min)
1526
1527	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(2) :: low_K_N_min = (/ 0.0002, 0.0002 /) !! Rate of N uptake not associated with
1528	!! Michaelis- Menten Kinetics for Ammonium
1529	!! (ind.1) and Nitrate (ind.2)
1530	!! from Kronzucker, 1995 ((umol)-1)
1531	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(low_K_N_min)
1532
1533
1534	!! Other N-related parameters
1535	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: Dmax = 0.25 !! Parameter te be clarified (what it is, units, ...)
1536	!! used in stomate_growth_fun_all
1537
1538	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: reserve_time_tree = 30. !! Maximum number of days during which
1539	!! carbohydrate reserve may be used for
1540	!! trees (days)
1541	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(reserve_time_tree)
1542	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: reserve_time_grass = 20. !! Maximum number of days during which
1543	!! carbohydrate reserve may be used for
1544	!! grasses (days)
1545	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(reserve_time_grass)
1546
1547	!
1548	! stomate_phosphorus.f90
1549	!
1550
1551	! 1. Scalar
1552	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: vmax_P_uptake = 1.39 !! Vmax of phosphorus uptake by plants
1553	!! by high-affinty/activity system
1554	!! (in umol (g DryWeight_root)-1 h-1)
1555	!! HAS: from Bouma et al. (2001) (average of both species) 3.96
1556
1557	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(vmax_P_uptake)
1558
1559	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: K_P_min = 3. !! dissolved P concentraion for which the Puptake
1560	!! equals vmax/2. (umol per litter)
1561	!! by low-affinty/activity system (ind.1)
1562	!! and high-affinty/activity system (ind.2)
1563	!! from Schachtman et al. (1998), Page 448:
1564	!! averages of range given for
1565	!! high affinity system (3-7)
1566	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(K_P_min)
1567
1568	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: low_K_P_min = 0.01 !! linear increase in uptake for high P concentrations (chosen to fit the uptake
1569	!! at high concentrations from Zhang et al. (2009)
1570
1571
1572	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(low_K_P_min)
1573
1574
1575	!
1576	! stomate_season.f90
1577	!
1578
1579	! 1. Scalar
1580
1581	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: gppfrac_dormance = 0.2 !! report maximal GPP/GGP_max for dormance (0-1, unitless)
1582	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(gppfrac_dormance)
1583	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_climatology = 20. !! tau for "climatologic variables (years)
1584	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tau_climatology)
1585	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: hvc1 = 0.019 !! parameters for herbivore activity (unitless)
1586	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(hvc1)
1587	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: hvc2 = 1.38 !! parameters for herbivore activity (unitless)
1588	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(hvc2)
1589	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: leaf_frac_hvc = 0.33 !! leaf fraction (0-1, unitless)
1590	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(leaf_frac_hvc)
1591	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tlong_ref_max = 303.1 !! maximum reference long term temperature (K)
1592	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tlong_ref_max)
1593	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tlong_ref_min = 253.1 !! minimum reference long term temperature (K)
1594	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(tlong_ref_min)
1595
1596	! 3. Coefficients of equations
1597
1598	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: ncd_max_year = 3.
1599	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ncd_max_year)
1600	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: gdd_threshold = 5.
1601	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(gdd_threshold)
1602	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: green_age_ever = 2.
1603	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(green_age_ever)
1604	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: green_age_dec = 0.5
1605	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(green_age_dec)
1606
1607	INTEGER(i_std), SAVE :: ncirc = 1 !! Number of circumference classes used to calculate C allocation
1608	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ncirc)
1609	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: kilo_to_unit = 1.0E03 !! Convert Kilo to unit
1610
1611
1612	LOGICAL, SAVE :: lbypass_cc = .FALSE. !! Set to true for a temporary patch of a known bug, though the underlying
1613	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(lbypass_cc)
1614	!DSG LOGICAL, SAVE :: ld_fake_height=.FALSE. ! a flag to turn on the statements ;DSG: I wouldnt have guess
1615	!DSG !$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ld_fake_height)
1616	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: sync_threshold = 0.0001 !! The threshold above which a warning is generated when the
1617	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(sync_threshold)
1618	LOGICAL,PARAMETER :: ld_biomass=.FALSE. ! a flag to turn on debug statements
1619	INTEGER(i_std), SAVE :: test_pft = 4 !! Number of PFT for which detailed output
1620	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(test_pft)
1621
1622	INTEGER(i_std), SAVE :: test_grid = 1 !! Number of the grid square for which detailed output
1623	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(test_grid)
