[7541] | 1 | ! ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 2 | ! MODULE : diffuco |
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| 3 | ! |
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| 4 | ! CONTACT : orchidee-help _at_ listes.ipsl.fr |
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| 5 | ! |
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| 6 | ! LICENCE : IPSL (2006) |
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| 7 | ! This software is governed by the CeCILL licence see ORCHIDEE/ORCHIDEE_CeCILL.LIC |
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| 8 | ! |
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| 9 | !>\BRIEF This module calculates the limiting coefficients, both aerodynamic |
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| 10 | !! and hydrological, for the turbulent heat fluxes. |
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| 11 | !! |
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| 12 | !!\n DESCRIPTION: The aerodynamic resistance R_a is used to limit |
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| 13 | !! the transport of fluxes from the surface layer of vegetation to the point in the atmosphere at which |
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| 14 | !! interaction with the LMDZ atmospheric circulation model takes place. The aerodynamic resistance is |
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| 15 | !! calculated either within the module r_aerod (if the surface drag coefficient is provided by the LMDZ, and |
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| 16 | !! if the flag 'ldq_cdrag_from_gcm' is set to TRUE) or r_aero (if the surface drag coefficient must be calculated).\n |
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| 17 | !! |
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| 18 | !! Within ORCHIDEE, evapotranspiration is a function of the Evaporation Potential, but is modulated by a |
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| 19 | !! series of resistances (canopy and aerodynamic) of the surface layer, here represented by beta.\n |
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| 20 | !! |
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| 21 | !! DESCRIPTION : |
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| 22 | !! \latexonly |
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| 23 | !! \input{diffuco_intro.tex} |
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| 24 | !! \endlatexonly |
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| 25 | !! \n |
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| 26 | !! |
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| 27 | !! This module calculates the beta for several different scenarios: |
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| 28 | !! - diffuco_snow calculates the beta coefficient for sublimation by snow, |
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| 29 | !! - diffuco_inter calculates the beta coefficient for interception loss by each type of vegetation, |
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| 30 | !! - diffuco_bare calculates the beta coefficient for bare soil, |
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| 31 | !! - diffuco_trans_co2 calculates the beta coefficient for transpiration for each type of vegetation, using Farqhar's formula |
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| 32 | !! - chemistry_bvoc calculates the beta coefficient for emissions of biogenic compounds \n |
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| 33 | !! |
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| 34 | !! Finally, the module diffuco_comb computes the combined $\alpha$ and $\beta$ coefficients for use |
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| 35 | !! elsewhere in the module. \n |
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| 36 | |
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| 37 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): Nathalie le 28 mars 2006 - sur proposition de Fred Hourdin, ajout |
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| 38 | !! d'un potentiometre pour regler la resistance de la vegetation (rveg is now in pft_parameters) |
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| 39 | !! October 2018: Removed diffuco_trans using Jarvis formula for calculation of beta coefficient |
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| 40 | !! |
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| 41 | !! REFERENCE(S) : None |
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| 42 | !! |
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| 43 | !! SVN : |
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| 44 | !! $HeadURL: svn://forge.ipsl.jussieu.fr/orchidee/branches/ORCHIDEE_2_2/ORCHIDEE/src_sechiba/diffuco.f90 $ |
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| 45 | !! $Date: 2021-07-30 18:36:29 +0200 (Fri, 30 Jul 2021) $ |
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| 46 | !! $Revision: 7265 $ |
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| 47 | !! \n |
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| 48 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 49 | |
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| 50 | MODULE diffuco |
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| 51 | |
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| 52 | ! modules used : |
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| 53 | USE constantes |
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| 54 | USE constantes_soil |
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| 55 | USE qsat_moisture |
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| 56 | USE sechiba_io_p |
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| 57 | USE ioipsl |
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| 58 | USE pft_parameters |
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| 59 | USE grid |
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| 60 | USE time, ONLY : one_day, dt_sechiba |
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| 61 | USE ioipsl_para |
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| 62 | USE xios_orchidee |
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| 63 | USE chemistry, ONLY : chemistry_initialize, chemistry_bvoc, chemistry_clear |
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| 64 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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| 65 | |
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| 66 | ! public routines : |
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| 67 | PRIVATE |
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| 68 | PUBLIC :: diffuco_main, diffuco_initialize, diffuco_finalize, diffuco_clear |
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| 69 | |
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| 70 | INTERFACE Arrhenius_modified |
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| 71 | MODULE PROCEDURE Arrhenius_modified_0d, Arrhenius_modified_1d |
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| 72 | END INTERFACE |
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| 73 | |
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| 74 | ! |
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| 75 | ! variables used inside diffuco module : declaration and initialisation |
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| 76 | ! |
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| 77 | REAL(r_std), ALLOCATABLE, SAVE, DIMENSION (:) :: wind !! Wind module (m s^{-1}) |
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| 78 | !$OMP THREADPRIVATE(wind) |
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| 79 | |
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| 80 | CONTAINS |
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| 81 | |
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| 82 | |
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| 83 | !! ============================================================================================================================= |
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| 84 | !! SUBROUTINE: diffuco_initialize |
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| 85 | !! |
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| 86 | !>\BRIEF Allocate module variables, read from restart file or initialize with default values |
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| 87 | !! |
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| 88 | !! DESCRIPTION: Allocate module variables, read from restart file or initialize with default values. |
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| 89 | !! Call chemistry_initialize for initialization of variables needed for the calculations of BVOCs. |
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| 90 | !! |
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| 91 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): None |
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| 92 | !! |
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| 93 | !! REFERENCE(S): None |
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| 94 | !! |
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| 95 | !! FLOWCHART: None |
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| 96 | !! \n |
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| 97 | !_ ============================================================================================================================== |
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| 98 | SUBROUTINE diffuco_initialize (kjit, kjpindex, index, & |
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| 99 | rest_id, lalo, neighbours, resolution, & |
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| 100 | rstruct, q_cdrag) |
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| 101 | |
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| 102 | !! 0. Variable and parameter declaration |
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| 103 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
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| 104 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjit !! Time step number (-) |
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| 105 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjpindex !! Domain size (-) |
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| 106 | INTEGER(i_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: index !! Indeces of the points on the map (-) |
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| 107 | INTEGER(i_std),INTENT (in) :: rest_id !! _Restart_ file identifier (-) |
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| 108 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,2), INTENT (in) :: lalo !! Geographical coordinates |
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| 109 | INTEGER(i_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,NbNeighb),INTENT (in):: neighbours !! Vector of neighbours for each |
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| 110 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,2), INTENT(in) :: resolution !! The size in km of each grid-box in X and Y |
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| 111 | |
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| 112 | !! 0.2 Output variables |
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| 113 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: rstruct !! Structural resistance for the vegetation |
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| 114 | |
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| 115 | !! 0.3 Modified variables |
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| 116 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: q_cdrag !! Surface drag coefficient (-) |
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| 117 | |
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| 118 | !! 0.4 Local variables |
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| 119 | INTEGER :: ilai |
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| 120 | INTEGER :: jv |
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| 121 | INTEGER :: ier |
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| 122 | CHARACTER(LEN=4) :: laistring |
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| 123 | CHARACTER(LEN=80) :: var_name |
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| 124 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 125 | |
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| 126 | !! 1. Define flag ldq_cdrag_from_gcm. This flag determines if the cdrag should be taken from the GCM or be calculated. |
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| 127 | !! The default value is true if the q_cdrag variables was already initialized. This is the case when coupled to the LMDZ. |
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| 128 | |
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| 129 | !Config Key = CDRAG_FROM_GCM |
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| 130 | !Config Desc = Keep cdrag coefficient from gcm. |
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| 131 | !Config If = OK_SECHIBA |
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| 132 | !Config Def = y |
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| 133 | !Config Help = Set to .TRUE. if you want q_cdrag coming from GCM (if q_cdrag on initialization is non zero). |
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| 134 | !Config Keep cdrag coefficient from gcm for latent and sensible heat fluxes. |
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| 135 | !Config Units = [FLAG] |
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| 136 | IF ( ABS(MAXVAL(q_cdrag)) .LE. EPSILON(q_cdrag)) THEN |
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| 137 | ldq_cdrag_from_gcm = .FALSE. |
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| 138 | ELSE |
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| 139 | ldq_cdrag_from_gcm = .TRUE. |
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| 140 | ENDIF |
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| 141 | CALL getin_p('CDRAG_from_GCM', ldq_cdrag_from_gcm) |
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| 142 | IF (printlev>=2) WRITE(numout,*) "ldq_cdrag_from_gcm = ",ldq_cdrag_from_gcm |
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| 143 | |
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| 144 | !! 2. Allocate module variables |
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| 145 | ALLOCATE (wind(kjpindex),stat=ier) |
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| 146 | IF (ier /= 0) CALL ipslerr_p(3,'diffuco_initialize','Problem in allocate of variable wind','','') |
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| 147 | |
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| 148 | !! 3. Read variables from restart file |
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| 149 | IF (printlev>=3) WRITE (numout,*) 'Read DIFFUCO variables from restart file' |
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| 150 | |
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| 151 | CALL ioconf_setatt_p('UNITS', 's/m') |
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| 152 | CALL ioconf_setatt_p('LONG_NAME','Structural resistance') |
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| 153 | CALL restget_p (rest_id, 'rstruct', nbp_glo, nvm, 1, kjit, .TRUE., rstruct, "gather", nbp_glo, index_g) |
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| 154 | IF ( ALL(rstruct(:,:) == val_exp) ) THEN |
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| 155 | DO jv = 1, nvm |
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| 156 | rstruct(:,jv) = rstruct_const(jv) |
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| 157 | ENDDO |
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| 158 | ENDIF |
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| 159 | |
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| 160 | !! 4. Initialize chemistry module |
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| 161 | IF (printlev>=3) WRITE(numout,*) "ok_bvoc:",ok_bvoc |
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| 162 | IF ( ok_bvoc ) CALL chemistry_initialize(kjpindex, lalo, neighbours, resolution) |
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| 163 | |
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| 164 | END SUBROUTINE diffuco_initialize |
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| 165 | |
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| 166 | |
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| 167 | |
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| 168 | !! ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 169 | !! SUBROUTINE : diffuco_main |
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| 170 | !! |
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| 171 | !>\BRIEF The root subroutine for the module, which calls all other required |
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| 172 | !! subroutines. |
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| 173 | !! |
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| 174 | !! DESCRIPTION : |
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| 175 | |
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| 176 | !! This is the main subroutine for the module. |
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| 177 | !! First it calculates the surface drag coefficient (via a call to diffuco_aero), using available parameters to determine |
