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stomate_resp.f90 @ 7475

Last change on this file since 7475 was 2609, checked in by josefine.ghattas, 9 years ago

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1	! =================================================================================================================================
2	! MODULE : stomate_resp
3	!
4	! CONTACT : orchidee-help _at_ ipsl.jussieu.fr
5	!
6	! LICENCE : IPSL (2006)
7	! This software is governed by the CeCILL licence see ORCHIDEE/ORCHIDEE_CeCILL.LIC
8	!
9	!>\BRIEF Calculates maintenance respiration for different plant components
10	!!
11	!!\n DESCRIPTION : None
12	!!
13	!! RECENT CHANGE(S): None
14	!!
15	!! REFERENCE(S) :
16	!!- McCree KJ. An equation for the respiration of white clover plants grown under controlled conditions.
17	!! In: Setlik I, editor. Prediction and measurement of photosynthetic productivity. Wageningen, The Netherlands:
18	!! Pudoc; 1970. p. 221-229.
19	!! - Krinner G, Viovy N, de Noblet-Ducoudre N, Ogee J, Polcher J, Friedlingstein P,
20	!! Ciais P, Sitch S, Prentice I C (2005) A dynamic global vegetation model for studies
21	!! of the coupled atmosphere-biosphere system. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 19, GB1015,
22	!! doi: 10.1029/2003GB002199.\n
23	!! Ruimy A., Dedieu G., Saugier B. (1996), TURC: A diagnostic model
24	!! of continental gross primary productivity and net primary productivity,
25	!! Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 10, 269-285.\n
26
27	!! SVN :
28	!! $HeadURL$
29	!! $Date$
30	!! $Revision$
31	!! \n
32	!_ ================================================================================================================================
33
34	MODULE stomate_resp
35
36	! modules used:
37	USE stomate_data
38	USE pft_parameters
39	USE constantes
40	USE constantes_soil
41	USE function_library, ONLY : biomass_to_lai
42
43	IMPLICIT NONE
44
45	! private & public routines
46	PRIVATE
47	PUBLIC maint_respiration,maint_respiration_clear
48
49	LOGICAL, SAVE :: firstcall = .TRUE. !! first call
50	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(firstcall)
51
52	CONTAINS
53
54
55	!! ================================================================================================================================
56	!! SUBROUTINE : maint_respiration_clear
57	!!
58	!>\BRIEF : Set the flag ::firstcall to .TRUE. and as such activate section
59	!! 1.1 of the subroutine maint_respiration (see below).
60	!_ ================================================================================================================================
61
62	SUBROUTINE maint_respiration_clear
63	firstcall=.TRUE.
64	END SUBROUTINE maint_respiration_clear
65
66
67	!! ================================================================================================================================
68	!! SUBROUTINE : maint_respiration
69	!!
70	!>\BRIEF Calculate PFT maintenance respiration of each living plant part by
71	!! multiplying the biomass of plant part by maintenance respiration coefficient which
72	!! depends on long term mean annual temperature. PFT maintenance respiration is carbon flux
73	!! with the units @tex $(gC.m^{-2}dt^{-1})$ @endtex, and the convention is from plants to the
74	!! atmosphere.
75	!!
76	!! DESCRIPTION : The maintenance respiration of each plant part for each PFT is the biomass of the plant
77	!! part multiplied by maintenance respiration coefficient. The biomass allocation to different
78	!! plant parts is done in routine stomate_alloc.f90. The maintenance respiration coefficient is
79	!! calculated in this routine.\n
80	!!
81	!! The maintenance respiration coefficient is the fraction of biomass that is lost during
82	!! each time step, which increases linearly with temperature (2-meter air temperature for aboveground plant
83	!! tissues; root-zone temperature for below-ground tissues). Air temperature is an input forcing variable.
84	!! Root-zone temperature is a convolution of root and soil temperature profiles and also calculated
85	!! in this routine.\n
86	!!