1624
1625	LOGICAL,PARAMETER :: ld_stop=.FALSE. ! a flag to turn on some stop statements.
1626	LOGICAL,SAVE :: ld_alloc=.FALSE. ! a flag to turn on debug statements
1627	LOGICAL,PARAMETER :: ld_warn=.FALSE. ! a flag to turn on various warnings
1628	LOGICAL,PARAMETER :: jr_nextstep = .FALSE. ! set this to TRUE to activate the
1629	LOGICAL,PARAMETER :: ld_massbal=.FALSE. ! a flag to turn on debug statements
1630	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ipoolchange = 5 !! change in pool size i.e. change in biomass
1631
1632	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ilat2in = 4 !! incoming lateral flux i.e. N deposition for the land
1633	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: ilat2out = 3 !! outgoing lateral flux i.e. DOC leaching for the litter routine
1634	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iatm2land = 1 !! atmosphere to land fluxes such as GPP and co2_2_bm
1635	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: iland2atm = 2 !! land to atmosphere fluxes such as Rh, Ra and product decomposition
1636	INTEGER(i_std), PARAMETER :: nmbcomp = 5 !! The total nomber of components in our mass balance check
1637
1638
1639	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: max_delta_KF = 0.1 !! Maximum change in KF from one time step to another (m)
1640	!! This is a bit arbitrary.
1641	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(max_delta_KF)
1642
1643	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: maint_from_gpp = 0.8 !! Some carbon needs to remain to support the growth, hence,
1644	!! respiration will be limited. In this case resp_maint
1645	!! (gC m-2 dt-1) should not be more than 80% (::maint_from_gpp)
1646	!! of the GPP (gC m-2 s-1)
1647	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(maint_from_gpp)
1648	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: m2_to_ha = 10000. !! Conversion from m2 to hectares
1649	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: ha_to_m2 = 0.0001 !! Conversion from hectares (forestry) to m2 (rest of the code)
1650
1651
1652	! JC MOD045 wstress_lowgrass for grasses only
1653	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: wstress_lowgrass = 0.1 !! minimum water stress factor for grass allocation
1654	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: sstress_lowgrass = 0.1 !! minimum total stress factor for grass allocation
1655	! JC MOD050 root resp suppression
1656	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: coeff_suppress_resp = 0.1 !! default coeff makes no suppression
1657	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: days_senesc_crit = 10.0 !! days start to suppress maint_resp for dormancy
1658	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: GRM_RtoL_turn = 0.0 !! relative grass root turnover compared to leaf turnover
1659	!! during senescence (default 1 = annual grasses)
1660	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fixed_fsoiln = 1.0 !! Fixed factor for CN target ratios of soil pools; zero -min N content, one -max N content
1661
1662	!gmjc constantes for GRM module
1663	LOGICAL, SAVE :: GRM_allow_BNF = .FALSE. !! allowed legume BNF?
1664	LOGICAL, SAVE :: GRM_BNF_newmethod = .FALSE. !! use new method (Lazzarotto et al. 2009) for BNF?
1665	LOGICAL, SAVE :: GRM_enable_grazing = .FALSE. !! activate GRM module?
1666	LOGICAL, SAVE :: GRM_allow_DEVSTAGE = .FALSE. !! allow grass allocation follows exactly devstage as PaSim? (should not activate)
1667	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: fix_legume_frac = zero !! fixed legume fraction for BNF
1668	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: reserve_time_cut = 20.
1669	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: lai_happy_cut = 0.25
1670	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_leafinit_cut = 10
1671	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: tau_t2m_14 = 14.
1672	REAL(r_std), SAVE :: N_effect = 0.65 !! this is the maximum additive effect of nitrogen fertilization on Vcmax
1673
1674	END MODULE constantes_var

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