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| 178 | !! the stability of air in the surface layer by calculating the Richardson Nubmber. If a value for the |
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| 179 | !! surface drag coefficient is passed down from the atmospheric model and and if the flag 'ldq_cdrag_from_gcm' |
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| 180 | !! is set to TRUE, then the subroutine diffuco_aerod is called instead. This calculates the aerodynamic coefficient. \n |
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| 181 | !! |
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| 182 | !! Following this, an estimation of the saturated humidity at the surface is made (via a call |
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| 183 | !! to qsatcalc in the module qsat_moisture). Following this the beta coefficients for sublimation (via |
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| 184 | !! diffuco_snow), interception (diffuco_inter), bare soil (diffuco_bare), and transpiration (via |
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| 185 | !! diffuco_trans_co2) are calculated in sequence. Finally |
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| 186 | !! the alpha and beta coefficients are combined (diffuco_comb). \n |
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| 187 | !! |
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| 188 | !! The surface drag coefficient is calculated for use within the module enerbil. It is required to to |
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| 189 | !! calculate the aerodynamic coefficient for every flux. \n |
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| 190 | !! |
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| 191 | !! The various beta coefficients are used within the module enerbil for modifying the rate of evaporation, |
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| 192 | !! as appropriate for the surface. As explained in Chapter 2 of Guimberteau (2010), that module (enerbil) |
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| 193 | !! calculates the rate of evaporation essentially according to the expression $E = /beta E_{pot}$, where |
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| 194 | !! E is the total evaporation and $E_{pot}$ the evaporation potential. If $\beta = 1$, there would be |
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| 195 | !! essentially no resistance to evaporation, whereas should $\beta = 0$, there would be no evaporation and |
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| 196 | !! the surface layer would be subject to some very stong hydrological stress. \n |
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| 197 | !! |
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| 198 | !! The following processes are calculated: |
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| 199 | !! - call diffuco_aero for aerodynamic transfer coeficient |
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| 200 | !! - call diffuco_snow for partial beta coefficient: sublimation |
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| 201 | !! - call diffuco_inter for partial beta coefficient: interception for each type of vegetation |
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| 202 | !! - call diffuco_bare for partial beta coefficient: bare soil |
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| 203 | !! - call diffuco_trans_co2 for partial beta coefficient: transpiration for each type of vegetation, using Farqhar's formula |
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| 204 | !! - call diffuco_comb for alpha and beta coefficient |
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| 205 | !! - call chemistry_bvoc for alpha and beta coefficients for biogenic emissions |
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| 206 | !! |
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| 207 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): None |
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| 208 | !! |
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| 209 | !! MAIN OUTPUT VARIABLE(S): humrel, q_cdrag, vbeta, vbeta1, vbeta4, |
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| 210 | !! vbeta2, vbeta3, rveget, cimean |
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| 211 | !! |
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| 212 | !! REFERENCE(S) : |
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| 213 | !! - de Noblet-Ducoudré, N, Laval, K & Perrier, A, 1993. SECHIBA, a new set of parameterisations |
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| 214 | !! of the hydrologic exchanges at the land-atmosphere interface within the LMD Atmospheric General |
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| 215 | !! Circulation Model. Journal of Climate, 6, pp.248-273. |
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| 216 | !! - de Rosnay, P, 1999. Représentation des interactions sol-plante-atmosphÚre dans le modÚle de circulation générale |
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| 217 | !! du LMD, 1999. PhD Thesis, Université Paris 6, available (25/01/12): |
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| 218 | !! http://www.ecmwf.int/staff/patricia_de_rosnay/publications.html#8 |
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| 219 | !! - Ducharne, A, 1997. Le cycle de l'eau: modélisation de l'hydrologie continentale, étude de ses interactions avec |
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| 220 | !! le climat, PhD Thesis, Université Paris 6 |
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| 221 | !! - Guimberteau, M, 2010. Modélisation de l'hydrologie continentale et influences de l'irrigation |
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| 222 | !! sur le cycle de l'eau, PhD Thesis, available (25/01/12): |
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| 223 | !! http://www.sisyphe.upmc.fr/~guimberteau/docs/manuscrit_these.pdf |
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| 224 | !! - LathiÚre, J, 2005. Evolution des émissions de composés organiques et azotés par la biosphÚre continentale dans le |
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| 225 | !! modÚle LMDz-INCA-ORCHIDEE, Université Paris 6 |
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| 226 | !! |
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| 227 | !! FLOWCHART : |
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| 228 | !! \latexonly |
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| 229 | !! \includegraphics[scale=0.5]{diffuco_main_flowchart.png} |
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| 230 | !! \endlatexonly |
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| 231 | !! \n |
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| 232 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 233 | |
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| 234 | SUBROUTINE diffuco_main (kjit, kjpindex, index, indexveg, indexlai, u, v, & |
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| 235 | & zlev, z0m, z0h, roughheight, temp_sol, temp_air, temp_growth, rau, q_cdrag, qsurf, qair, pb, & |
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| 236 | & evap_bare_lim, evap_bare_lim_ns, evapot, evapot_corr, snow, flood_frac, flood_res, frac_nobio, snow_nobio, totfrac_nobio, & |
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| 237 | & swnet, swdown, coszang, ccanopy, humrel, veget, veget_max, lai, qsintveg, qsintmax, assim_param, & |
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| 238 | & vbeta , vbeta1, vbeta2, vbeta3, vbeta3pot, vbeta4, vbeta5, gsmean, rveget, rstruct, cimean, gpp, co2_to_bm, & |
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| 239 | & lalo, neighbours, resolution, ptnlev1, precip_rain, frac_age, tot_bare_soil, frac_snow_veg, frac_snow_nobio, & |
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| 240 | & hist_id, hist2_id) |
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| 241 | |
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| 242 | !! 0. Variable and parameter declaration |
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| 243 | |
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| 244 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
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| 245 | |
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| 246 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjit !! Time step number (-) |
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| 247 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjpindex !! Domain size (-) |
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| 248 | INTEGER(i_std),INTENT (in) :: hist_id !! _History_ file identifier (-) |
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| 249 | INTEGER(i_std),INTENT (in) :: hist2_id !! _History_ file 2 identifier (-) |
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| 250 | INTEGER(i_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: index !! Indeces of the points on the map (-) |
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| 251 | INTEGER(i_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex*(nlai+1)), INTENT (in) :: indexlai !! Indeces of the points on the 3D map |
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| 252 | INTEGER(i_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex*nvm), INTENT (in) :: indexveg !! Indeces of the points on the 3D map (-) |
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| 253 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: u !! Eastward Lowest level wind speed (m s^{-1}) |
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| 254 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: v !! Northward Lowest level wind speed (m s^{-1}) |
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| 255 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: zlev !! Height of first layer (m) |
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| 256 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: z0m !! Surface roughness Length for momentum (m) |
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| 257 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: z0h !! Surface roughness Length for heat (m) |
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| 258 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: roughheight !! Effective height for roughness (m) |
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| 259 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: temp_sol !! Skin temperature (K) |
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| 260 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: temp_air !! Lowest level temperature (K) |
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| 261 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: temp_growth !! Growth temperature (°C) - Is equal to t2m_month |
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| 262 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: rau !! Air Density (kg m^{-3}) |
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| 263 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: qsurf !! Near surface air specific humidity (kg kg^{-1}) |
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| 264 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: qair !! Lowest level air specific humidity (kg kg^{-1}) |
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| 265 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: snow !! Snow mass (kg) |
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| 266 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: flood_frac !! Fraction of floodplains |
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| 267 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: flood_res !! Reservoir in floodplains (estimation to avoid over-evaporation) |
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| 268 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: pb !! Surface level pressure (hPa) |
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| 269 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (inout) :: evap_bare_lim !! Limit to the bare soil evaporation when the |
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| 270 | !! 11-layer hydrology is used (-) |
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| 271 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nstm), INTENT (inout) :: evap_bare_lim_ns !! Limit to the bare soil evaporation when the |
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| 272 | !! 11-layer hydrology is used (-) |
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| 273 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: evapot !! Soil Potential Evaporation (mm day^{-1}) |
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| 274 | !! NdN This variable does not seem to be used at |
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| 275 | !! all in diffuco |
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| 276 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: evapot_corr !! Soil Potential Evaporation |
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| 277 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nnobio), INTENT (in) :: frac_nobio !! Fraction of ice,lakes,cities,... (-) |
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| 278 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nnobio), INTENT (in) :: snow_nobio !! Snow on ice,lakes,cities,... (kg m^{-2}) |
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| 279 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: totfrac_nobio !! Total fraction of ice+lakes+cities+... (-) |
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| 280 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: swnet !! Net surface short-wave flux (W m^{-2}) |
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| 281 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: swdown !! Down-welling surface short-wave flux (W m^{-2}) |
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| 282 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: coszang !! Cosine of the solar zenith angle (unitless) |
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| 283 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: ccanopy !! CO2 concentration inside the canopy (ppm) |
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| 284 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: veget !! Fraction of vegetation type (-) |
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| 285 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: veget_max !! Max. fraction of vegetation type (LAI->infty) |
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| 286 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: lai !! Leaf area index (m^2 m^{-2}) |
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| 287 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: qsintveg !! Water on vegetation due to interception (kg m^{-2}) |
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| 288 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: qsintmax !! Maximum water on vegetation for interception |
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| 289 | !! (kg m^{-2}) |
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| 290 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: co2_to_bm !! virtual gpp ((gC m^{-2} dt_sechiba^{-1}), total area) |
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| 291 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm,npco2), INTENT (in) :: assim_param !! min+max+opt temps, vcmax, vjmax |
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| 292 | !! for photosynthesis (K ??) |
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| 293 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,2), INTENT (in) :: lalo !! Geographical coordinates |
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| 294 | INTEGER(i_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,NbNeighb),INTENT (in):: neighbours !! Vector of neighbours for each |
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| 295 | !! grid point (1=N, 2=E, 3=S, 4=W) |
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| 296 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,2), INTENT(in) :: resolution !! The size in km of each grid-box in X and Y |
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| 297 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: ptnlev1 !! 1st level of soil temperature (Kelvin) |
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| 298 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: precip_rain !! Rain precipitation expressed in mm/tstep |
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| 299 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm,nleafages), INTENT (in) :: frac_age !! Age efficiency for isoprene emissions (from STOMATE) |
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| 300 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT(in) :: tot_bare_soil !! Total evaporating bare soil fraction |
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| 301 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT(in) :: frac_snow_veg !! Snow cover fraction on vegeted area |
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| 302 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nnobio), INTENT(in):: frac_snow_nobio !! Snow cover fraction on non-vegeted area |
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| 303 | |
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| 304 | !! 0.2 Output variables |
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| 305 | |