87	!! The calculation of maintenance respiration coefficient (fraction of biomass respired) depends linearly
88	!! on temperature:
89	!! - the relevant temperature for different plant parts (air temperature or root-zone temperature)\n
90	!! - intercept: prescribed maintenance respiration coefficients at 0 Degree Celsius for
91	!! different plant parts for each PFT in routine stomate_constants.f90\n
92	!! - slope: calculated with a quadratic polynomial with the multi-annual mean air temperature
93	!! (the constants are in routine stomate_constants.f90) as follows\n
94	!! \latexonly
95	!! \input{resp3.tex}
96	!! \endlatexonly
97	!! Where, maint_resp_slope1, maint_resp_slope2, maint_resp_slope3 are constant in stomate_constants.f90.
98	!! Then coeff_maint is calculated as follows:\n
99	!! \latexonly
100	!! \input{resp4.tex}
101	!! \endlatexonly
102	!! If the calculation result is negative, maintenance respiration coefficient will take the value 0.
103	!! Therefore the maintenance respiration will also be 0.\n
104	!!
105	!! RECENT CHANGE(S): None
106	!!
107	!! MAIN OUTPUT VARIABLE(S): PFT maintenance respiration of different plant parts (::resp_maint_part_radia)
108	!!
109	!! REFERENCE(S) :
110	!! McCree KJ. An equation for the respiration of white clover plants grown under controlled conditions. In:
111	!! Setlik I, editor. Prediction and measurement of photosynthetic productivity. Wageningen,
112	!! The Netherlands: Pudoc; 1970. p. 221-229.
113	!! Krinner G, Viovy N, de Noblet-Ducoudre N, Ogee J, Polcher J, Friedlingstein P,
114	!! Ciais P, Sitch S, Prentice I C (2005) A dynamic global vegetation model for studies
115	!! of the coupled atmosphere-biosphere system. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 19, GB1015,
116	!! doi: 10.1029/2003GB002199.\n
117	!! Ruimy A., Dedieu G., Saugier B. (1996), TURC: A diagnostic model
118	!! of continental gross primary productivity and net primary productivity,
119	!! Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 10, 269-285.\n
120	!! FLOWCHART : None
121	!! \n
122	!_ ================================================================================================================================
123
124	SUBROUTINE maint_respiration (npts, dt, t2m, tlong_ref, &
125	stempdiag, gpp, gpp_week, lab_fac, &
126	veget_max, rprof, biomass, resp_maint_part_radia, &
127	circ_class_n, circ_class_biomass)
128
129	!! 0. Variable and parameter declaration
130
131	!! 0.1 Input variables
132
133	INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: npts !! Domain size - number of grid cells (unitless)
134	REAL(r_std), INTENT(in) :: dt !! Time step of the simulations (seconds)
135	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: t2m !! 2 meter air temperature - forcing variable (K)
136	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(:), INTENT(in) :: tlong_ref !! Long term annual mean 2 meter reference air temperatures
137	!! calculated in stomate_season.f90 (K)
138	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT (in) :: stempdiag !! Soil temperature of each soil layer (K)
139	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: gpp !! Gross primary production per day per unit PFT
140	!! @tex $ (gC m^{-2} dt^{-1})$ @endtex
141	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: gpp_week !! Weekly mean gross primary production per day per unit PFT
142	!! @tex $ (gC m^{-2} dt^{-1})$ @endtex
143	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: veget_max !! PFT "maximal" coverage fraction of a PFT (unitless)
144	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: rprof !! PFT root depth as calculated in stomate.f90 from parameter
145	!! humcste which is root profile for different PFTs
146	!! in slowproc.f90 (m)
147	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(:,:), INTENT(in) :: lab_fac !! Activity of labile pool (??UNITS??)