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| 306 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (out) :: vbeta !! Total beta coefficient (-) |
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| 307 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (out) :: vbeta1 !! Beta for sublimation (-) |
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| 308 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (out) :: vbeta4 !! Beta for bare soil evaporation (-) |
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| 309 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (out) :: vbeta5 !! Beta for floodplains |
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| 310 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: gsmean !! Mean stomatal conductance to CO2 (mol m-2 s-1) |
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| 311 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: vbeta2 !! Beta for interception loss (-) |
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| 312 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: vbeta3 !! Beta for transpiration (-) |
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| 313 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: vbeta3pot !! Beta for potential transpiration |
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| 314 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: rveget !! Stomatal resistance for the whole canopy (s m^{-1}) |
---|
| 315 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: rstruct !! Structural resistance for the vegetation |
---|
| 316 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: cimean !! Mean leaf Ci (ppm) |
---|
| 317 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT(out) :: gpp !! Assimilation ((gC m^{-2} dt_sechiba^{-1}), total area) |
---|
| 318 | |
---|
| 319 | !! 0.3 Modified variables |
---|
| 320 | |
---|
| 321 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex, nvm), INTENT (inout) :: humrel !! Soil moisture stress (within range 0 to 1) |
---|
| 322 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (inout) :: q_cdrag !! Surface drag coefficient (-) |
---|
| 323 | |
---|
| 324 | !! 0.4 Local variables |
---|
| 325 | |
---|
| 326 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm) :: vbeta23 !! Beta for fraction of wetted foliage that will |
---|
| 327 | !! transpire once intercepted water has evaporated (-) |
---|
| 328 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex) :: raero !! Aerodynamic resistance (s m^{-1}) |
---|
| 329 | INTEGER(i_std) :: ilai |
---|
| 330 | CHARACTER(LEN=4) :: laistring |
---|
| 331 | CHARACTER(LEN=80) :: var_name !! To store variables names for I/O |
---|
| 332 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: qsatt !! Surface saturated humidity (kg kg^{-1}) |
---|
| 333 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm) :: cim !! Intercellular CO2 over nlai |
---|
| 334 | |
---|
| 335 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 336 | |
---|
| 337 | wind(:) = SQRT (u(:)*u(:) + v(:)*v(:)) |
---|
| 338 | |
---|
| 339 | !! 1. Calculate the different coefficients |
---|
| 340 | |
---|
| 341 | IF (.NOT.ldq_cdrag_from_gcm) THEN |
---|
| 342 | ! Case 1a) |
---|
| 343 | CALL diffuco_aero (kjpindex, kjit, u, v, zlev, z0h, z0m, roughheight, temp_sol, temp_air, & |
---|
| 344 | qsurf, qair, snow, q_cdrag) |
---|
| 345 | ENDIF |
---|
| 346 | |
---|
| 347 | ! Case 1b) |
---|
| 348 | CALL diffuco_raerod (kjpindex, u, v, q_cdrag, raero) |
---|
| 349 | |
---|
| 350 | !! 2. Make an estimation of the saturated humidity at the surface |
---|
| 351 | |
---|
| 352 | CALL qsatcalc (kjpindex, temp_sol, pb, qsatt) |
---|
| 353 | |
---|
| 354 | !! 3. Calculate the beta coefficient for sublimation |
---|
| 355 | |
---|
| 356 | CALL diffuco_snow (kjpindex, qair, qsatt, rau, u, v, q_cdrag, & |
---|
| 357 | snow, frac_nobio, totfrac_nobio, snow_nobio, frac_snow_veg, frac_snow_nobio, & |
---|
| 358 | vbeta1) |
---|
| 359 | |
---|
| 360 | |
---|
| 361 | CALL diffuco_flood (kjpindex, qair, qsatt, rau, u, v, q_cdrag, evapot, evapot_corr, & |
---|
| 362 | & flood_frac, flood_res, vbeta5) |
---|
| 363 | |
---|
| 364 | !! 4. Calculate the beta coefficient for interception |
---|
| 365 | |
---|
| 366 | CALL diffuco_inter (kjpindex, qair, qsatt, rau, u, v, q_cdrag, humrel, veget, & |
---|
| 367 | & qsintveg, qsintmax, rstruct, vbeta2, vbeta23) |
---|
| 368 | |
---|
| 369 | |
---|
| 370 | !! 5. Calculate the beta coefficient for transpiration |
---|
| 371 | |
---|
| 372 | CALL diffuco_trans_co2 (kjpindex, swdown, pb, qsurf, qair, temp_air, temp_growth, rau, u, v, q_cdrag, humrel, & |
---|
| 373 | assim_param, ccanopy, & |
---|
| 374 | veget, veget_max, lai, qsintveg, qsintmax, vbeta3, vbeta3pot, & |
---|
| 375 | rveget, rstruct, cimean, gsmean, gpp, & |
---|
| 376 | co2_to_bm, vbeta23, hist_id, indexveg, indexlai, index, kjit, cim) |
---|
| 377 | |
---|
| 378 | ! |
---|
| 379 | !biogenic emissions |
---|
| 380 | ! |
---|
| 381 | IF ( ok_bvoc ) THEN |
---|
| 382 | CALL chemistry_bvoc (kjpindex, swdown, coszang, temp_air, & |
---|
| 383 | temp_sol, ptnlev1, precip_rain, humrel, veget_max, & |
---|
| 384 | lai, frac_age, lalo, ccanopy, cim, wind, snow, & |
---|
| 385 | veget, hist_id, hist2_id, kjit, index, & |
---|
| 386 | indexlai, indexveg) |
---|
| 387 | ENDIF |
---|
| 388 | ! |
---|
| 389 | ! combination of coefficient : alpha and beta coefficient |
---|
| 390 | ! beta coefficient for bare soil |
---|
| 391 | ! |
---|
| 392 | |
---|
| 393 | CALL diffuco_bare (kjpindex, tot_bare_soil, veget_max, evap_bare_lim, evap_bare_lim_ns, vbeta2, vbeta3, vbeta4) |
---|
| 394 | |
---|
| 395 | !! 6. Combine the alpha and beta coefficients |
---|
| 396 | |
---|
| 397 | ! Ajout qsintmax dans les arguments de la routine.... Nathalie / le 13-03-2006 |
---|
| 398 | CALL diffuco_comb (kjpindex, humrel, rau, u, v, q_cdrag, pb, qair, temp_sol, temp_air, snow, & |
---|
| 399 | & veget, lai, tot_bare_soil, vbeta1, vbeta2, vbeta3, vbeta4, & |
---|
| 400 | & evap_bare_lim, evap_bare_lim_ns, veget_max, vbeta, qsintmax) |
---|
| 401 | |
---|
| 402 | CALL xios_orchidee_send_field("q_cdrag",q_cdrag) |
---|
| 403 | CALL xios_orchidee_send_field("raero",raero) |
---|
| 404 | CALL xios_orchidee_send_field("wind",wind) |
---|
| 405 | CALL xios_orchidee_send_field("qsatt",qsatt) |
---|
| 406 | CALL xios_orchidee_send_field("coszang",coszang) |
---|
| 407 | CALL xios_orchidee_send_field('cim', cim) |
---|
| 408 | |
---|
| 409 | IF ( .NOT. almaoutput ) THEN |
---|
| 410 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'raero', kjit, raero, kjpindex, index) |
---|
| 411 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'cdrag', kjit, q_cdrag, kjpindex, index) |
---|
| 412 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'Wind', kjit, wind, kjpindex, index) |
---|
| 413 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'qsatt', kjit, qsatt, kjpindex, index) |
---|
| 414 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'cim', kjit, cim, kjpindex*nvm, indexveg) |
---|
| 415 | |
---|
| 416 | IF ( hist2_id > 0 ) THEN |
---|
| 417 | CALL histwrite_p(hist2_id, 'raero', kjit, raero, kjpindex, index) |
---|
| 418 | CALL histwrite_p(hist2_id, 'cdrag', kjit, q_cdrag, kjpindex, index) |
---|
| 419 | CALL histwrite_p(hist2_id, 'Wind', kjit, wind, kjpindex, index) |
---|
| 420 | CALL histwrite_p(hist2_id, 'qsatt', kjit, qsatt, kjpindex, index) |
---|
| 421 | ENDIF |
---|
| 422 | ELSE |
---|
| 423 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'raero', kjit, raero, kjpindex, index) |
---|
| 424 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'cdrag', kjit, q_cdrag, kjpindex, index) |
---|
| 425 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'Wind', kjit, wind, kjpindex, index) |
---|
| 426 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'cim', kjit, cim, kjpindex*nvm, indexveg) |
---|
| 427 | ENDIF |
---|
| 428 | |
---|
| 429 | IF (printlev>=3) WRITE (numout,*) ' diffuco_main done ' |
---|
| 430 | |
---|
| 431 | END SUBROUTINE diffuco_main |
---|
| 432 | |
---|
| 433 | !! ============================================================================================================================= |
---|
| 434 | !! SUBROUTINE: diffuco_finalize |
---|
| 435 | !! |
---|
| 436 | !>\BRIEF Write to restart file |
---|
| 437 | !! |
---|
| 438 | !! DESCRIPTION: This subroutine writes the module variables and variables calculated in diffuco |
---|
| 439 | !! to restart file |
---|
| 440 | !! |
---|
| 441 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): None |
---|
| 442 | !! REFERENCE(S): None |
---|
| 443 | !! FLOWCHART: None |
---|
| 444 | !! \n |
---|
| 445 | !_ ============================================================================================================================== |
---|
| 446 | SUBROUTINE diffuco_finalize (kjit, kjpindex, rest_id, rstruct ) |
---|
| 447 | |
---|
| 448 | !! 0. Variable and parameter declaration |
---|
| 449 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
---|
| 450 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjit !! Time step number (-) |
---|
| 451 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjpindex !! Domain size (-) |
---|
| 452 | INTEGER(i_std),INTENT (in) :: rest_id !! _Restart_ file identifier (-) |
---|
| 453 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: rstruct !! Structural resistance for the vegetation |
---|
| 454 | |
---|
| 455 | !! 0.4 Local variables |
---|
| 456 | INTEGER :: ilai |
---|
| 457 | CHARACTER(LEN=4) :: laistring |
---|
| 458 | CHARACTER(LEN=80) :: var_name |
---|
| 459 | |
---|
| 460 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 461 | |
---|
| 462 | !! 1. Prepare the restart file for the next simulation |
---|
| 463 | IF (printlev>=3) WRITE (numout,*) 'Complete restart file with DIFFUCO variables ' |
---|
| 464 | |
---|
| 465 | CALL restput_p (rest_id, 'rstruct', nbp_glo, nvm, 1, kjit, rstruct, 'scatter', nbp_glo, index_g) |
---|
| 466 | |
---|
| 467 | END SUBROUTINE diffuco_finalize |
---|
| 468 | |
---|
| 469 | |
---|
| 470 | !! ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 471 | !! SUBROUTINE : diffuco_clear |
---|
| 472 | !! |
---|
| 473 | !>\BRIEF Housekeeping module to deallocate the variables |
---|
| 474 | !! rstruct and raero |
---|
| 475 | !! |
---|
| 476 | !! DESCRIPTION : Housekeeping module to deallocate the variables |
---|
| 477 | !! rstruct and raero |
---|
| 478 | !! |
---|
| 479 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S) : None |
---|
| 480 | !! |
---|
| 481 | !! MAIN OUTPUT VARIABLE(S) : None |
---|
| 482 | !! |
---|
| 483 | !! REFERENCE(S) : None |
---|
| 484 | !! |
---|
| 485 | !! FLOWCHART : None |
---|
| 486 | !! \n |
---|
| 487 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 488 | |
---|
| 489 | SUBROUTINE diffuco_clear() |
---|
| 490 | |
---|
| 491 | ! Deallocate and reset variables in chemistry module |
---|
| 492 | CALL chemistry_clear |
---|
| 493 | |
---|
| 494 | END SUBROUTINE diffuco_clear |
---|
| 495 | |
---|
| 496 | |
---|
| 497 | !! ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 498 | !! SUBROUTINE : diffuco_aero |
---|
| 499 | !! |
---|
| 500 | !>\BRIEF This module first calculates the surface drag |
---|
| 501 | !! coefficient, for cases in which the surface drag coefficient is NOT provided by the coupled |
---|
| 502 | !! atmospheric model LMDZ or when the flag ldq_cdrag_from_gcm is set to FALSE |
---|
| 503 | !! |
---|
| 504 | !! DESCRIPTION : Computes the surface drag coefficient, for cases |
---|
| 505 | !! in which it is NOT provided by the coupled atmospheric model LMDZ. The module first uses the |
---|
| 506 | !! meteorolgical input to calculate the Richardson Number, which is an indicator of atmospheric |
---|
| 507 | !! stability in the surface layer. The formulation used to find this surface drag coefficient is |
---|
| 508 | !! dependent on the stability determined. \n |
---|
| 509 | !! |
---|
| 510 | !! Designation of wind speed |
---|
| 511 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 512 | !! \input{diffucoaero1.tex} |
---|
| 513 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 514 | !! |
---|
| 515 | !! Calculation of geopotential. This is the definition of Geopotential height (e.g. Jacobson |
---|
| 516 | !! eqn.4.47, 2005). (required for calculation of the Richardson Number) |
---|
| 517 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 518 | !! \input{diffucoaero2.tex} |
---|
| 519 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 520 | !! |
---|
| 521 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 522 | !! \input{diffucoaero3.tex} |
---|
| 523 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 524 | !! |
---|
| 525 | !! Calculation of the virtual air temperature at the surface (required for calculation |
---|
| 526 | !! of the Richardson Number) |
---|
| 527 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 528 | !! \input{diffucoaero4.tex} |
---|
| 529 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 530 | !! |
---|
| 531 | !! Calculation of the virtual surface temperature (required for calculation of th |
---|
| 532 | !! Richardson Number) |
---|
| 533 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 534 | !! \input{diffucoaero5.tex} |
---|
| 535 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 536 | !! |
---|
| 537 | !! Calculation of the squared wind shear (required for calculation of the Richardson |
---|
| 538 | !! Number) |
---|
| 539 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 540 | !! \input{diffucoaero6.tex} |
---|
| 541 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 542 | !! |
---|
| 543 | !! Calculation of the Richardson Number. The Richardson Number is defined as the ratio |
---|
| 544 | !! of potential to kinetic energy, or, in the context of atmospheric science, of the |
---|
| 545 | !! generation of energy by wind shear against consumption |
---|
| 546 | !! by static stability and is an indicator of flow stability (i.e. for when laminar flow |
---|
| 547 | !! becomes turbulent and vise versa). It is approximated using the expression below: |
---|
| 548 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 549 | !! \input{diffucoaero7.tex} |
---|
| 550 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 551 | !! |
---|
| 552 | !! The Richardson Number hence calculated is subject to a minimum value: |
---|
| 553 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 554 | !! \input{diffucoaero8.tex} |
---|
| 555 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 556 | !! |
---|
| 557 | !! Computing the drag coefficient. We add the add the height of the vegetation to the |
---|
| 558 | !! level height to take into account that the level 'seen' by the vegetation is actually |
---|
| 559 | !! the top of the vegetation. Then we we can subtract the displacement height. |
---|
| 560 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 561 | !! \input{diffucoaero9.tex} |
---|
| 562 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 563 | !! |
---|
| 564 | !! For the stable case (i.e $R_i$ $\geq$ 0) |
---|
| 565 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 566 | !! \input{diffucoaero10.tex} |
---|
| 567 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 568 | !! |
---|
| 569 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 570 | !! \input{diffucoaero11.tex} |
---|
| 571 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 572 | !! |
---|
| 573 | !! For the unstable case (i.e. $R_i$ < 0) |
---|
| 574 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 575 | !! \input{diffucoaero12.tex} |
---|
| 576 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 577 | !! |
---|
| 578 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 579 | !! \input{diffucoaero13.tex} |
---|
| 580 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 581 | !! |
---|
| 582 | !! If the Drag Coefficient becomes too small than the surface may uncouple from the atmosphere. |
---|
| 583 | !! To prevent this, a minimum limit to the drag coefficient is defined as: |
---|
| 584 | !! |
---|
| 585 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 586 | !! \input{diffucoaero14.tex} |
---|
| 587 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 588 | !! |
---|
| 589 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): None |
---|
| 590 | !! |
---|
| 591 | !! MAIN OUTPUT VARIABLE(S): q_cdrag |
---|
| 592 | !! |
---|
| 593 | !! REFERENCE(S) : |
---|
| 594 | !! - de Noblet-Ducoudré, N, Laval, K & Perrier, A, 1993. SECHIBA, a new set of parameterisations |
---|
| 595 | !! of the hydrologic exchanges at the land-atmosphere interface within the LMD Atmospheric General |
---|
| 596 | !! Circulation Model. Journal of Climate, 6, pp.248-273 |
---|
| 597 | !! - Guimberteau, M, 2010. Modélisation de l'hydrologie continentale et influences de l'irrigation |
---|
| 598 | !! sur le cycle de l'eau, PhD Thesis, available from: |
---|
| 599 | !! http://www.sisyphe.upmc.fr/~guimberteau/docs/manuscrit_these.pdf |
---|
| 600 | !! - Jacobson M.Z., Fundamentals of Atmospheric Modeling (2nd Edition), published Cambridge |
---|
| 601 | !! University Press, ISBN 0-521-54865-9 |
---|
| 602 | !! |
---|
| 603 | !! FLOWCHART : |
---|
| 604 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 605 | !! \includegraphics[scale=0.5]{diffuco_aero_flowchart.png} |
---|
| 606 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 607 | !! \n |
---|
| 608 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 609 | |
---|
| 610 | SUBROUTINE diffuco_aero (kjpindex, kjit, u, v, zlev, z0h, z0m, roughheight, temp_sol, temp_air, & |
---|
| 611 | qsurf, qair, snow, q_cdrag) |
---|
| 612 | |
---|
| 613 | !! 0. Variable and parameter declaration |
---|
| 614 | |
---|
| 615 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
---|
| 616 | |
---|
| 617 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjpindex, kjit !! Domain size |
---|
| 618 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: u !! Eastward Lowest level wind speed (m s^{-1}) |
---|
| 619 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: v !! Northward Lowest level wind speed (m s^{-1}) |
---|
| 620 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: zlev !! Height of first atmospheric layer (m) |
---|
| 621 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: z0h !! Surface roughness Length for heat (m) |
---|
| 622 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: z0m !! Surface roughness Length for momentum (m) |
---|
| 623 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: roughheight !! Effective roughness height (m) |
---|
| 624 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: temp_sol !! Ground temperature (K) |
---|
| 625 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: temp_air !! Lowest level temperature (K) |
---|
| 626 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: qsurf !! near surface specific air humidity (kg kg^{-1}) |
---|
| 627 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: qair !! Lowest level specific air humidity (kg kg^{-1}) |
---|
| 628 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: snow !! Snow mass (kg) |
---|
| 629 | |
---|
| 630 | !! 0.2 Output variables |
---|
| 631 | |
---|
| 632 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (out) :: q_cdrag !! Surface drag coefficient (-) |
---|
| 633 | |
---|
| 634 | !! 0.3 Modified variables |
---|
| 635 | |
---|
| 636 | !! 0.4 Local variables |
---|
| 637 | |
---|
| 638 | INTEGER(i_std) :: ji, jv |
---|
| 639 | REAL(r_std) :: speed, zg, zdphi, ztvd, ztvs, zdu2 |
---|
| 640 | REAL(r_std) :: zri, cd_neut, zscf, cd_tmp |
---|
| 641 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 642 | |
---|
| 643 | !! 1. Initialisation |
---|
| 644 | |
---|
| 645 | ! test if we have to work with q_cdrag or to calcul it |
---|
| 646 | DO ji=1,kjpindex |
---|
| 647 | |
---|
| 648 | !! 1a).1 Designation of wind speed |
---|
| 649 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 650 | !! \input{diffucoaero1.tex} |
---|
| 651 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 652 | speed = wind(ji) |
---|
| 653 | |
---|
| 654 | !! 1a).2 Calculation of geopotentiel |
---|
| 655 | !! This is the definition of Geopotential height (e.g. Jacobson eqn.4.47, 2005). (required |
---|
| 656 | !! for calculation of the Richardson Number) |
---|
| 657 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 658 | !! \input{diffucoaero2.tex} |
---|
| 659 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 660 | zg = zlev(ji) * cte_grav |
---|
| 661 | |
---|
| 662 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 663 | !! \input{diffucoaero3.tex} |
---|
| 664 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 665 | zdphi = zg/cp_air |
---|
| 666 | |
---|
| 667 | !! 1a).3 Calculation of the virtual air temperature at the surface |
---|
| 668 | !! required for calculation of the Richardson Number |
---|
| 669 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 670 | !! \input{diffucoaero4.tex} |
---|
| 671 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 672 | ztvd = (temp_air(ji) + zdphi / (un + rvtmp2 * qair(ji))) * (un + retv * qair(ji)) |
---|
| 673 | |
---|
| 674 | !! 1a).4 Calculation of the virtual surface temperature |
---|
| 675 | !! required for calculation of the Richardson Number |
---|
| 676 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 677 | !! \input{diffucoaero5.tex} |
---|
| 678 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 679 | ztvs = temp_sol(ji) * (un + retv * qsurf(ji)) |
---|
| 680 | |
---|
| 681 | !! 1a).5 Calculation of the squared wind shear |
---|
| 682 | !! required for calculation of the Richardson Number |
---|
| 683 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 684 | !! \input{diffucoaero6.tex} |
---|
| 685 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 686 | zdu2 = MAX(cepdu2,speed**2) |
---|
| 687 | |
---|
| 688 | !! 1a).6 Calculation of the Richardson Number |
---|
| 689 | !! The Richardson Number is defined as the ratio of potential to kinetic energy, or, in the |
---|
| 690 | !! context of atmospheric science, of the generation of energy by wind shear against consumption |
---|
| 691 | !! by static stability and is an indicator of flow stability (i.e. for when laminar flow |
---|
| 692 | !! becomes turbulent and vise versa).\n |
---|
| 693 | !! It is approximated using the expression below: |
---|
| 694 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 695 | !! \input{diffucoaero7.tex} |
---|
| 696 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 697 | zri = zg * (ztvd - ztvs) / (zdu2 * ztvd) |
---|
| 698 | |
---|
| 699 | !! The Richardson Number hence calculated is subject to a minimum value: |
---|
| 700 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 701 | !! \input{diffucoaero8.tex} |
---|
| 702 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 703 | zri = MAX(MIN(zri,5.),-5.) |
---|
| 704 | |
---|
| 705 | !! 1a).7 Computing the drag coefficient |
---|
| 706 | !! We add the add the height of the vegetation to the level height to take into account |
---|
| 707 | !! that the level 'seen' by the vegetation is actually the top of the vegetation. Then we |
---|
| 708 | !! we can subtract the displacement height. |
---|
| 709 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 710 | !! \input{diffucoaero9.tex} |
---|
| 711 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 712 | |
---|
| 713 | !! 7.0 Snow smoothering |
---|
| 714 | !! Snow induces low levels of turbulence. |
---|
| 715 | !! Sensible heat fluxes can therefore be reduced of ~1/3. Pomeroy et al., 1998 |
---|
| 716 | cd_neut = ct_karman ** 2. / ( LOG( (zlev(ji) + roughheight(ji)) / z0m(ji) ) * LOG( (zlev(ji) + roughheight(ji)) / z0h(ji) ) ) |
---|
| 717 | |
---|
| 718 | !! 1a).7.1 - for the stable case (i.e $R_i$ $\geq$ 0) |
---|
| 719 | IF (zri .GE. zero) THEN |
---|
| 720 | |
---|
| 721 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 722 | !! \input{diffucoaero10.tex} |
---|
| 723 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 724 | zscf = SQRT(un + cd * ABS(zri)) |
---|
| 725 | |
---|
| 726 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 727 | !! \input{diffucoaero11.tex} |
---|
| 728 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 729 | cd_tmp=cd_neut/(un + trois * cb * zri * zscf) |
---|
| 730 | ELSE |
---|
| 731 | |
---|
| 732 | !! 1a).7.2 - for the unstable case (i.e. $R_i$ < 0) |
---|
| 733 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 734 | !! \input{diffucoaero12.tex} |
---|
| 735 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 736 | zscf = un / (un + trois * cb * cc * cd_neut * SQRT(ABS(zri) * & |
---|
| 737 | & ((zlev(ji) + roughheight(ji)) / z0m(ji)))) |
---|
| 738 | |
---|
| 739 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 740 | !! \input{diffucoaero13.tex} |
---|
| 741 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 742 | cd_tmp=cd_neut * (un - trois * cb * zri * zscf) |
---|
| 743 | ENDIF |
---|
| 744 | |
---|
| 745 | !! If the Drag Coefficient becomes too small than the surface may uncouple from the atmosphere. |
---|
| 746 | !! To prevent this, a minimum limit to the drag coefficient is defined as: |
---|
| 747 | |
---|
| 748 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 749 | !! \input{diffucoaero14.tex} |
---|
| 750 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 751 | !! |
---|
| 752 | q_cdrag(ji) = MAX(cd_tmp, min_qc/MAX(speed,min_wind)) |
---|
| 753 | |
---|
| 754 | ! In some situations it might be useful to give an upper limit on the cdrag as well. |
---|
| 755 | ! The line here should then be uncommented. |
---|
| 756 | !q_cdrag(ji) = MIN(q_cdrag(ji), 0.5/MAX(speed,min_wind)) |
---|
| 757 | |
---|
| 758 | END DO |
---|
| 759 | |
---|
| 760 | IF (printlev>=3) WRITE (numout,*) ' not ldqcdrag_from_gcm : diffuco_aero done ' |
---|
| 761 | |
---|
| 762 | END SUBROUTINE diffuco_aero |
---|
| 763 | |
---|
| 764 | |
---|
| 765 | !! ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 766 | !! SUBROUTINE : diffuco_snow |
---|
| 767 | !! |
---|
| 768 | !>\BRIEF This subroutine computes the beta coefficient for snow sublimation. |
---|
| 769 | !! |
---|
| 770 | !! DESCRIPTION : This routine computes beta coefficient for snow sublimation, which |
---|
| 771 | !! integrates the snow on both vegetation and other surface types (e.g. ice, lakes, |
---|
| 772 | !! cities etc.) \n |
---|
| 773 | !! |
---|
| 774 | !! A critical depth of snow (snowcri) is defined to calculate the fraction of each grid-cell |
---|
| 775 | !! that is covered with snow (snow/snowcri) while the remaining part is snow-free. |
---|
| 776 | !! We also carry out a first calculation of sublimation (subtest) to lower down the beta |
---|
| 777 | !! coefficient if necessary (if subtest > snow). This is a predictor-corrector test. |
---|
| 778 | !! |
---|
| 779 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): None |
---|
| 780 | !! |
---|
| 781 | !! MAIN OUTPUT VARIABLE(S): ::vbeta1 |
---|
| 782 | !! |
---|
| 783 | !! REFERENCE(S) : |
---|
| 784 | !! - de Noblet-Ducoudré, N, Laval, K & Perrier, A, 1993. SECHIBA, a new set of parameterisations |
---|
| 785 | !! of the hydrologic exchanges at the land-atmosphere interface within the LMD Atmospheric General |
---|
| 786 | !! Circulation Model. Journal of Climate, 6, pp. 248-273 |
---|
| 787 | !! - Guimberteau, M, 2010. Modélisation de l'hydrologie continentale et influences de l'irrigation |
---|
| 788 | !! sur le cycle de l'eau, PhD Thesis, available from: |
---|
| 789 | !! http://www.sisyphe.upmc.fr/~guimberteau/docs/manuscrit_these.pdf |
---|
| 790 | !! |
---|
| 791 | !! FLOWCHART : None |
---|
| 792 | !! \n |
---|
| 793 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 794 | |
---|
| 795 | SUBROUTINE diffuco_snow (kjpindex, qair, qsatt, rau, u, v,q_cdrag, & |
---|
| 796 | & snow, frac_nobio, totfrac_nobio, snow_nobio, frac_snow_veg, frac_snow_nobio, & |
---|
| 797 | vbeta1) |
---|
| 798 | |
---|
| 799 | !! 0. Variable and parameter declaration |
---|
| 800 | |
---|
| 801 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
---|
| 802 | |
---|
| 803 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjpindex !! Domain size (-) |
---|
| 804 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: qair !! Lowest level specific air humidity (kg kg^{-1}) |
---|
| 805 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: qsatt !! Surface saturated humidity (kg kg^{-1}) |
---|
| 806 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: rau !! Air density (kg m^{-3}) |
---|
| 807 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: u !! Eastward Lowest level wind speed (m s^{-1}) |
---|
| 808 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: v !! Northward Lowest level wind speed (m s^{-1}) |
---|
| 809 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: q_cdrag !! Surface drag coefficient (-) |
---|
| 810 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: snow !! Snow mass (kg m^{-2}) |
---|
| 811 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nnobio), INTENT (in) :: frac_nobio !! Fraction of ice, lakes, cities etc. (-) |
---|
| 812 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nnobio), INTENT (in) :: snow_nobio !! Snow on ice, lakes, cities etc. (-) |
---|
| 813 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: totfrac_nobio !! Total fraction of ice, lakes, cities etc. (-) |
---|
| 814 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT(in) :: frac_snow_veg !! Snow cover fraction on vegeted area |
---|
| 815 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nnobio), INTENT(in) :: frac_snow_nobio!! Snow cover fraction on non-vegeted area |
---|
| 816 | |
---|
| 817 | !! 0.2 Output variables |
---|
| 818 | |
---|
| 819 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (out) :: vbeta1 !! Beta for sublimation (dimensionless ratio) |
---|
| 820 | |
---|
| 821 | !! 0.3 Modified variables |
---|
| 822 | |
---|
| 823 | !! 0.4 Local variables |
---|
| 824 | |
---|
| 825 | REAL(r_std) :: subtest !! Sublimation for test (kg m^{-2}) |
---|
| 826 | REAL(r_std) :: zrapp !! Modified factor (ratio) |
---|
| 827 | REAL(r_std) :: speed !! Wind speed (m s^{-1}) |
---|
| 828 | REAL(r_std) :: vbeta1_add !! Beta for sublimation (ratio) |
---|
| 829 | INTEGER(i_std) :: ji, jv !! Indices (-) |
---|
| 830 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 831 | |
---|
| 832 | !! 1. Calculate beta coefficient for snow sublimation on the vegetation\n |
---|
| 833 | |
---|
| 834 | DO ji=1,kjpindex ! Loop over # pixels - domain size |
---|
| 835 | |
---|
| 836 | ! Fraction of mesh that can sublimate snow |
---|
| 837 | vbeta1(ji) = (un - totfrac_nobio(ji)) * frac_snow_veg(ji) |
---|
| 838 | |
---|
| 839 | ! Limitation of sublimation in case of snow amounts smaller than the atmospheric demand. |
---|
| 840 | speed = MAX(min_wind, wind(ji)) |
---|
| 841 | |
---|
| 842 | subtest = dt_sechiba * vbeta1(ji) * speed * q_cdrag(ji) * rau(ji) * & |
---|
| 843 | & ( qsatt(ji) - qair(ji) ) |
---|
| 844 | |
---|
| 845 | IF ( subtest .GT. min_sechiba ) THEN |
---|
| 846 | zrapp = snow(ji) / subtest |
---|
| 847 | IF ( zrapp .LT. un ) THEN |
---|
| 848 | vbeta1(ji) = vbeta1(ji) * zrapp |
---|
| 849 | ENDIF |
---|
| 850 | ENDIF |
---|
| 851 | |
---|
| 852 | END DO ! Loop over # pixels - domain size |
---|
| 853 | |
---|
| 854 | !! 2. Add the beta coefficients calculated from other surfaces types (snow on ice,lakes, cities...) |
---|
| 855 | |
---|
| 856 | DO jv = 1, nnobio ! Loop over # other surface types |
---|
| 857 | !!$ ! |
---|
| 858 | !!$ IF ( jv .EQ. iice ) THEN |
---|
| 859 | !!$ ! |
---|
| 860 | !!$ ! Land ice is of course a particular case |
---|
| 861 | !!$ ! |
---|
| 862 | !!$ DO ji=1,kjpindex |
---|
| 863 | !!$ vbeta1(ji) = vbeta1(ji) + frac_nobio(ji,jv) |
---|
| 864 | !!$ ENDDO |
---|
| 865 | !!$ ! |
---|
| 866 | !!$ ELSE |
---|
| 867 | ! |
---|
| 868 | DO ji=1,kjpindex ! Loop over # pixels - domain size |
---|
| 869 | |
---|
| 870 | vbeta1_add = frac_nobio(ji,jv) * frac_snow_nobio(ji, jv) |
---|
| 871 | |
---|
| 872 | ! Limitation of sublimation in case of snow amounts smaller than |
---|
| 873 | ! the atmospheric demand. |
---|
| 874 | speed = MAX(min_wind, wind(ji)) |
---|
| 875 | |
---|
| 876 | !! Limitation of sublimation by the snow accumulated on the ground |
---|
| 877 | !! A first approximation is obtained with the old values of |
---|
| 878 | !! qair and qsol_sat: function of temp-sol and pb. (see call of qsatcalc) |
---|
| 879 | subtest = dt_sechiba * vbeta1_add * speed * q_cdrag(ji) * rau(ji) * & |
---|
| 880 | & ( qsatt(ji) - qair(ji) ) |
---|
| 881 | |
---|
| 882 | IF ( subtest .GT. min_sechiba ) THEN |
---|
| 883 | zrapp = snow_nobio(ji,jv) / subtest |
---|
| 884 | IF ( zrapp .LT. un ) THEN |
---|
| 885 | vbeta1_add = vbeta1_add * zrapp |
---|
| 886 | ENDIF |
---|
| 887 | ENDIF |
---|
| 888 | |
---|
| 889 | vbeta1(ji) = vbeta1(ji) + vbeta1_add |
---|
| 890 | |
---|
| 891 | ENDDO ! Loop over # pixels - domain size |
---|
| 892 | |
---|
| 893 | !!$ ENDIF |
---|
| 894 | |
---|
| 895 | ENDDO ! Loop over # other surface types |
---|
| 896 | |
---|
| 897 | IF (printlev>=3) WRITE (numout,*) ' diffuco_snow done ' |
---|
| 898 | |
---|
| 899 | END SUBROUTINE diffuco_snow |
---|
| 900 | |
---|
| 901 | |
---|
| 902 | !! ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 903 | !! SUBROUTINE : diffuco_flood |
---|
| 904 | !! |
---|
| 905 | !>\BRIEF This routine computes partial beta coefficient : floodplains |
---|
| 906 | !! |
---|
| 907 | !! DESCRIPTION : |
---|
| 908 | !! |
---|
| 909 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): None |
---|
| 910 | !! |
---|
| 911 | !! MAIN OUTPUT VARIABLE(S) : vbeta5 |
---|
| 912 | !! |
---|
| 913 | !! REFERENCE(S) : None |
---|
| 914 | !! |
---|
| 915 | !! FLOWCHART : None |
---|
| 916 | !! \n |
---|
| 917 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 918 | |
---|
| 919 | SUBROUTINE diffuco_flood (kjpindex, qair, qsatt, rau, u, v, q_cdrag, evapot, evapot_corr, & |
---|
| 920 | & flood_frac, flood_res, vbeta5) |
---|
| 921 | |
---|
| 922 | ! interface description |
---|
| 923 | ! input scalar |
---|
| 924 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjpindex !! Domain size |
---|
| 925 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: qair !! Lowest level specific humidity |
---|
| 926 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: qsatt !! Surface saturated humidity |
---|
| 927 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: rau !! Density |
---|
| 928 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: u !! Lowest level wind speed |
---|
| 929 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: v !! Lowest level wind speed |
---|
| 930 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: q_cdrag !! Surface drag coefficient (-) |
---|
| 931 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: flood_res !! water mass in flood reservoir |
---|
| 932 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: flood_frac !! fraction of floodplains |
---|
| 933 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: evapot !! Potential evaporation |
---|
| 934 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: evapot_corr!! Potential evaporation2 |
---|
| 935 | ! output fields |
---|
| 936 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (out) :: vbeta5 !! Beta for floodplains |
---|
| 937 | |
---|
| 938 | ! local declaration |
---|
| 939 | REAL(r_std) :: subtest, zrapp, speed |
---|
| 940 | INTEGER(i_std) :: ji, jv |
---|
| 941 | |
---|
| 942 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 943 | ! |
---|
| 944 | ! beta coefficient for sublimation for floodplains |
---|
| 945 | ! |
---|
| 946 | DO ji=1,kjpindex |
---|
| 947 | ! |
---|