148	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(in) :: circ_class_n !! Number of individuals in each circ class
149	!! @tex $(ind m^{-2})$ @endtex
150
151	!! 0.2 Output variables
152
153	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(out) :: resp_maint_part_radia !! PFT maintenance respiration of different
154	!! plant parts @tex $(gC.m^{-2}dt^{-1} )$ @endtex
155
156	!! 0.3 Modified variables
157
158	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), INTENT(inout) :: biomass !! PFT total biomass calculated in stomate_alloc.f90
159	!! @tex $(gC.m^{-2})$ @endtex
160	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:,:), INTENT(inout):: circ_class_biomass !! Biomass components of the model tree
161	!! within a circumference class
162	!! class @tex $(g C ind^{-1})$ @endtex
163	!! 0.4 Local variables
164
165	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(npts,nvm) :: lai !! PFT leaf area index @tex $(m^2 m^{-2})$ @endtex
166	INTEGER(i_std) :: ipts,ivm,ipar,ibdl !! Indeces (unitless)
167	REAL(r_std), SAVE, DIMENSION(0:nbdl) :: z_soil !! Variable to store depth of the different soil layers (m)
168	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE(z_soil)
169	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(npts,nvm) :: t_root !! PFT root temperature (convolution of root and soil
170	!! temperature profiles) (K)
171	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(npts,nvm,nparts) :: coeff_maint !! PFT maintenance respiration coefficients of different
172	!! plant compartments at 0 deg C
173	!! @tex $(g.g^{-1}dt^{-1})$ @endtex
174	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(npts,nparts) :: t_maint_radia !! Temperature which is pertinent for maintenance respiration,
175	!! which is air/root temperature for above/below-ground
176	!! compartments (K)
177	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(nvm,nparts) :: fcn !! C/N ratio in tissue (unitless)
178	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(npts,nvm) :: resp_maint_demand !! Rate of maintanance respiration
179	!! @tex $(gC.dt^{-1})$ @endtex
180	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(npts,nvm) :: resp_maint_supply !! Rate of growth respiration
181	!! @tex $(gC.dt^{-1})$ @endtex
182	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(npts,nvm) :: resp_maint !! Effective rate of maintanance respiration
183	!! @tex $(gC.dt^{-1})$ @endtex
184	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(npts) :: gtemp !! Temperature response of respiration in the
185	!! Lloyd-Taylor Model (K)
186	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(npts) :: tl !! Long term reference temperature in degrees Celcius
187	!! (= tlong_ref - 273.15) (C)
188	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(npts) :: slope !! slope of the temperature dependence of maintenance
189	!! respiration coefficient (1/K)
190	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(npts) :: rpc !! Scaling factor for integrating vertical soil
191	!! profiles (unitless)
192	REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(nvm) :: coeff_maint_temp !! PFT maintenance respiration coefficients of different
193	!! plant compartments at 0 deg C
194	!! @tex $(g.g^{-1}dt^{-1})$ @endtex
195	REAL(r_std) :: deficit !! Calculate maintenance respiration based on
196	!! tissue pools (or labile pool size) (??UNIT??)
197	REAL(r_std) :: limit_cn !! Calculate maintenance respiration based on
198	!! tissue pools (or labile pool size) (??UNIT??)
199	REAL(r_std) :: temp_share !! Temporary variable to store the share
200	!! of biomass of each circumference class
201	!! to the total biomass
202	REAL(r_std) :: temp_class_biomass !! Biomass across parts for a single circ
203	!! class @tex $(gC m^{-2})$ @endtex
204	REAL(r_std) :: temp_total_biomass !! Biomass across parts and circ classes
205	!! @tex $(gC m^{-2})$ @endtex
206	REAL(r_std) :: temp !! generic temporary variable
207
208	!! 0.5 Externalize
209	REAL(r_std), PARAMETER :: gtemp_ref=1.6 !! Correction factor for respiration calculation,
210	!! since ORCHIDEE maintenance respiration rates
211	!! refer to zero degrees but Lloyd and Taylor assumes
212	!! base temperature of 10 degrees (unitless)
213
214	!_ ================================================================================================================================
215
216
217	IF (bavard.GE.4) WRITE(numout,*) 'Entering maintenance respiration'
218
219	!! 1. Initializations
220
221	IF ( firstcall ) THEN
222
223	!! 1.1. Soil levels (first call only)
224	! Set the depth of the different soil layers (number of layers: nbdl)
225	! previously calculated as variable diaglev in routines sechiba.f90 and slowproc.f90
226	z_soil(0) = zero
227	z_soil(1:nbdl) = diaglev(1:nbdl)
228
229	! Set first call to false for all subsequent calls
230	firstcall = .FALSE.