| 948 | IF (evapot(ji) .GT. min_sechiba) THEN |
---|
| 949 | vbeta5(ji) = flood_frac(ji) *evapot_corr(ji)/evapot(ji) |
---|
| 950 | ELSE |
---|
| 951 | vbeta5(ji) = flood_frac(ji) |
---|
| 952 | ENDIF |
---|
| 953 | ! |
---|
| 954 | ! -- Limitation of evaporation in case of water amounts smaller than |
---|
| 955 | ! the atmospheric demand. |
---|
| 956 | |
---|
| 957 | ! |
---|
| 958 | speed = MAX(min_wind, SQRT (u(ji)*u(ji) + v(ji)*v(ji))) |
---|
| 959 | ! |
---|
| 960 | subtest = dt_sechiba * vbeta5(ji) * speed * q_cdrag(ji) * rau(ji) * & |
---|
| 961 | & ( qsatt(ji) - qair(ji) ) |
---|
| 962 | ! |
---|
| 963 | IF ( subtest .GT. min_sechiba ) THEN |
---|
| 964 | zrapp = flood_res(ji) / subtest |
---|
| 965 | IF ( zrapp .LT. un ) THEN |
---|
| 966 | vbeta5(ji) = vbeta5(ji) * zrapp |
---|
| 967 | ENDIF |
---|
| 968 | ENDIF |
---|
| 969 | ! |
---|
| 970 | END DO |
---|
| 971 | |
---|
| 972 | IF (printlev>=3) WRITE (numout,*) ' diffuco_flood done ' |
---|
| 973 | |
---|
| 974 | END SUBROUTINE diffuco_flood |
---|
| 975 | |
---|
| 976 | |
---|
| 977 | !! ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 978 | !! SUBROUTINE : diffuco_inter |
---|
| 979 | !! |
---|
| 980 | !>\BRIEF This routine computes the partial beta coefficient |
---|
| 981 | !! for the interception for each type of vegetation |
---|
| 982 | !! |
---|
| 983 | !! DESCRIPTION : We first calculate the dry and wet parts of each PFT (wet part = qsintveg/qsintmax). |
---|
| 984 | !! The former is submitted to transpiration only (vbeta3 coefficient, calculated in |
---|
| 985 | !! diffuco_trans_co2), while the latter is first submitted to interception loss |
---|
| 986 | !! (vbeta2 coefficient) and then to transpiration once all the intercepted water has been evaporated |
---|
| 987 | !! (vbeta23 coefficient). Interception loss is also submitted to a predictor-corrector test, |
---|
| 988 | !! as for snow sublimation. \n |
---|
| 989 | !! |
---|
| 990 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 991 | !! \input{diffucointer1.tex} |
---|
| 992 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 993 | !! Calculate the wet fraction of vegetation as the ration between the intercepted water and the maximum water |
---|
| 994 | !! on the vegetation. This ratio defines the wet portion of vegetation that will be submitted to interception loss. |
---|
| 995 | !! |
---|
| 996 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 997 | !! \input{diffucointer2.tex} |
---|
| 998 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 999 | !! |
---|
| 1000 | !! Calculation of $\beta_3$, the canopy transpiration resistance |
---|
| 1001 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1002 | !! \input{diffucointer3.tex} |
---|
| 1003 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1004 | !! |
---|
| 1005 | !! We here determine the limitation of interception loss by the water stored on the leaf. |
---|
| 1006 | !! A first approximation of interception loss is obtained using the old values of |
---|
| 1007 | !! qair and qsol_sat, which are functions of temp-sol and pb. (see call of 'qsatcalc') |
---|
| 1008 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1009 | !! \input{diffucointer4.tex} |
---|
| 1010 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1011 | !! |
---|
| 1012 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1013 | !! \input{diffucointer5.tex} |
---|
| 1014 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1015 | !! |
---|
| 1016 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1017 | !! \input{diffucointer6.tex} |
---|
| 1018 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1019 | !! |
---|
| 1020 | !! Once the whole water stored on foliage has evaporated, transpiration can take place on the fraction |
---|
| 1021 | !! 'zqsvegrap'. |
---|
| 1022 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1023 | !! \input{diffucointer7.tex} |
---|
| 1024 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1025 | !! |
---|
| 1026 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): None |
---|
| 1027 | !! |
---|
| 1028 | !! MAIN OUTPUT VARIABLE(S): ::vbeta2, ::vbeta23 |
---|
| 1029 | !! |
---|
| 1030 | !! REFERENCE(S) : |
---|
| 1031 | !! - de Noblet-Ducoudré, N, Laval, K & Perrier, A, 1993. SECHIBA, a new set of parameterisations |
---|
| 1032 | !! of the hydrologic exchanges at the land-atmosphere interface within the LMD Atmospheric General |
---|
| 1033 | !! Circulation Model. Journal of Climate, 6, pp. 248-273 |
---|
| 1034 | !! - Guimberteau, M, 2010. Modélisation de l'hydrologie continentale et influences de l'irrigation |
---|
| 1035 | !! sur le cycle de l'eau, PhD Thesis, available from: |
---|
| 1036 | !! http://www.sisyphe.upmc.fr/~guimberteau/docs/manuscrit_these.pdf |
---|
| 1037 | !! - Perrier, A, 1975. Etude physique de l'évaporation dans les conditions naturelles. Annales |
---|
| 1038 | !! Agronomiques, 26(1-18): pp. 105-123, pp. 229-243 |
---|
| 1039 | !! |
---|
| 1040 | !! FLOWCHART : None |
---|
| 1041 | !! \n |
---|
| 1042 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 1043 | |
---|
| 1044 | SUBROUTINE diffuco_inter (kjpindex, qair, qsatt, rau, u, v, q_cdrag, humrel, veget, & |
---|
| 1045 | & qsintveg, qsintmax, rstruct, vbeta2, vbeta23) |
---|
| 1046 | |
---|
| 1047 | !! 0 Variable and parameter declaration |
---|
| 1048 | |
---|
| 1049 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
---|
| 1050 | |
---|
| 1051 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjpindex !! Domain size (-) |
---|
| 1052 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: qair !! Lowest level specific air humidity (kg kg^{-1}) |
---|
| 1053 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: qsatt !! Surface saturated humidity (kg kg^{-1}) |
---|
| 1054 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: rau !! Air Density (kg m^{-3}) |
---|
| 1055 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: u !! Eastward Lowest level wind speed (m s^{-1}) |
---|
| 1056 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: v !! Northward Lowest level wind speed (m s^{-1}) |
---|
| 1057 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: q_cdrag !! Surface drag coefficient (-) |
---|
| 1058 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: humrel !! Soil moisture stress (within range 0 to 1) |
---|
| 1059 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: veget !! vegetation fraction for each type (fraction) |
---|
| 1060 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: qsintveg !! Water on vegetation due to interception (kg m^{-2}) |
---|
| 1061 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: qsintmax !! Maximum water on vegetation (kg m^{-2}) |
---|
| 1062 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: rstruct !! architectural resistance (s m^{-1}) |
---|
| 1063 | |
---|
| 1064 | !! 0.2 Output variables |
---|
| 1065 | |
---|
| 1066 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: vbeta2 !! Beta for interception loss (-) |
---|
| 1067 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: vbeta23 !! Beta for fraction of wetted foliage that will |
---|
| 1068 | !! transpire (-) |
---|
| 1069 | |
---|
| 1070 | !! 0.4 Local variables |
---|
| 1071 | |
---|
| 1072 | INTEGER(i_std) :: ji, jv !! (-), (-) |
---|
| 1073 | REAL(r_std) :: zqsvegrap, ziltest, zrapp, speed !! |
---|
| 1074 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 1075 | |
---|
| 1076 | !! 1. Initialize |
---|
| 1077 | |
---|
| 1078 | vbeta2(:,:) = zero |
---|
| 1079 | vbeta23(:,:) = zero |
---|
| 1080 | |
---|
| 1081 | !! 2. The beta coefficient for interception by vegetation. |
---|
| 1082 | |
---|
| 1083 | DO jv = 2,nvm |
---|
| 1084 | |
---|
| 1085 | DO ji=1,kjpindex |
---|
| 1086 | |
---|
| 1087 | IF (veget(ji,jv) .GT. min_sechiba .AND. qsintveg(ji,jv) .GT. zero ) THEN |
---|
| 1088 | |
---|
| 1089 | zqsvegrap = zero |
---|
| 1090 | IF (qsintmax(ji,jv) .GT. min_sechiba ) THEN |
---|
| 1091 | |
---|
| 1092 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1093 | !! \input{diffucointer1.tex} |
---|
| 1094 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1095 | !! |
---|
| 1096 | !! We calculate the wet fraction of vegetation as the ration between the intercepted water and the maximum water |
---|
| 1097 | !! on the vegetation. This ratio defines the wet portion of vegetation that will be submitted to interception loss. |
---|
| 1098 | !! |
---|
| 1099 | zqsvegrap = MAX(zero, qsintveg(ji,jv) / qsintmax(ji,jv)) |
---|
| 1100 | END IF |
---|
| 1101 | |
---|
| 1102 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1103 | !! \input{diffucointer2.tex} |
---|
| 1104 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1105 | speed = MAX(min_wind, wind(ji)) |
---|
| 1106 | |
---|
| 1107 | !! Calculation of $\beta_3$, the canopy transpiration resistance |
---|
| 1108 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1109 | !! \input{diffucointer3.tex} |
---|
| 1110 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1111 | vbeta2(ji,jv) = veget(ji,jv) * zqsvegrap * (un / (un + speed * q_cdrag(ji) * rstruct(ji,jv))) |
---|
| 1112 | |
---|
| 1113 | !! We here determine the limitation of interception loss by the water stored on the leaf. |
---|
| 1114 | !! A first approximation of interception loss is obtained using the old values of |
---|
| 1115 | !! qair and qsol_sat, which are functions of temp-sol and pb. (see call of 'qsatcalc') |
---|
| 1116 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1117 | !! \input{diffucointer4.tex} |
---|
| 1118 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1119 | ziltest = dt_sechiba * vbeta2(ji,jv) * speed * q_cdrag(ji) * rau(ji) * & |
---|
| 1120 | & ( qsatt(ji) - qair(ji) ) |
---|
| 1121 | |
---|
| 1122 | IF ( ziltest .GT. min_sechiba ) THEN |
---|
| 1123 | |
---|
| 1124 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1125 | !! \input{diffucointer5.tex} |
---|
| 1126 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1127 | zrapp = qsintveg(ji,jv) / ziltest |
---|
| 1128 | IF ( zrapp .LT. un ) THEN |
---|
| 1129 | |
---|
| 1130 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1131 | !! \input{diffucointer6.tex} |
---|
| 1132 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1133 | !! |
---|
| 1134 | !! Once the whole water stored on foliage has evaporated, transpiration can take place on the fraction |
---|
| 1135 | !! 'zqsvegrap'. |
---|
| 1136 | IF ( humrel(ji,jv) >= min_sechiba ) THEN |
---|
| 1137 | vbeta23(ji,jv) = MAX(vbeta2(ji,jv) - vbeta2(ji,jv) * zrapp, zero) |
---|
| 1138 | ELSE |
---|
| 1139 | ! We don't want transpiration when the soil cannot deliver it |
---|
| 1140 | vbeta23(ji,jv) = zero |
---|
| 1141 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1142 | |
---|
| 1143 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1144 | !! \input{diffucointer7.tex} |
---|
| 1145 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1146 | vbeta2(ji,jv) = vbeta2(ji,jv) * zrapp |
---|
| 1147 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1148 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1149 | END IF |
---|
| 1150 | ! ! Autre formulation possible pour l'evaporation permettant une transpiration sur tout le feuillage |
---|
| 1151 | ! !commenter si formulation Nathalie sinon Tristan |
---|
| 1152 | ! speed = MAX(min_wind, wind(ji)) |
---|
| 1153 | ! |
---|
| 1154 | ! vbeta23(ji,jv) = MAX(zero, veget(ji,jv) * (un / (un + speed * q_cdrag(ji) * rstruct(ji,jv))) - vbeta2(ji,jv)) |
---|
| 1155 | |
---|
| 1156 | END DO |
---|
| 1157 | |
---|
| 1158 | END DO |
---|
| 1159 | |
---|
| 1160 | IF (printlev>=3) WRITE (numout,*) ' diffuco_inter done ' |
---|
| 1161 | |
---|
| 1162 | END SUBROUTINE diffuco_inter |
---|
| 1163 | |
---|
| 1164 | |
---|
| 1165 | !! ============================================================================================================================== |
---|
| 1166 | !! SUBROUTINE : diffuco_bare |
---|
| 1167 | !! |
---|
| 1168 | !>\BRIEF This routine computes the partial beta coefficient corresponding to |
---|
| 1169 | !! bare soil |
---|
| 1170 | !! |
---|
| 1171 | !! DESCRIPTION : Bare soil evaporation is submitted to a maximum possible flow (evap_bare_lim) |
---|
| 1172 | !! |
---|
| 1173 | !! Calculation of wind speed |
---|
| 1174 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1175 | !! \input{diffucobare1.tex} |
---|
| 1176 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1177 | !! |
---|
| 1178 | !! The calculation of $\beta_4$ |
---|
| 1179 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1180 | !! \input{diffucobare2.tex} |
---|
| 1181 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1182 | !! |
---|
| 1183 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): None |
---|
| 1184 | !! |
---|
| 1185 | !! MAIN OUTPUT VARIABLE(S): ::vbeta4 |
---|
| 1186 | !! |
---|
| 1187 | !! REFERENCE(S) : |
---|
| 1188 | !! - de Noblet-Ducoudré, N, Laval, K & Perrier, A, 1993. SECHIBA, a new set of parameterisations |
---|
| 1189 | !! of the hydrologic exchanges at the land-atmosphere interface within the LMD Atmospheric General |
---|
| 1190 | !! Circulation Model. Journal of Climate, 6, pp.248-273 |
---|
| 1191 | !! - Guimberteau, M, 2010. Modélisation de l'hydrologie continentale et influences de l'irrigation |
---|
| 1192 | !! sur le cycle de l'eau, PhD Thesis, available from: |
---|
| 1193 | !! http://www.sisyphe.upmc.fr/~guimberteau/docs/manuscrit_these.pdf |
---|
| 1194 | !! |
---|
| 1195 | !! FLOWCHART : None |
---|
| 1196 | !! \n |
---|
| 1197 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 1198 | |
---|
| 1199 | SUBROUTINE diffuco_bare (kjpindex, tot_bare_soil, veget_max, evap_bare_lim, evap_bare_lim_ns, vbeta2, vbeta3, vbeta4) |
---|
| 1200 | |
---|
| 1201 | !! 0. Variable and parameter declaration |
---|
| 1202 | |
---|
| 1203 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
---|
| 1204 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjpindex !! Domain size (-) |
---|
| 1205 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT(in) :: tot_bare_soil !! Total evaporating bare soil fraction |
---|
| 1206 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: veget_max !! Max. fraction of vegetation type (LAI->infty) |
---|
| 1207 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: vbeta2 !! Beta for Interception |
---|
| 1208 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: vbeta3 !! Beta for Transpiration |
---|
| 1209 | |
---|
| 1210 | !! 0.2 Output variables |
---|
| 1211 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (out) :: vbeta4 !! Beta for bare soil evaporation (-) |
---|
| 1212 | |
---|
| 1213 | !! 0.3 Modified variables |
---|
| 1214 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (inout) :: evap_bare_lim !! limiting factor for bare soil evaporation |
---|
| 1215 | !! when the 11-layer hydrology is used (-) |
---|
| 1216 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nstm), INTENT (inout) :: evap_bare_lim_ns !! limiting factor for bare soil evaporation |
---|
| 1217 | !! when the 11-layer hydrology is used (-) |
---|
| 1218 | !! 0.4 Local variables |
---|
| 1219 | INTEGER(i_std) :: ji |
---|
| 1220 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: vegtot |
---|
| 1221 | |
---|
| 1222 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 1223 | |
---|
| 1224 | !! 1. Calculation of the soil resistance and the beta (beta_4) for bare soil |
---|
| 1225 | |
---|
| 1226 | ! To use the new version of hydrol_split_soil and ensure the water conservation, we must have throughout sechiba at all time: |
---|
| 1227 | ! a) evap_bare_lim(ji) = SUM(evap_bare_lim_ns(ji,:)*soiltile(ji,:)*vegtot(ji)) |
---|
| 1228 | ! b) all the terms (vbeta4, evap_bare_lim, evap_bare_lim_ns) =0 if evap_bare_lim(ji) LE min_sechiba |
---|
| 1229 | ! This must also be kept true in diffuco_comb |
---|
| 1230 | |
---|
| 1231 | DO ji = 1, kjpindex |
---|
| 1232 | |
---|
| 1233 | ! The limitation by 1-beta2-beta3 is due to the fact that evaporation under vegetation is possible |
---|
| 1234 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1235 | !! \input{diffucobare3.tex} |
---|
| 1236 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1237 | |
---|
| 1238 | IF ( (evap_bare_lim(ji) .GT. min_sechiba) .AND. & |
---|
| 1239 | ! in this case we can't have vegtot LE min_sechina, cf hydrol_soil |
---|
| 1240 | (un - SUM(vbeta2(ji,:)+vbeta3(ji,:)) .GT. min_sechiba) ) THEN |
---|
| 1241 | ! eventually, none of the left-hand term is close to zero |
---|
| 1242 | |
---|
| 1243 | vegtot(ji) = SUM(veget_max(ji,:)) |
---|
| 1244 | IF (evap_bare_lim(ji) < (un - SUM(vbeta2(ji,:)+vbeta3(ji,:)))) THEN |
---|
| 1245 | ! Standard case |
---|
| 1246 | vbeta4(ji) = evap_bare_lim(ji) |
---|
| 1247 | ELSE |
---|
| 1248 | vbeta4(ji) = un - SUM(vbeta2(ji,:)+vbeta3(ji,:)) |
---|
| 1249 | |
---|
| 1250 | ! We now have to redefine evap_bare_lim & evap_bare_lim_ns |
---|
| 1251 | IF (evap_bare_lim(ji) .GT. min_sechiba) THEN |
---|
| 1252 | evap_bare_lim_ns(ji,:) = evap_bare_lim_ns(ji,:) * vbeta4(ji) / evap_bare_lim(ji) |
---|
| 1253 | ELSE ! we must re-invent evap_bare_lim_ns => uniform across soiltiles |
---|
| 1254 | evap_bare_lim_ns(ji,:) = tot_bare_soil(ji)/vegtot(ji) |
---|
| 1255 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1256 | |
---|
| 1257 | evap_bare_lim(ji) = vbeta4(ji) |
---|
| 1258 | ! consistent with evap_bare_lim(ji) = |
---|
| 1259 | ! SUM(evap_bare_lim_ns(ji,:)*soiltile(ji,:)*vegtot(ji)) |
---|
| 1260 | ! as SUM(soiltile(ji,:)) = 1 |
---|
| 1261 | END IF |
---|
| 1262 | |
---|
| 1263 | ELSE ! instead of having very small vbeta4, we set everything to zero |
---|
| 1264 | vbeta4(ji) = zero |
---|
| 1265 | evap_bare_lim(ji) = zero |
---|
| 1266 | evap_bare_lim_ns(ji,:) = zero |
---|
| 1267 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1268 | |
---|
| 1269 | END DO |
---|
| 1270 | |
---|