231
232	ENDIF
233
234
235	!! 1.2. Calculate root temperature
236	! Calculate root temperature as the convolution of root and soil temperature profiles
237	DO ivm = 2,nvm ! Loop over # PFTs
238
239	!! 1.2.1 Calculate rpc
240	! - rpc is an integration constant to make the integral over the root profile is equal 'one',
241	! calculated as follows:\n
242	! \latexonly
243	! \input{resp1.tex}
244	! \endlatexonly
245	rpc(:) = un / ( un - EXP( -z_soil(nbdl) / rprof(:,ivm) ) )
246
247	!! 1.2.2 Calculate root temperature
248	! - Integrate root profile temperature (K) over soil layers (number of layers = nbdl)
249	! with rpc and soil temperature (K) of each soil layer as follows:\n
250	! \latexonly
251	! \input{resp2.tex}
252	! \endlatexonly
253	! Where, stempdiag is diagnostic temperature profile of soil (K)\n
254	t_root(:,ivm) = zero
255
256	DO ibdl = 1, nbdl ! Loop over # soil layers
257
258	t_root(:,ivm) = &
259	t_root(:,ivm) + stempdiag(:,ibdl) * rpc(:) * &
260	( EXP( -z_soil(ibdl-1)/rprof(:,ivm) ) - EXP( -z_soil(ibdl)/rprof(:,ivm) ) )
261
262	ENDDO ! Loop over # soil layers
263
264	ENDDO ! Loop over # PFTs
265
266	!! 2. Define maintenance respiration coefficients
267
268	DO ivm = 2,nvm ! Loop over # PFTs
269
270	!! 2.1 Temperature for maintenanace respiration
271	! Temperature which is used to calculate maintenance respiration for different plant compartments
272	! (above- and belowground)\n
273	! - for aboveground parts, we use 2-meter air temperature, t2m\n
274	! - for belowground parts, we use root temperature calculated in section 1.2 of this subroutine\n
275
276	! 2.1.1 Aboveground biomass
277	t_maint_radia(:,ileaf) = t2m(:)
278	t_maint_radia(:,isapabove) = t2m(:)
279	t_maint_radia(:,ifruit) = t2m(:)
280
281	! 2.1.2 Belowground biomass
282	t_maint_radia(:,isapbelow) = t_root(:,ivm)
283	t_maint_radia(:,iroot) = t_root(:,ivm)
284
285	!! 2.1.3 Heartwood biomass
286	! Heartwood does does not respire (coeff_maint_zero is set to zero).
287	! Any temperature could have been set
288	! [code cleaning: set t(heartwood) to undef to 'undef']
289
290	t_maint_radia(:,iheartbelow) = t_root(:,ivm)
291	t_maint_radia(:,iheartabove) = t2m(:)
292
293	!! 2.1.4 Reserve biomass
294	! Use aboveground temperature for trees and belowground temeperature for grasses
295	IF ( is_tree(ivm) ) THEN
296
297	t_maint_radia(:,icarbres) = t2m(:)
298
299	ELSE
300
301	t_maint_radia(:,icarbres) = t_root(:,ivm)
302
303	ENDIF
304
305	!! 2.1.5 Labile biomass pool
306	! Use aboveground temperature for the labile biomass pool
307	t_maint_radia(:,ilabile) = t2m(:)
308
309	!! 2.2 Calculate maintenance respiration coefficients (coeff_maint)
310	! Maintenance respiration is a fraction of biomass defined by the coefficient
311	! coeff_maint [Mc Cree, 1969]. Coeff_maint is defined through a linear relationship of temperature [Ruimy et al, 1996]
312	! which slope is the coefficient 'slope' and which intercept is 'coeff_maint_zero'.
313	! - Coeff_maint_zero is defined in stomate_data to cm_zero_plantpartname
314	! - Slope is calculated here through a second-degree polynomial [Krinner et al, 2005]
315	! equation that makes it dependent on the long term temperature (to represent adaptation
316	! of the ecosystem to long term temperature).
317	! \latexonly
318	! \input{resp3.tex}
319	! \endlatexonly
320	! Where, maint_resp_slope1, maint_resp_slope2, maint_resp_slope3 are constant in stomate_constants.f90.
321	! Then coeff_maint is calculated as follows:\n
322	! \latexonly
323	! \input{resp4.tex}
324	! \endlatexonly
325	! If the calculation result is negative, coeff_maint will take the value 0.\n
326	tl(:) = tlong_ref(:) - ZeroCelsius
327	slope(:) = maint_resp_slope(ivm,1) + tl(:) * maint_resp_slope(ivm,2) + &
328	tl(:)tl(:) maint_resp_slope(ivm,3)
329
330	DO ipar = 1, nparts ! Loop over # plant parts
331
332	! Resource-based allocation
333	IF ( .NOT.control%ok_functional_allocation ) THEN
334
335	coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) = MAX( (coeff_maint_zero(ivm,ipar)dt/one_day) &
336	( un + slope(:) * (t_maint_radia(:,ipar)-ZeroCelsius) ), zero )
337
338	! Allometric-based allocation
339	ELSE
340
341	!+++CHECK+++
342	! The original code refers to the Sitch et al 2003 as the source of the equations and parameters
343	! for modelling maintenance respiration. The equations below are consistent with the paper. The
344	! parameter setting for coeff_maint is in the range of 0.066 to 0.011 as reported in the paper but
345	! exact values are not given. Although, the principle of a climate correction for coeff_maint is
346	! mentioned in Sitch et al 2003, the reduction factors themselves were not given. As it appears
347	! now this block of code pretends much more knowledge then we actually have. Rather than using a
348	! baseline coeff_maint that is later corrected for the climate region, the parameter values for
349	! coeff_maint could be simply prescribed and made pft-specific.
350	! Further down in the code C/N ratios are used to constrain respiration. The C/N ratios were reset
351	! to the values presented in Sitch et al 2003 but still seem on the low side. If pft-specific
352	! values are to be used, changes in respiration could be compensated for by changing
353	! coeff_maint_init. Given Vicca et al 2012 (Ecology Letters) an NPP/GPP ratio of 0.5 is 'universal'
354	! for forests given a sufficient nutrient supply and strictly defining NPP as solely its biomass
355	! components (thus excluding VOC, exudation and subsidies to myccorrhizae as is the case in ORCHIDEE).
356	! Unless observation based values are available for coeff_maint_init, these values could be adjusted
357	! within the range of 0.066 to 0.011 to obtain an NPP/GPP of 0.5 in the absence of nutrient
358	! limitations.
359
360	! LPJ respiration factors based on Sitch et al. 2003 - first part of the calculation
361	IF ( ipar.EQ.ileaf .OR. ipar.EQ.iroot .OR. ipar.EQ.ifruit .OR. &
362	ipar.EQ.isapabove .OR. ipar.EQ.isapbelow .OR. ipar.EQ.ilabile) THEN
363
364	! Sonke uses
365	!coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) = 0.0548
366
367	! The Sitch et al 2003 paper gives a value of 0.066 (Table 3) and 0.011 for tropical systems
368	!coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) = 0.066
369
370	! Use an effective PFT-specific value - this value has been optimized
371	! to reproduce observed NPP/GPP ratios
372	coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) = coeff_maint_init(ivm)
373
374	! heartwood and reserves pool
375	ELSE
376
377	coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) = zero
378
379	ENDIF
380
381	!+++BEGIN+DELETE+++
382	! Correction for climate region.
383	! [remove hard coding]
384	! Respiration rates for tropical forests
385	!IF ( ivm.LE.3 ) THEN
386
387	! Sonke uses
388	! coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) = coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar)*0.33
389
390	! The Sitch et al 2003 paper
391	!coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) = coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar)/6.
392
393	! Respiration rates for tropical grass and crops
394	!ELSEIF ( ivm.EQ.11 .OR. ivm.EQ.13 ) THEN
395
396	! Sonke uses
397	!coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) = coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar)*0.5
398
399	! The Sitch et al 2003 paper
400	!coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) = coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) / 6.