| 1271 | IF (printlev>=3) WRITE (numout,*) ' diffuco_bare done ' |
---|
| 1272 | |
---|
| 1273 | END SUBROUTINE diffuco_bare |
---|
| 1274 | |
---|
| 1275 | |
---|
| 1276 | !! ============================================================================================================================== |
---|
| 1277 | !! SUBROUTINE : diffuco_trans_co2 |
---|
| 1278 | !! |
---|
| 1279 | !>\BRIEF This subroutine computes carbon assimilation and stomatal |
---|
| 1280 | !! conductance, following respectively Farqhuar et al. (1980) and Ball et al. (1987). |
---|
| 1281 | !! |
---|
| 1282 | !! DESCRIPTION :\n |
---|
| 1283 | !! *** General:\n |
---|
| 1284 | !! The equations are different depending on the photosynthesis mode (C3 versus C4).\n |
---|
| 1285 | !! Assimilation and conductance are computed over 20 levels of LAI and then |
---|
| 1286 | !! integrated at the canopy level.\n |
---|
| 1287 | !! This routine also computes partial beta coefficient: transpiration for each |
---|
| 1288 | !! type of vegetation.\n |
---|
| 1289 | !! There is a main loop on the PFTs, then inner loops on the points where |
---|
| 1290 | !! assimilation has to be calculated.\n |
---|
| 1291 | !! This subroutine is called at each sechiba time step by sechiba_main.\n |
---|
| 1292 | !! *** Details: |
---|
| 1293 | !! - Integration at the canopy level\n |
---|
| 1294 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1295 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_1.1.tex} |
---|
| 1296 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1297 | !! - Light''s extinction \n |
---|
| 1298 | !! The available light follows a simple Beer extinction law. |
---|
| 1299 | !! The extinction coefficients (ext_coef) are PFT-dependant constants and are defined in constant_co2.f90.\n |
---|
| 1300 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1301 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_1.2.tex} |
---|
| 1302 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1303 | !! - Estimation of relative humidity of air (for calculation of the stomatal conductance)\n |
---|
| 1304 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1305 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_1.3.tex} |
---|
| 1306 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1307 | !! - Calculation of the water limitation factor\n |
---|
| 1308 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1309 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_2.1.tex} |
---|
| 1310 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1311 | !! - Calculation of temperature dependent parameters for C4 plants\n |
---|
| 1312 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1313 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_2.2.tex} |
---|
| 1314 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1315 | !! - Calculation of temperature dependent parameters for C3 plants\n |
---|
| 1316 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1317 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_2.3.tex} |
---|
| 1318 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1319 | !! - Vmax scaling\n |
---|
| 1320 | !! Vmax is scaled into the canopy due to reduction of nitrogen |
---|
| 1321 | !! (Johnson and Thornley,1984).\n |
---|
| 1322 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1323 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_2.4.1.tex} |
---|
| 1324 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1325 | !! - Assimilation for C4 plants (Collatz et al., 1992)\n |
---|
| 1326 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1327 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_2.4.2.tex} |
---|
| 1328 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1329 | !! - Assimilation for C3 plants (Farqhuar et al., 1980)\n |
---|
| 1330 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1331 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_2.4.3.tex} |
---|
| 1332 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1333 | !! - Estimation of the stomatal conductance (Ball et al., 1987)\n |
---|
| 1334 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1335 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_2.4.4.tex} |
---|
| 1336 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1337 | !! |
---|
| 1338 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): |
---|
| 1339 | !! |
---|
| 1340 | !! 2018/11 replaced t2m and q2m by temp_air and qair; prognostic variables on first atmospheric model layer |
---|
| 1341 | !! |
---|
| 1342 | !! 2006/06 N. de Noblet |
---|
| 1343 | !! - addition of q2m and t2m as input parameters for the |
---|
| 1344 | !! calculation of Rveget |
---|
| 1345 | !! - introduction of vbeta23 |
---|
| 1346 | !! |
---|
| 1347 | !! MAIN OUTPUT VARIABLE(S): beta coefficients, resistances, CO2 intercellular |
---|
| 1348 | !! concentration |
---|
| 1349 | !! |
---|
| 1350 | !! REFERENCE(S) : |
---|
| 1351 | !! - Ball, J., T. Woodrow, and J. Berry (1987), A model predicting stomatal |
---|
| 1352 | !! conductance and its contribution to the control of photosynthesis under |
---|
| 1353 | !! different environmental conditions, Prog. Photosynthesis, 4, 221â 224. |
---|
| 1354 | !! - Collatz, G., M. Ribas-Carbo, and J. Berry (1992), Coupled photosynthesis |
---|
| 1355 | !! stomatal conductance model for leaves of C4 plants, Aust. J. Plant Physiol., |
---|
| 1356 | !! 19, 519â538. |
---|
| 1357 | !! - Farquhar, G., S. von Caemmener, and J. Berry (1980), A biochemical model of |
---|
| 1358 | !! photosynthesis CO2 fixation in leaves of C3 species, Planta, 149, 78â90. |
---|
| 1359 | !! - Johnson, I. R., and J. Thornley (1984), A model of instantaneous and daily |
---|
| 1360 | !! canopy photosynthesis, J Theor. Biol., 107, 531 545 |
---|
| 1361 | !! - McMurtrie, R.E., Rook, D.A. and Kelliher, F.M., 1990. Modelling the yield of Pinus radiata on a |
---|
| 1362 | !! site limited by water and nitrogen. For. Ecol. Manage., 30: 381-413 |
---|
| 1363 | !! - Bounoua, L., Hall, F. G., Sellers, P. J., Kumar, A., Collatz, G. J., Tucker, C. J., and Imhoff, M. L. (2010), Quantifying the |
---|
| 1364 | !! negative feedback of vegetation to greenhouse warming: A modeling approach, Geophysical Research Letters, 37, Artn L23701, |
---|
| 1365 | !! Doi 10.1029/2010gl045338 |
---|
| 1366 | !! - Bounoua, L., Collatz, G. J., Sellers, P. J., Randall, D. A., Dazlich, D. A., Los, S. O., Berry, J. A., Fung, I., |
---|
| 1367 | !! Tucker, C. J., Field, C. B., and Jensen, T. G. (1999), Interactions between vegetation and climate: Radiative and physiological |
---|
| 1368 | !! effects of doubled atmospheric co2, Journal of Climate, 12, 309-324, Doi 10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012<0309:Ibvacr>2.0.Co;2 |
---|
| 1369 | !! - Sellers, P. J., Bounoua, L., Collatz, G. J., Randall, D. A., Dazlich, D. A., Los, S. O., Berry, J. A., Fung, I., |
---|
| 1370 | !! Tucker, C. J., Field, C. B., and Jensen, T. G. (1996), Comparison of radiative and physiological effects of doubled atmospheric |
---|
| 1371 | !! co2 on climate, Science, 271, 1402-1406, DOI 10.1126/science.271.5254.1402 |
---|
| 1372 | !! - Lewis, J. D., Ward, J. K., and Tissue, D. T. (2010), Phosphorus supply drives nonlinear responses of cottonwood |
---|
| 1373 | !! (populus deltoides) to increases in co2 concentration from glacial to future concentrations, New Phytologist, 187, 438-448, |
---|
| 1374 | !! DOI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03307.x |
---|
| 1375 | !! - Kattge, J., Knorr, W., Raddatz, T., and Wirth, C. (2009), Quantifying photosynthetic capacity and its relationship to leaf |
---|
| 1376 | !! nitrogen content for global-scale terrestrial biosphere models, Global Change Biology, 15, 976-991, |
---|
| 1377 | !! DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01744.x |
---|
| 1378 | !! |
---|
| 1379 | !! FLOWCHART : None |
---|
| 1380 | !! \n |
---|
| 1381 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 1382 | |
---|
| 1383 | SUBROUTINE diffuco_trans_co2 (kjpindex, swdown, pb, qsurf, qair, temp_air, temp_growth, rau, u, v, q_cdrag, humrel, & |
---|
| 1384 | assim_param, Ca, & |
---|
| 1385 | veget, veget_max, lai, qsintveg, qsintmax, vbeta3, vbeta3pot, rveget, rstruct, & |
---|
| 1386 | cimean, gsmean, gpp, & |
---|
| 1387 | co2_to_bm, vbeta23, hist_id, indexveg, indexlai, index, kjit, cim) |
---|
| 1388 | |
---|
| 1389 | ! |
---|
| 1390 | !! 0. Variable and parameter declaration |
---|
| 1391 | ! |
---|
| 1392 | |
---|
| 1393 | ! |
---|
| 1394 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
---|
| 1395 | ! |
---|
| 1396 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjpindex !! Domain size (unitless) |
---|
| 1397 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: swdown !! Downwelling short wave flux |
---|
| 1398 | !! @tex ($W m^{-2}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1399 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: pb !! Lowest level pressure (hPa) |
---|
| 1400 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: qsurf !! Near surface specific humidity |
---|
| 1401 | !! @tex ($kg kg^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1402 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: qair !! Specific humidity at first atmospheric model layer |
---|
| 1403 | !! @tex ($kg kg^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1404 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: temp_air !! Air temperature at first atmospheric model layer (K) |
---|
| 1405 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: temp_growth !! Growth temperature (°C) - Is equal to t2m_month |
---|
| 1406 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: rau !! air density @tex ($kg m^{-3}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1407 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: u !! Lowest level wind speed |
---|
| 1408 | !! @tex ($m s^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1409 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: v !! Lowest level wind speed |
---|
| 1410 | !! @tex ($m s^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1411 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: q_cdrag !! Surface drag coefficient (-) |
---|
| 1412 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm,npco2), INTENT (in) :: assim_param !! min+max+opt temps (K), vcmax, vjmax for |
---|
| 1413 | !! photosynthesis |
---|
| 1414 | !! @tex ($\mu mol m^{-2} s^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1415 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: Ca !! CO2 concentration inside the canopy |
---|
| 1416 | !! @tex ($\mu mol mol^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1417 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: humrel !! Soil moisture stress (0-1,unitless) |
---|
| 1418 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: veget !! Coverage fraction of vegetation for each PFT |
---|
| 1419 | !! depending on LAI (0-1, unitless) |
---|
| 1420 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: veget_max !! Maximum vegetation fraction of each PFT inside |
---|
| 1421 | !! the grid box (0-1, unitless) |
---|
| 1422 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: lai !! Leaf area index @tex ($m^2 m^{-2}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1423 | !! @tex ($m s^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1424 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: qsintveg !! Water on vegetation due to interception |
---|
| 1425 | !! @tex ($kg m^{-2}$) @endte |
---|
| 1426 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: qsintmax !! Maximum water on vegetation |
---|
| 1427 | !! @tex ($kg m^{-2}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1428 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: vbeta23 !! Beta for fraction of wetted foliage that will |
---|
| 1429 | !! transpire (unitless) |
---|
| 1430 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: co2_to_bm !! virtual gpp ((gC m^{-2} dt_sechiba ^{-1}), total area) |
---|
| 1431 | INTEGER(i_std),INTENT (in) :: hist_id !! _History_ file identifier (-) |
---|
| 1432 | INTEGER(i_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex*nvm), INTENT (in) :: indexveg !! Indeces of the points on the 3D map (-) |
---|
| 1433 | INTEGER(i_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex*(nlai+1)), INTENT (in) :: indexlai !! Indeces of the points on the 3D map |
---|
| 1434 | INTEGER(i_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: index !! Indeces of the points on the map (-) |
---|
| 1435 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjit !! Time step number (-) |
---|
| 1436 | ! |
---|
| 1437 | !! 0.2 Output variables |
---|
| 1438 | ! |
---|
| 1439 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: vbeta3 !! Beta for Transpiration (unitless) |
---|
| 1440 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: vbeta3pot !! Beta for Potential Transpiration |
---|
| 1441 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: rveget !! stomatal resistance of vegetation |
---|
| 1442 | !! @tex ($s m^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1443 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: rstruct !! structural resistance @tex ($s m^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1444 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: cimean !! mean intercellular CO2 concentration |
---|
| 1445 | !! @tex ($\mu mol mol^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1446 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: gsmean !! mean stomatal conductance to CO2 (umol m-2 s-1) |
---|
| 1447 | REAL(r_Std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: gpp !! Assimilation ((gC m^{-2} dt_sechiba^{-1}), total area) |
---|
| 1448 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (out) :: cim !! Intercellular CO2 over nlai |
---|
| 1449 | ! |
---|
| 1450 | !! 0.3 Modified variables |
---|
| 1451 | ! |
---|
| 1452 | |
---|
| 1453 | ! |
---|
| 1454 | !! 0.4 Local variables |
---|
| 1455 | ! |
---|
| 1456 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm) :: vcmax !! maximum rate of carboxylation |
---|
| 1457 | !! @tex ($\mu mol CO2 m^{-2} s^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1458 | INTEGER(i_std) :: ji, jv, jl, limit_photo !! indices (unitless) |
---|
| 1459 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex,nlai+1) :: info_limitphoto |
---|
| 1460 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex,nvm,nlai) :: leaf_ci !! intercellular CO2 concentration (ppm) |
---|
| 1461 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: leaf_ci_lowest !! intercellular CO2 concentration at the lowest |
---|
| 1462 | !! LAI level |
---|
| 1463 | !! @tex ($\mu mol mol^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1464 | INTEGER(i_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: ilai !! counter for loops on LAI levels (unitless) |
---|
| 1465 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: zqsvegrap !! relative water quantity in the water |
---|
| 1466 | !! interception reservoir (0-1,unitless) |
---|
| 1467 | REAL(r_std) :: speed !! wind speed @tex ($m s^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1468 | ! Assimilation |
---|
| 1469 | LOGICAL, DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: assimilate !! where assimilation is to be calculated |
---|
| 1470 | !! (unitless) |
---|
| 1471 | LOGICAL, DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: calculate !! where assimilation is to be calculated for |
---|
| 1472 | !! in the PFTs loop (unitless) |
---|
| 1473 | INTEGER(i_std) :: nic,inic,icinic !! counter/indices (unitless) |
---|
| 1474 | INTEGER(i_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: index_calc !! index (unitless) |
---|
| 1475 | INTEGER(i_std) :: nia,inia,nina,inina,iainia !! counter/indices (unitless) |
---|
| 1476 | INTEGER(i_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: index_assi,index_non_assi !! indices (unitless) |
---|
| 1477 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex, nlai+1) :: vc2 !! rate of carboxylation (at a specific LAI level) |
---|
| 1478 | !! @tex ($\mu mol CO2 m^{-2} s^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1479 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex, nlai+1) :: vj2 !! rate of Rubisco regeneration (at a specific LAI |
---|
| 1480 | !! level) @tex ($\mu mol e- m^{-2} s^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1481 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex, nlai+1) :: assimi !! assimilation (at a specific LAI level) |
---|
| 1482 | !! @tex ($\mu mol m^{-2} s^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1483 | !! (temporary variables) |
---|
| 1484 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: gstop !! stomatal conductance to H2O at topmost level |
---|
| 1485 | !! @tex ($m s^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1486 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex,nlai+1) :: gs !! stomatal conductance to CO2 |
---|
| 1487 | !! @tex ($\mol m^{-2} s^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1488 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex,nlai) :: templeafci |
---|
| 1489 | |
---|
| 1490 | |
---|
| 1491 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: gamma_star !! CO2 compensation point (ppm) |
---|
| 1492 | !! @tex ($\mu mol mol^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1493 | |
---|
| 1494 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: air_relhum !! air relative humidity at 2m |
---|
| 1495 | !! @tex ($kg kg^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1496 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: VPD !! Vapor Pressure Deficit (kPa) |
---|
| 1497 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: water_lim !! water limitation factor (0-1,unitless) |
---|
| 1498 | |
---|