401
402	! Respiration rates for boreal and temperate PFTs
403	!ELSE
404
405	! Sonke uses
406	! coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) = coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar)*0.7
407
408	! The Sitch et al 2003 paper - value should not be adjusted
409	!coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) = coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar)
410	!coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) = coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar)*0.5
411
412	!ENDIF
413	!+++END+DELETE+++
414
415	ENDIF ! .NOT.control%ok_functional_allocation
416
417	ENDDO ! Loop over # plant parts
418
419
420	!+++OCN-code+++
421	! ! Calculate lai
422	! lai(:,ivm) = biomass(:,ivm,ileaf,icarbon) * sla(ivm)
423
424	! ! Leaf respiration for photosynthesis according to Friend et al. as in Zaehle et al.
425	! ! Leaf respiration is calculated in diffuco.f90
426	! IF ( control%ok_cexchange ) THEN
427	! coeff_maint_leaf(:,ivm,:) = zero
428
429	! ! Leaf respiration for the standard ORCHIDEE photosynthesis
430	! ELSE
431	! WHERE ( (biomass(:,ivm,ileaf,icarbon) .GT. min_stomate) .AND. (lai(:,ivm) .GT. min_stomate) )
432	!
433	! coeff_maint_leaf(:,ivm,1) = coeff_maint_zero(ivm,ileaf) * biomass(:,ivm,ileaf,icarbon) * &
434	! ( maint_resp_min_vmaxlai(:,ivm) + maint_resp_coeff(un-exp(-ext_coeff(ivm)*lai(:,ivm))) ) &
435	! / lai(:,ivm) / one_day
436	!
437	! coeff_maint_leaf(:,ivm,2) = slope(:)
438	!
439	! ELSEWHERE
440
441	! coeff_maint_leaf(:,ivm,1) = zero
442	! coeff_maint_leaf(:,ivm,2) = zero
443
444	! ENDWHERE
445
446	! ENDIF ! control%ok_cexchange
447	!++++++++++
448
449	ENDDO ! Loop over # PFTs
450
451
452	!! 3. Calculate maintenance respiration
453
454	! Resource-based allocation
455	IF ( .NOT.control%ok_functional_allocation ) THEN
456
457	! The maintenance respiration @tex $(gC.m^{-2}dt^{-1})$ @endtex of each plant compartment for each PFT is
458	! the biomass @tex $(gC.m^{-2})$ @endtex of the plant part multiplied by maintenance respiration
459	! coefficient @tex $(g.g^{-1}dt^{-1})$ @endtex, except that the maintenance respiration of leaves is
460	! corrected by leaf area index (LAI) as follows:\n
461	! \latexonly
462	! \input{resp5.tex}
463	! \endlatexonly
464
465	! ibare_sechiba = 1, which means the there is only bare soil but not any PFT, consequently no LAI and
466	! no maintenance respiration
467	lai(:,ibare_sechiba) = zero
468	resp_maint_part_radia(:,ibare_sechiba,:) = zero
469
470	! 3.1 Maintenance respiration of the different plant parts
471	DO ivm = 2,nvm ! Loop over # PFTs
472
473	! Calculate lai
474	DO ipts = 1,npts
475
476	lai(ipts,ivm) = biomass_to_lai(biomass(ipts,ivm,ileaf,icarbon),ivm)
477
478	ENDDO
479
480	DO ipar = 1, nparts ! Loop over # plant parts
481
482	! Leaf respiration: depends on leaf mass and LAI
483	IF ( ipar .EQ. ileaf ) THEN
484
485	WHERE ( (biomass(:,ivm,ileaf,icarbon).GT.min_stomate) .AND. (lai(:,ivm).GT.min_stomate) )
486
487	! Maintenance respiration is calculated as a fraction of biomass as defined by coeff_maint
488	! and is adjusted for the nitrogen effect through a third factor depending on LAI. The
489	! hypothesis here is that the vcmax (i.e. the nitrogen distribution) in the canopy decreases
490	! exponentially with LAI following the Beer-Lambert law with an asymptote defining the
491	! minimum of the function at 30% of the LAI. The 1.4 parameter is an integration constant.
492	! This method is also used in diffuco_trans_co2 2.4.1 for scaling vmax based on nitrogen
493	! reduction in the canopy.
494	resp_maint_part_radia(:,ivm,ipar) = coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) * biomass(:,ivm,ipar,icarbon) * &
495	( maint_resp_min_vmaxlai(:,ivm) + maint_resp_coeff(un - exp(-ext_coeff(ivm)*lai(:,ivm))) ) / lai(:,ivm)
496
497	ELSEWHERE
498
499	resp_maint_part_radia(:,ivm,ileaf) = zero
500
501	ENDWHERE
502
503	! All other components
504	ELSE
505
506	! All components except ileaves and ilabile
507	IF ( ipar.NE.ilabile ) THEN
508
509	resp_maint_part_radia(:,ivm,ipar) = coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) * biomass(:,ivm,ipar,icarbon)
510
511	! Respiration for ilabile
512	ELSE
513
514	resp_maint_part_radia(:,ivm,ilabile) = zero
515
516	ENDIF !ipar.NE.ilabile
517
518	ENDIF !ipar.EQ.ileaf
519
520	ENDDO ! Loop over # plant parts
521
522	ENDDO ! Loop over # PFTs
523
524	! Allometric-based allocation
525	ELSE
526
527	! In the allometric based allocation scheme, maintentance respiration is calculated
528	! the minimum of supply and demand
529	resp_maint_part_radia(:,:,:) = zero
530
531	DO ivm = 2,nvm ! Loop over # PFTs
532
533	! Demand based respiration
534	resp_maint_demand(:,ivm) = 0.0
535
536	DO ipar = 1, nparts ! Loop over # plant parts
537
538	! LPJ respiration factors based on Sitch et al. 2003 - second part of the calculation
539	! Temperature response, LLoyd and Taylor, 1994. E0 = 308.56 comes from the paper of
540	! Lloyd and Taylor but was fitted for soil respiration which only partly consists of
541	! authotrophic (root) respiration.
542	WHERE(t_maint_radia(:,ipar)-ZeroCelsius.GT.-46.01)
543
544	gtemp(:) = dt/one_day * &
545	EXP(308.56*(1.0/56.02-1.0/(t_maint_radia(:,ipar)-ZeroCelsius+46.02)))
546
547	! No gtemp below -46.01 degrees Celsius
548	ELSEWHERE
549
550	gtemp(:) = 0.0
551
552	ENDWHERE
553
554	! Calculate the limiting C/N ratio
555	IF ( ipar.EQ.ileaf ) THEN
556
557	limit_cn = cn_leaf_prescribed(ivm)
558
559	ELSEIF ( ipar.EQ.iroot .OR. ipar.EQ.ifruit ) THEN
560
561	limit_cn = cn_leaf_prescribed(ivm)/fcn_root(ivm)
562
563	ELSEIF ( ipar.EQ.isapabove .OR. ipar.EQ.isapbelow ) THEN
564
565	limit_cn = cn_leaf_prescribed(ivm)/fcn_wood(ivm)
566
567	ELSE
568
569	limit_cn = cn_leaf_prescribed(ivm)
570
571	ENDIF
572
573	!---TEMP---
574	!IF (ivm.EQ.test_pft) THEN
575	! WRITE(numout,*) 'limit - ipar, temp output,', ipar, limit_cn
576	!ENDIF
577	!----------
578
579	resp_maint_part_radia(:,ivm,ipar) = coeff_maint(:,ivm,ipar) * gtemp(:) * &
580	biomass(:,ivm,ipar,icarbon) / limit_cn
581	resp_maint_demand(:,ivm) = resp_maint_demand(:,ivm) + resp_maint_part_radia(:,ivm,ipar)
582
583	ENDDO ! Loop over # plant parts
584
585	ENDDO ! Loop over # PFTs
586
587	ENDIF ! .NOT.control%ok_functional_allocation
588
589	IF (bavard.GE.4) WRITE(numout,*) 'Leaving maintenance respiration'
590
591	END SUBROUTINE maint_respiration
592
593	END MODULE stomate_resp

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source: branches/publications/ORCHIDEE_CAN_r3069/src_stomate/stomate_resp.f90 @ 7475

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