| 1499 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: gstot !! total stomatal conductance to H2O |
---|
| 1500 | !! Final unit is |
---|
| 1501 | !! @tex ($m s^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1502 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: assimtot !! total assimilation |
---|
| 1503 | !! @tex ($\mu mol CO2 m^{-2} s^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1504 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: Rdtot !! Total Day respiration (respiratory CO2 release other than by photorespiration) (mumol CO2 mâ2 sâ1) |
---|
| 1505 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: leaf_gs_top !! leaf stomatal conductance to H2O at topmost level |
---|
| 1506 | !! @tex ($\mol H2O m^{-2} s^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1507 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(nlai+1) :: laitab !! tabulated LAI steps @tex ($m^2 m^{-2}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1508 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: qsatt !! surface saturated humidity at 2m (??) |
---|
| 1509 | !! @tex ($g g^{-1}$) @endtex |
---|
| 1510 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(nvm,nlai) :: light !! fraction of light that gets through upper LAI |
---|
| 1511 | !! levels (0-1,unitless) |
---|
| 1512 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: T_Vcmax !! Temperature dependance of Vcmax (unitless) |
---|
| 1513 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: S_Vcmax_acclim_temp !! Entropy term for Vcmax |
---|
| 1514 | !! accounting for acclimation to temperature (J K-1 mol-1) |
---|
| 1515 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: T_Jmax !! Temperature dependance of Jmax |
---|
| 1516 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: S_Jmax_acclim_temp !! Entropy term for Jmax |
---|
| 1517 | !! accounting for acclimation toxs temperature (J K-1 mol-1) |
---|
| 1518 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: T_gm !! Temperature dependance of gmw |
---|
| 1519 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: T_Rd !! Temperature dependance of Rd (unitless) |
---|
| 1520 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: T_Kmc !! Temperature dependance of KmC (unitless) |
---|
| 1521 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: T_KmO !! Temperature dependance of KmO (unitless) |
---|
| 1522 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: T_Sco !! Temperature dependance of Sco |
---|
| 1523 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: T_gamma_star !! Temperature dependance of gamma_star (unitless) |
---|
| 1524 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: vc !! Maximum rate of Rubisco activity-limited carboxylation (mumol CO2 mâ2 sâ1) |
---|
| 1525 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: vj !! Maximum rate of e- transport under saturated light (mumol CO2 mâ2 sâ1) |
---|
| 1526 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: gm !! Mesophyll diffusion conductance (molCO2 mâ2 sâ1 barâ1) |
---|
| 1527 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: g0var |
---|
| 1528 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex,nlai+1) :: Rd !! Day respiration (respiratory CO2 release other than by photorespiration) (mumol CO2 mâ2 sâ1) |
---|
| 1529 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: Kmc !! MichaelisâMenten constant of Rubisco for CO2 (mubar) |
---|
| 1530 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: KmO !! MichaelisâMenten constant of Rubisco for O2 (mubar) |
---|
| 1531 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: Sco !! Relative CO2 /O2 specificity factor for Rubisco (bar bar-1) |
---|
| 1532 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: gb_co2 !! Boundary-layer conductance (molCO2 mâ2 sâ1 barâ1) |
---|
| 1533 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: gb_h2o !! Boundary-layer conductance (molH2O mâ2 sâ1 barâ1) |
---|
| 1534 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: fvpd !! Factor for describing the effect of leaf-to-air vapour difference on gs (-) |
---|
| 1535 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: low_gamma_star !! Half of the reciprocal of Sc/o (bar bar-1) |
---|
| 1536 | REAL(r_std) :: N_Vcmax !! Nitrogen level dependance of Vcmacx and Jmax |
---|
| 1537 | REAL(r_std) :: fcyc !! Fraction of electrons at PSI that follow cyclic transport around PSI (-) |
---|
| 1538 | REAL(r_std) :: z !! A lumped parameter (see Yin et al. 2009) ( mol mol-1) |
---|
| 1539 | REAL(r_std) :: Rm !! Day respiration in the mesophyll (umol CO2 mâ2 sâ1) |
---|
| 1540 | REAL(r_std) :: Cs_star !! Cs -based CO2 compensation point in the absence of Rd (ubar) |
---|
| 1541 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: Iabs !! Photon flux density absorbed by leaf photosynthetic pigments (umol photon mâ2 sâ1) |
---|
| 1542 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: Jmax !! Maximum value of J under saturated light (umol eâ mâ2 sâ1) |
---|
| 1543 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex, nlai+1) :: JJ !! Rate of eâ transport (umol eâ mâ2 sâ1) |
---|
| 1544 | REAL(r_std) :: J2 !! Rate of all eâ transport through PSII (umol eâ mâ2 sâ1) |
---|
| 1545 | REAL(r_std) :: VpJ2 !! eâ transport-limited PEP carboxylation rate (umol CO2 mâ2 sâ1) |
---|
| 1546 | REAL(r_std) :: A_1, A_3 !! Lowest First and third roots of the analytical solution for a general cubic equation (see Appendix A of Yin et al. 2009) (umol CO2 mâ2 sâ1) |
---|
| 1547 | REAL(r_std) :: A_1_tmp, A_3_tmp !! Temporary First and third roots of the analytical solution for a general cubic equation (see Appendix A of Yin et al. 2009) (umol CO2 mâ2 sâ1) |
---|
| 1548 | REAL(r_std) :: Obs !! Bundle-sheath oxygen partial pressure (ubar) |
---|
| 1549 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex, nlai+1) :: Cc !! Chloroplast CO2 partial pressure (ubar) |
---|
| 1550 | REAL(r_std) :: ci_star !! Ci -based CO2 compensation point in the absence of Rd (ubar) |
---|
| 1551 | REAL(r_std) :: a,b,c,d,m,f,j,g,h,i,l,p,q,r !! Variables used for solving the cubic equation (see Yin et al. (2009)) |
---|
| 1552 | REAL(r_std) :: QQ,UU,PSI,x1,x2,x3 !! Variables used for solving the cubic equation (see Yin et al. (2009)) |
---|
| 1553 | |
---|
| 1554 | REAL(r_std) :: cresist !! coefficient for resistances (??) |
---|
| 1555 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: laisum !! when calculating cim over nlai |
---|
| 1556 | |
---|
| 1557 | ! @defgroup Photosynthesis Photosynthesis |
---|
| 1558 | ! @{ |
---|
| 1559 | ! 1. Preliminary calculations\n |
---|
| 1560 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 1561 | |
---|
| 1562 | cim(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1563 | leaf_ci(:,:,:) = zero |
---|
| 1564 | |
---|
| 1565 | ! |
---|
| 1566 | ! 1.1 Calculate LAI steps\n |
---|
| 1567 | ! The integration at the canopy level is done over nlai fixed levels. |
---|
| 1568 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1569 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_1.1.tex} |
---|
| 1570 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1571 | ! @} |
---|
| 1572 | ! @codeinc |
---|
| 1573 | DO jl = 1, nlai+1 |
---|
| 1574 | laitab(jl) = laimax*(EXP(lai_level_depth*REAL(jl-1,r_std))-1.)/(EXP(lai_level_depth*REAL(nlai,r_std))-un) |
---|
| 1575 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1576 | ! @endcodeinc |
---|
| 1577 | |
---|
| 1578 | ! @addtogroup Photosynthesis |
---|
| 1579 | ! @{ |
---|
| 1580 | ! |
---|
| 1581 | ! 1.2 Calculate light fraction for each LAI step\n |
---|
| 1582 | ! The available light follows a simple Beer extinction law. |
---|
| 1583 | ! The extinction coefficients (ext_coef) are PFT-dependant constants and are defined in constant_co2.f90. |
---|
| 1584 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1585 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_1.2.tex} |
---|
| 1586 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1587 | ! @} |
---|
| 1588 | ! @codeinc |
---|
| 1589 | DO jl = 1, nlai |
---|
| 1590 | DO jv = 1, nvm |
---|
| 1591 | light(jv,jl) = exp( -ext_coeff(jv)*laitab(jl) ) |
---|
| 1592 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1593 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1594 | ! @endcodeinc |
---|
| 1595 | ! |
---|
| 1596 | ! Photosynthesis parameters |
---|
| 1597 | ! |
---|
| 1598 | |
---|
| 1599 | ! Choice of downregulation. Note that downregulation_co2_new excludes |
---|
| 1600 | IF (downregulation_co2_new) THEN |
---|
| 1601 | ! Option used for CMIP6 version from 6.1.11 |
---|
| 1602 | ! A minimum value is used for the CO2 concentration(Ca) |
---|
| 1603 | ! For low CO2 concentration values(under downregulation_co2_minimum) the |
---|
| 1604 | ! parametrization allows a behavior in the same way as for the preindustral period. |
---|
| 1605 | DO jv= 1, nvm |
---|
| 1606 | vcmax(:,jv) = assim_param(:,jv,ivcmax)*(un-downregulation_co2_coeff_new(jv) * & |
---|
| 1607 | (MAX(Ca(:),downregulation_co2_minimum)-downregulation_co2_baselevel) / & |
---|
| 1608 | (MAX(Ca(:),downregulation_co2_minimum)+20.)) |
---|
| 1609 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1610 | ELSE IF (downregulation_co2) THEN |
---|
| 1611 | ! Option used for CMIP6 version 6.1.0 up to 6.1.10 |
---|
| 1612 | DO jv= 1, nvm |
---|
| 1613 | vcmax(:,jv) = assim_param(:,jv,ivcmax)*(un-downregulation_co2_coeff(jv) * & |
---|
| 1614 | log(Ca(:)/downregulation_co2_baselevel)) |
---|
| 1615 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1616 | ELSE |
---|
| 1617 | vcmax(:,:) = assim_param(:,:,ivcmax) |
---|
| 1618 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1619 | |
---|
| 1620 | ! DO jv = 1, nvm |
---|
| 1621 | ! vcmax(:,:) = Vcmax25(jv) |
---|
| 1622 | ! ENDDO |
---|
| 1623 | |
---|
| 1624 | ! @addtogroup Photosynthesis |
---|
| 1625 | ! @{ |
---|
| 1626 | ! |
---|
| 1627 | ! 1.3 Estimate relative humidity of air (for calculation of the stomatal conductance).\n |
---|
| 1628 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1629 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_1.3.tex} |
---|
| 1630 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1631 | ! @} |
---|
| 1632 | ! |
---|
| 1633 | |
---|
| 1634 | CALL qsatcalc (kjpindex, temp_air, pb, qsatt) |
---|
| 1635 | air_relhum(:) = & |
---|
| 1636 | ( qair(:) * pb(:) / (Tetens_1+qair(:)* Tetens_2) ) / & |
---|
| 1637 | ( qsatt(:)*pb(:) / (Tetens_1+qsatt(:)*Tetens_2 ) ) |
---|
| 1638 | |
---|
| 1639 | |
---|
| 1640 | VPD(:) = ( qsatt(:)*pb(:) / (Tetens_1+qsatt(:)*Tetens_2 ) ) & |
---|
| 1641 | - ( qair(:) * pb(:) / (Tetens_1+qair(:)* Tetens_2) ) |
---|
| 1642 | ! VPD is needed in kPa |
---|
| 1643 | VPD(:) = VPD(:)/10. |
---|
| 1644 | |
---|
| 1645 | ! |
---|
| 1646 | ! 2. beta coefficient for vegetation transpiration |
---|
| 1647 | ! |
---|
| 1648 | rstruct(:,1) = rstruct_const(1) |
---|
| 1649 | rveget(:,:) = undef_sechiba |
---|
| 1650 | ! |
---|
| 1651 | vbeta3(:,:) = zero |
---|
| 1652 | vbeta3pot(:,:) = zero |
---|
| 1653 | gsmean(:,:) = zero |
---|
| 1654 | gpp(:,:) = zero |
---|
| 1655 | ! |
---|
| 1656 | cimean(:,1) = Ca(:) |
---|
| 1657 | ! |
---|
| 1658 | ! @addtogroup Photosynthesis |
---|
| 1659 | ! @{ |
---|
| 1660 | ! 2. Loop over vegetation types\n |
---|
| 1661 | ! @} |
---|
| 1662 | ! |
---|
| 1663 | DO jv = 2,nvm |
---|
| 1664 | gamma_star(:)=zero |
---|
| 1665 | Kmo(:)=zero |
---|
| 1666 | Kmc(:)=zero |
---|
| 1667 | gm(:)=zero |
---|
| 1668 | g0var(:) =zero |
---|
| 1669 | |
---|
| 1670 | Cc(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1671 | Vc2(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1672 | JJ(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1673 | info_limitphoto(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1674 | gs(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1675 | templeafci(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1676 | assimi(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1677 | Rd(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1678 | |
---|
| 1679 | ! |
---|
| 1680 | ! @addtogroup Photosynthesis |
---|
| 1681 | ! @{ |
---|
| 1682 | ! |
---|
| 1683 | ! 2.1 Initializations\n |
---|
| 1684 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1685 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_2.1.tex} |
---|
| 1686 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1687 | ! @} |
---|
| 1688 | ! |
---|
| 1689 | ! beta coefficient for vegetation transpiration |
---|
| 1690 | ! |
---|
| 1691 | rstruct(:,jv) = rstruct_const(jv) |
---|
| 1692 | cimean(:,jv) = Ca(:) |
---|
| 1693 | ! |
---|
| 1694 | !! mask that contains points where there is photosynthesis |
---|
| 1695 | !! For the sake of vectorisation [DISPENSABLE], computations are done only for convenient points. |
---|
| 1696 | !! nia is the number of points where the assimilation is calculated and nina the number of points where photosynthesis is not |
---|
| 1697 | !! calculated (based on criteria on minimum or maximum values on LAI, vegetation fraction, shortwave incoming radiation, |
---|
| 1698 | !! temperature and relative humidity). |
---|
| 1699 | !! For the points where assimilation is not calculated, variables are initialized to specific values. |
---|
| 1700 | !! The assimilate(kjpindex) array contains the logical value (TRUE/FALSE) relative to this photosynthesis calculation. |
---|
| 1701 | !! The index_assi(kjpindex) array indexes the nia points with assimilation, whereas the index_no_assi(kjpindex) array indexes |
---|
| 1702 | !! the nina points with no assimilation. |
---|
| 1703 | nia=0 |
---|
| 1704 | nina=0 |
---|
| 1705 | ! |
---|
| 1706 | DO ji=1,kjpindex |
---|
| 1707 | ! |
---|
| 1708 | IF ( ( lai(ji,jv) .GT. 0.01 ) .AND. & |
---|
| 1709 | ( veget_max(ji,jv) .GT. min_sechiba ) ) THEN |
---|
| 1710 | |
---|
| 1711 | IF ( ( veget(ji,jv) .GT. min_sechiba ) .AND. & |
---|
| 1712 | ( swdown(ji) .GT. min_sechiba ) .AND. & |
---|
| 1713 | ( humrel(ji,jv) .GT. min_sechiba) .AND. & |
---|
| 1714 | ( temp_growth(ji) .GT. tphoto_min(jv) ) .AND. & |
---|
| 1715 | ( temp_growth(ji) .LT. tphoto_max(jv) ) ) THEN |
---|
| 1716 | ! |
---|
| 1717 | assimilate(ji) = .TRUE. |
---|
| 1718 | nia=nia+1 |
---|
| 1719 | index_assi(nia)=ji |
---|
| 1720 | ! |
---|
| 1721 | ELSE |
---|
| 1722 | ! |
---|
| 1723 | assimilate(ji) = .FALSE. |
---|
| 1724 | nina=nina+1 |
---|
| 1725 | index_non_assi(nina)=ji |
---|
| 1726 | ! |
---|
| 1727 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1728 | ELSE |
---|
| 1729 | ! |
---|
| 1730 | assimilate(ji) = .FALSE. |
---|
| 1731 | nina=nina+1 |
---|
| 1732 | index_non_assi(nina)=ji |
---|
| 1733 | ! |
---|
| 1734 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1735 | ! |
---|
| 1736 | |
---|
| 1737 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1738 | ! |
---|
| 1739 | |
---|
| 1740 | gstot(:) = zero |
---|
| 1741 | gstop(:) = zero |
---|
| 1742 | assimtot(:) = zero |
---|
| 1743 | Rdtot(:)=zero |
---|
| 1744 | leaf_gs_top(:) = zero |
---|
| 1745 | ! |
---|
| 1746 | zqsvegrap(:) = zero |
---|
| 1747 | WHERE (qsintmax(:,jv) .GT. min_sechiba) |
---|
| 1748 | !! relative water quantity in the water interception reservoir |
---|
| 1749 | zqsvegrap(:) = MAX(zero, qsintveg(:,jv) / qsintmax(:,jv)) |
---|
| 1750 | ENDWHERE |
---|
| 1751 | ! |
---|
| 1752 | !! Calculates the water limitation factor. |
---|
| 1753 | water_lim(:) = humrel(:,jv) |
---|
| 1754 | |
---|
| 1755 | ! give a default value of ci for all pixel that do not assimilate |
---|
| 1756 | DO jl=1,nlai |
---|
| 1757 | DO inina=1,nina |
---|
| 1758 | leaf_ci(index_non_assi(inina),jv,jl) = Ca(index_non_assi(inina)) |
---|
| 1759 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1760 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1761 | ! |
---|
| 1762 | ilai(:) = 1 |
---|
| 1763 | ! |
---|
| 1764 | ! Here is the calculation of assimilation and stomatal conductance |
---|
| 1765 | ! based on the work of Farquahr, von Caemmerer and Berry (FvCB model) |
---|
| 1766 | ! as described in Yin et al. 2009 |
---|
| 1767 | ! Yin et al. developed a extended version of the FvCB model for C4 plants |
---|
| 1768 | ! and proposed an analytical solution for both photosynthesis pathways (C3 and C4) |
---|
| 1769 | ! Photosynthetic parameters used are those reported in Yin et al. |
---|
| 1770 | ! Except For Vcmax25, relationships between Vcmax25 and Jmax25 for which we use |
---|
| 1771 | ! Medlyn et al. (2002) and Kattge & Knorr (2007) |
---|
| 1772 | ! Because these 2 references do not consider mesophyll conductance, we neglect this term |
---|
| 1773 | ! in the formulations developed by Yin et al. |
---|
| 1774 | ! Consequently, gm (the mesophyll conductance) tends to the infinite |
---|
| 1775 | ! This is of importance because as stated by Kattge & Knorr and Medlyn et al., |
---|
| 1776 | ! values of Vcmax and Jmax derived with different model parametrizations are not |
---|
| 1777 | ! directly comparable and the published values of Vcmax and Jmax had to be standardized |
---|
| 1778 | ! to one consistent formulation and parametrization |
---|
| 1779 | |
---|
| 1780 | ! See eq. 6 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 1781 | ! Parametrization of Medlyn et al. (2002) - from Bernacchi et al. (2001) |
---|
| 1782 | T_KmC(:) = Arrhenius(kjpindex,temp_air,298.,E_KmC(jv)) |
---|
| 1783 | T_KmO(:) = Arrhenius(kjpindex,temp_air,298.,E_KmO(jv)) |
---|
| 1784 | T_Sco(:) = Arrhenius(kjpindex,temp_air,298.,E_Sco(jv)) |
---|
| 1785 | T_gamma_star(:) = Arrhenius(kjpindex,temp_air,298.,E_gamma_star(jv)) |
---|
| 1786 | |
---|
| 1787 | |
---|
| 1788 | ! Parametrization of Yin et al. (2009) - from Bernacchi et al. (2001) |
---|
| 1789 | T_Rd(:) = Arrhenius(kjpindex,temp_air,298.,E_Rd(jv)) |
---|
| 1790 | |
---|
| 1791 | |
---|
| 1792 | ! For C3 plants, we assume that the Entropy term for Vcmax and Jmax |
---|
| 1793 | ! acclimates to temperature as shown by Kattge & Knorr (2007) - Eq. 9 and 10 |
---|
| 1794 | ! and that Jmax and Vcmax respond to temperature following a modified Arrhenius function |
---|
| 1795 | ! (with a decrease of these parameters for high temperature) as in Medlyn et al. (2002) |
---|
| 1796 | ! and Kattge & Knorr (2007). |
---|
| 1797 | ! In Yin et al. (2009), temperature dependance to Vcmax is based only on a Arrhenius function |
---|
| 1798 | ! Concerning this apparent unconsistency, have a look to the section 'Limitation of |
---|
| 1799 | ! Photosynthesis by gm' of Bernacchi (2002) that may provide an explanation |
---|
| 1800 | |
---|
| 1801 | ! Growth temperature tested by Kattge & Knorr range from 11 to 35°C |
---|
| 1802 | ! So, we limit the relationship between these lower and upper limits |
---|
| 1803 | S_Jmax_acclim_temp(:) = aSJ(jv) + bSJ(jv) * MAX(11., MIN(temp_growth(:),35.)) |
---|
| 1804 | T_Jmax(:) = Arrhenius_modified(kjpindex,temp_air,298.,E_Jmax(jv),D_Jmax(jv),S_Jmax_acclim_temp) |
---|
| 1805 | |
---|
| 1806 | S_Vcmax_acclim_temp(:) = aSV(jv) + bSV(jv) * MAX(11., MIN(temp_growth(:),35.)) |
---|
| 1807 | T_Vcmax(:) = Arrhenius_modified(kjpindex,temp_air,298.,E_Vcmax(jv),D_Vcmax(jv),S_Vcmax_acclim_temp) |
---|
| 1808 | |
---|
| 1809 | |
---|
| 1810 | |
---|
| 1811 | vc(:) = vcmax(:,jv) * T_Vcmax(:) |
---|
| 1812 | ! As shown by Kattge & Knorr (2007), we make use |
---|
| 1813 | ! of Jmax25/Vcmax25 ratio (rJV) that acclimates to temperature for C3 plants |
---|
| 1814 | ! rJV is written as a function of the growth temperature |
---|
| 1815 | ! rJV = arJV + brJV * T_month |
---|
| 1816 | ! See eq. 10 of Kattge & Knorr (2007) |
---|
| 1817 | ! and Table 3 for Values of arJV anf brJV |
---|
| 1818 | ! Growth temperature is monthly temperature (expressed in °C) - See first paragraph of |
---|
| 1819 | ! section Methods/Data of Kattge & Knorr |
---|
| 1820 | vj(:) = ( arJV(jv) + brJV(jv) * MAX(11., MIN(temp_growth(:),35.)) ) * vcmax(:,jv) * T_Jmax(:) |
---|
| 1821 | |
---|
| 1822 | T_gm(:) = Arrhenius_modified(kjpindex,temp_air,298.,E_gm(jv),D_gm(jv),S_gm(jv)) |
---|
| 1823 | gm(:) = gm25(jv) * T_gm(:) * MAX(1-stress_gm(jv), water_lim(:)) |
---|
| 1824 | |
---|
| 1825 | g0var(:) = g0(jv)* MAX(1-stress_gs(jv), water_lim(:)) |
---|
| 1826 | ! @endcodeinc |
---|
| 1827 | ! |
---|
| 1828 | KmC(:)=KmC25(jv)*T_KmC(:) |
---|
| 1829 | KmO(:)=KmO25(jv)*T_KmO(:) |
---|
| 1830 | Sco(:)=Sco25(jv)*T_sco(:) |
---|
| 1831 | gamma_star(:) = gamma_star25(jv)*T_gamma_star(:) |
---|
| 1832 | |
---|
| 1833 | |
---|
| 1834 | |
---|
| 1835 | ! low_gamma_star is defined by Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 1836 | ! as the half of the reciprocal of Sco - See Table 2 |
---|
| 1837 | low_gamma_star(:) = 0.5 / Sco(:) |
---|
| 1838 | |
---|
| 1839 | ! VPD expressed in kPa |
---|
| 1840 | ! Note : MIN(1.-min_sechiba,MAX(min_sechiba,(a1(jv) - b1(jv) * VPD(:)))) is always between 0-1 not including 0 and 1 |
---|
| 1841 | fvpd(:) = 1. / ( 1. / MIN(1.-min_sechiba,MAX(min_sechiba,(a1(jv) - b1(jv) * VPD(:)))) - 1. ) & |
---|
| 1842 | * MAX(1-stress_gs(jv), water_lim(:)) |
---|
| 1843 | |
---|
| 1844 | ! leaf boundary layer conductance |
---|
| 1845 | ! conversion from a conductance in (m s-1) to (mol H2O m-2 s-1) |
---|
| 1846 | ! from Pearcy et al. (1991, see below) |
---|
| 1847 | gb_h2o(:) = gb_ref * 44.6 * (tp_00/temp_air(:)) * (pb(:)/pb_std) |
---|
| 1848 | |
---|
| 1849 | ! conversion from (mol H2O m-2 s-1) to (mol CO2 m-2 s-1) |
---|
| 1850 | gb_co2(:) = gb_h2o(:) / ratio_H2O_to_CO2 |
---|
| 1851 | |
---|
| 1852 | ! |
---|
| 1853 | ! @addtogroup Photosynthesis |
---|
| 1854 | ! @{ |
---|
| 1855 | ! |
---|
| 1856 | ! 2.4 Loop over LAI discretized levels to estimate assimilation and conductance\n |
---|
| 1857 | ! @} |
---|
| 1858 | ! |
---|
| 1859 | !! The calculate(kjpindex) array is of type logical to indicate wether we have to sum over this LAI fixed level (the LAI of |
---|
| 1860 | !! the point for the PFT is lower or equal to the LAI level value). The number of such points is incremented in nic and the |
---|
| 1861 | !! corresponding point is indexed in the index_calc array. |
---|
| 1862 | JJ(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1863 | vc2(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1864 | vj2(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1865 | Cc(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1866 | gs(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1867 | assimi(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1868 | Rd(:,:)=zero |
---|
| 1869 | |
---|
| 1870 | DO jl = 1, nlai |
---|
| 1871 | ! |
---|
| 1872 | nic=0 |
---|
| 1873 | calculate(:) = .FALSE. |
---|
| 1874 | ! |
---|
| 1875 | IF (nia .GT. 0) then |
---|
| 1876 | DO inia=1,nia |
---|
| 1877 | calculate(index_assi(inia)) = (laitab(jl) .LE. lai(index_assi(inia),jv) ) |
---|
| 1878 | IF ( calculate(index_assi(inia)) ) THEN |
---|
| 1879 | nic=nic+1 |
---|
| 1880 | index_calc(nic)=index_assi(inia) |
---|
| 1881 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1882 | ENDDO |
---|
| 1883 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1884 | ! |
---|
| 1885 | ! @addtogroup Photosynthesis |
---|
| 1886 | ! @{ |
---|
| 1887 | ! |
---|
| 1888 | ! 2.4.1 Vmax is scaled into the canopy due to reduction of nitrogen |
---|
| 1889 | !! (Johnson and Thornley,1984).\n |
---|
| 1890 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1891 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_2.4.1.tex} |
---|
| 1892 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1893 | ! @} |
---|
| 1894 | ! |
---|
| 1895 | N_Vcmax = ( un - .7_r_std * ( un - light(jv,jl) ) ) |
---|
| 1896 | ! |
---|
| 1897 | |
---|
| 1898 | vc2(:,jl) = vc(:) * N_Vcmax * MAX(1-stress_vcmax(jv), water_lim(:)) |
---|
| 1899 | vj2(:,jl) = vj(:) * N_Vcmax * MAX(1-stress_vcmax(jv), water_lim(:)) |
---|
| 1900 | |
---|
| 1901 | ! see Comment in legend of Fig. 6 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 1902 | ! Rd25 is assumed to equal 0.01 Vcmax25 |
---|
| 1903 | Rd(:,jl) = vcmax(:,jv) * N_Vcmax * 0.01 * T_Rd(:) * MAX(1-stress_vcmax(jv), water_lim(:)) |
---|
| 1904 | |
---|
| 1905 | Iabs(:)=swdown(:)*W_to_mol*RG_to_PAR*ext_coeff(jv)*light(jv,jl) |
---|
| 1906 | |
---|
| 1907 | ! eq. 4 of Yin et al (2009) |
---|
| 1908 | Jmax(:)=vj2(:,jl) |
---|
| 1909 | JJ(:,jl) = ( alpha_LL(jv) * Iabs(:) + Jmax(:) - sqrt((alpha_LL(jv) * Iabs(:) + Jmax(:) )**2. & |
---|
| 1910 | - 4 * theta(jv) * Jmax(:) * alpha_LL(jv) * Iabs(:)) ) & |
---|
| 1911 | / ( 2 * theta(jv)) |
---|
| 1912 | |
---|
| 1913 | ! |
---|
| 1914 | IF ( is_c4(jv) ) THEN |
---|
| 1915 | ! |
---|
| 1916 | ! @addtogroup Photosynthesis |
---|
| 1917 | ! @{ |
---|
| 1918 | ! |
---|
| 1919 | ! 2.4.2 Assimilation for C4 plants (Collatz et al., 1992)\n |
---|
| 1920 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 1921 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_2.4.2.tex} |
---|
| 1922 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 1923 | ! @} |
---|
| 1924 | ! |
---|
| 1925 | ! |
---|
| 1926 | ! |
---|
| 1927 | IF (nic .GT. 0) THEN |
---|
| 1928 | DO inic=1,nic |
---|
| 1929 | |
---|
| 1930 | ! Analytical resolution of the Assimilation based Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 1931 | icinic=index_calc(inic) |
---|
| 1932 | |
---|
| 1933 | ! Eq. 28 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 1934 | fcyc= 1. - ( 4.*(1.-fpsir(jv))*(1.+fQ(jv)) + 3.*h_protons(jv)*fpseudo(jv) ) / & |
---|
| 1935 | ( 3.*h_protons(jv) - 4.*(1.-fpsir(jv))) |
---|
| 1936 | |
---|
| 1937 | ! See paragraph after eq. (20b) of Yin et al. |
---|
| 1938 | Rm=Rd(icinic,jl)/2. |
---|
| 1939 | |
---|
| 1940 | ! We assume that cs_star equals ci_star (see Comment in legend of Fig. 6 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 1941 | ! Equation 26 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 1942 | Cs_star = (gbs(jv) * low_gamma_star(icinic) * Oi - & |
---|
| 1943 | ( 1. + low_gamma_star(icinic) * alpha(jv) / 0.047) * Rd(icinic,jl) + Rm ) & |
---|
| 1944 | / ( gbs(jv) + kp(jv) ) |
---|
| 1945 | |
---|
| 1946 | ! eq. 11 of Yin et al (2009) |
---|
| 1947 | J2 = JJ(icinic,jl) / ( 1. - fpseudo(jv) / ( 1. - fcyc ) ) |
---|
| 1948 | |
---|
| 1949 | ! Equation right after eq. (20d) of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 1950 | z = ( 2. + fQ(jv) - fcyc ) / ( h_protons(jv) * (1. - fcyc )) |
---|
| 1951 | |
---|
| 1952 | VpJ2 = fpsir(jv) * J2 * z / 2. |
---|
| 1953 | |
---|
| 1954 | A_3=9999. |
---|
| 1955 | |
---|
| 1956 | ! See eq. right after eq. 18 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 1957 | DO limit_photo=1,2 |
---|
| 1958 | ! Is Vc limiting the Assimilation |
---|
| 1959 | IF ( limit_photo .EQ. 1 ) THEN |
---|
| 1960 | a = 1. + kp(jv) / gbs(jv) |
---|
| 1961 | b = 0. |
---|
| 1962 | x1 = Vc2(icinic,jl) |
---|
| 1963 | x2 = KmC(icinic)/KmO(icinic) |
---|
| 1964 | x3 = KmC(icinic) |
---|
| 1965 | ! Is J limiting the Assimilation |
---|
| 1966 | ELSE |
---|
| 1967 | a = 1. |
---|
| 1968 | b = VpJ2 |
---|
| 1969 | x1 = (1.- fpsir(jv)) * J2 * z / 3. |
---|
| 1970 | x2 = 7. * low_gamma_star(icinic) / 3. |
---|
| 1971 | x3 = 0. |
---|
| 1972 | ENDIF |
---|
| 1973 | |
---|
| 1974 | m=fvpd(icinic)-g0var(icinic)/gb_co2(icinic) |
---|
| 1975 | d=g0var(icinic)*(Ca(icinic)-Cs_star) + fvpd(icinic)*Rd(icinic,jl) |
---|
| 1976 | f=(b-Rm-low_gamma_star(icinic)*Oi*gbs(jv))*x1*d + a*gbs(jv)*x1*Ca(icinic)*d |
---|
| 1977 | j=(b-Rm+gbs(jv)*x3 + x2*gbs(jv)*Oi)*m + (alpha(jv)*x2/0.047-1.)*d & |
---|
| 1978 | + a*gbs(jv)*(Ca(icinic)*m - d/gb_co2(icinic) - (Ca(icinic) - Cs_star )) |
---|
| 1979 | |
---|
| 1980 | g=(b-Rm-low_gamma_star(icinic)*Oi*gbs(jv))*x1*m - (alpha(jv)*low_gamma_star(icinic)/0.047+1.)*x1*d & |
---|
| 1981 | + a*gbs(jv)*x1*(Ca(icinic)*m - d/gb_co2(icinic) - (Ca(icinic)-Cs_star )) |
---|
| 1982 | |
---|
| 1983 | h=-((alpha(jv)*low_gamma_star(icinic)/0.047+1.)*x1*m + (a*gbs(jv)*x1*(m-1.))/gb_co2(icinic) ) |
---|
| 1984 | i= ( b-Rm + gbs(jv)*x3 + x2*gbs(jv)*Oi )*d + a*gbs(jv)*Ca(icinic)*d |
---|
| 1985 | l= ( alpha(jv)*x2/0.047 - 1.)*m - (a*gbs(jv)*(m-1.))/gb_co2(icinic) |
---|
| 1986 | |
---|
| 1987 | p = (j-(h-l*Rd(icinic,jl))) / l |
---|
| 1988 | q = (i+j*Rd(icinic,jl)-g) / l |
---|
| 1989 | r = -(f-i*Rd(icinic,jl)) / l |
---|
| 1990 | |
---|
| 1991 | ! See Yin et al. (2009) and Baldocchi (1994) |
---|
| 1992 | QQ = ( (p**2._r_std) - 3._r_std * q) / 9._r_std |
---|
| 1993 | UU = ( 2._r_std* (p**3._r_std) - 9._r_std *p*q + 27._r_std *r) /54._r_std |
---|
| 1994 | |
---|
| 1995 | IF ( (QQ .GE. 0._r_std) .AND. (ABS(UU/(QQ**1.5_r_std) ) .LE. 1._r_std) ) THEN |
---|
| 1996 | PSI = ACOS(UU/(QQ**1.5_r_std)) |
---|
| 1997 | A_3_tmp = -2._r_std * SQRT(QQ) * COS(( PSI + 4._r_std * PI)/3._r_std ) - p / 3._r_std |
---|
| 1998 | IF (( A_3_tmp .LT. A_3 )) THEN |
---|
| 1999 | A_3 = A_3_tmp |
---|
| 2000 | info_limitphoto(icinic,jl)=2. |
---|
| 2001 | ELSE |
---|
| 2002 | ! In case, J is not limiting the assimilation |
---|
| 2003 | ! we have to re-initialise a, b, x1, x2 and x3 values |
---|
| 2004 | ! in agreement with a Vc-limited assimilation |
---|
| 2005 | a = 1. + kp(jv) / gbs(jv) |
---|
| 2006 | b = 0. |
---|
| 2007 | x1 = Vc2(icinic,jl) |
---|
| 2008 | x2 = KmC(icinic)/KmO(icinic) |
---|
| 2009 | x3 = KmC(icinic) |
---|
| 2010 | info_limitphoto(icinic,jl)=1. |
---|
| 2011 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2012 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2013 | |
---|
| 2014 | IF ( ( A_3 .EQ. 9999. ) .OR. ( A_3 .LT. (-Rd(icinic,jl)) ) ) THEN |
---|
| 2015 | IF ( printlev>=4 ) THEN |
---|
| 2016 | WRITE(numout,*) 'We have a problem in diffuco_trans_co2 for A_3' |
---|
| 2017 | WRITE(numout,*) 'no real positive solution found for pft:',jv |
---|
| 2018 | WRITE(numout,*) 'temp_air:',temp_air(icinic) |
---|
| 2019 | WRITE(numout,*) 'vpd:',vpd(icinic) |
---|
| 2020 | END IF |
---|
| 2021 | A_3 = -Rd(icinic,jl) |
---|
| 2022 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2023 | assimi(icinic,jl) = A_3 |
---|
| 2024 | |
---|
| 2025 | IF ( ABS( assimi(icinic,jl) + Rd(icinic,jl) ) .LT. min_sechiba ) THEN |
---|
| 2026 | gs(icinic,jl) = g0var(icinic) |
---|
| 2027 | !leaf_ci keeps its initial value (Ca). |
---|
| 2028 | ELSE |
---|
| 2029 | ! Eq. 24 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 2030 | Obs = ( alpha(jv) * assimi(icinic,jl) ) / ( 0.047 * gbs(jv) ) + Oi |
---|
| 2031 | ! Eq. 23 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 2032 | Cc(icinic,jl) = ( ( assimi(icinic,jl) + Rd(icinic,jl) ) * ( x2 * Obs + x3 ) + low_gamma_star(icinic) & |
---|
| 2033 | * Obs * x1 ) & |
---|
| 2034 | / MAX(min_sechiba, x1 - ( assimi(icinic,jl) + Rd(icinic,jl) )) |
---|
| 2035 | ! Eq. 22 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 2036 | leaf_ci(icinic,jv,jl) = ( Cc(icinic,jl) - ( b - assimi(icinic,jl) - Rm ) / gbs(jv) ) / a |
---|
| 2037 | ! Eq. 25 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 2038 | ! It should be Cs instead of Ca but it seems that |
---|
| 2039 | ! other equations in Appendix C make use of Ca |
---|
| 2040 | gs(icinic,jl) = g0var(icinic) + ( assimi(icinic,jl) + Rd(icinic,jl) ) / & |
---|
| 2041 | ( Ca(icinic) - Cs_star ) * fvpd(icinic) |
---|
| 2042 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2043 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2044 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2045 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2046 | ELSE |
---|
| 2047 | ! |
---|
| 2048 | ! @addtogroup Photosynthesis |
---|
| 2049 | ! @{ |
---|
| 2050 | ! |
---|
| 2051 | ! 2.4.3 Assimilation for C3 plants (Farqhuar et al., 1980)\n |
---|
| 2052 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2053 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_2.4.3.tex} |
---|
| 2054 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2055 | ! @} |
---|
| 2056 | ! |
---|
| 2057 | ! |
---|
| 2058 | IF (nic .GT. 0) THEN |
---|
| 2059 | DO inic=1,nic |
---|
| 2060 | icinic=index_calc(inic) |
---|
| 2061 | |
---|
| 2062 | A_1=9999. |
---|
| 2063 | |
---|
| 2064 | ! See eq. right after eq. 18 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 2065 | DO limit_photo=1,2 |
---|
| 2066 | ! Is Vc limiting the Assimilation |
---|
| 2067 | IF ( limit_photo .EQ. 1 ) THEN |
---|
| 2068 | x1 = vc2(icinic,jl) |
---|
| 2069 | ! It should be O not Oi (comment from Vuichard) |
---|
| 2070 | x2 = KmC(icinic) * ( 1. + 2*gamma_star(icinic)*Sco(icinic) / KmO(icinic) ) |
---|
| 2071 | ! Is J limiting the Assimilation |
---|
| 2072 | ELSE |
---|
| 2073 | x1 = JJ(icinic,jl)/4. |
---|
| 2074 | x2 = 2. * gamma_star(icinic) |
---|
| 2075 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2076 | |
---|
| 2077 | |
---|
| 2078 | ! See Appendix B of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 2079 | a = g0var(icinic) * ( x2 + gamma_star(icinic) ) + & |
---|
| 2080 | ( g0var(icinic) / gm(icinic) + fvpd(icinic) ) * ( x1 - Rd(icinic,jl) ) |
---|
| 2081 | b = Ca(icinic) * ( x1 - Rd(icinic,jl) ) - gamma_star(icinic) * x1 - Rd(icinic,jl) * x2 |
---|
| 2082 | c = Ca(icinic) + x2 + ( 1./gm(icinic) + 1./gb_co2(icinic) ) * ( x1 - Rd(icinic,jl) ) |
---|
| 2083 | d = x2 + gamma_star(icinic) + ( x1 - Rd(icinic,jl) ) / gm(icinic) |
---|
| 2084 | m = 1./gm(icinic) + ( g0var(icinic)/gm(icinic) + fvpd(icinic) ) * ( 1./gm(icinic) + 1./gb_co2(icinic) ) |
---|
| 2085 | |
---|
| 2086 | p = - ( d + (x1 - Rd(icinic,jl) ) / gm(icinic) + a * ( 1./gm(icinic) + 1./gb_co2(icinic) ) + & |
---|
| 2087 | ( g0var(icinic)/gm(icinic) + fvpd(icinic) ) * c ) / m |
---|
| 2088 | |
---|
| 2089 | q = ( d * ( x1 - Rd(icinic,jl) ) + a*c + ( g0var(icinic)/gm(icinic) + fvpd(icinic) ) * b ) / m |
---|
| 2090 | r = - a * b / m |
---|
| 2091 | |
---|
| 2092 | ! See Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 2093 | QQ = ( (p**2._r_std) - 3._r_std * q) / 9._r_std |
---|
| 2094 | UU = ( 2._r_std* (p**3._r_std) - 9._r_std *p*q + 27._r_std *r) /54._r_std |
---|
| 2095 | |
---|
| 2096 | IF ( (QQ .GE. 0._r_std) .AND. (ABS(UU/(QQ**1.5_r_std) ) .LE. 1._r_std) ) THEN |
---|
| 2097 | PSI = ACOS(UU/(QQ**1.5_r_std)) |
---|
| 2098 | A_1_tmp = -2._r_std * SQRT(QQ) * COS( PSI / 3._r_std ) - p / 3._r_std |
---|
| 2099 | IF (( A_1_tmp .LT. A_1 )) THEN |
---|
| 2100 | A_1 = A_1_tmp |
---|
| 2101 | info_limitphoto(icinic,jl)=2. |
---|
| 2102 | ELSE |
---|
| 2103 | ! In case, J is not limiting the assimilation |
---|
| 2104 | ! we have to re-initialise x1 and x2 values |
---|
| 2105 | ! in agreement with a Vc-limited assimilation |
---|
| 2106 | x1 = vc2(icinic,jl) |
---|
| 2107 | ! It should be O not Oi (comment from Vuichard) |
---|
| 2108 | x2 = KmC(icinic) * ( 1. + 2*gamma_star(icinic)*Sco(icinic) / KmO(icinic) ) |
---|
| 2109 | info_limitphoto(icinic,jl)=1. |
---|
| 2110 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2111 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2112 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2113 | IF ( (A_1 .EQ. 9999.) .OR. ( A_1 .LT. (-Rd(icinic,jl)) ) ) THEN |
---|
| 2114 | IF ( printlev>=4 ) THEN |
---|
| 2115 | WRITE(numout,*) 'We have a problem in diffuco_trans_co2 for A_1' |
---|
| 2116 | WRITE(numout,*) 'no real positive solution found for pft:',jv |
---|
| 2117 | WRITE(numout,*) 'temp_air:',temp_air(icinic) |
---|
| 2118 | WRITE(numout,*) 'vpd:',vpd(icinic) |
---|
| 2119 | END IF |
---|
| 2120 | A_1 = -Rd(icinic,jl) |
---|
| 2121 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2122 | assimi(icinic,jl) = A_1 |
---|
| 2123 | |
---|
| 2124 | IF ( ABS( assimi(icinic,jl) + Rd(icinic,jl) ) .LT. min_sechiba ) THEN |
---|
| 2125 | gs(icinic,jl) = g0var(icinic) |
---|
| 2126 | ELSE |
---|
| 2127 | ! Eq. 18 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 2128 | Cc(icinic,jl) = ( gamma_star(icinic) * x1 + ( assimi(icinic,jl) + Rd(icinic,jl) ) * x2 ) & |
---|
| 2129 | / MAX( min_sechiba, x1 - ( assimi(icinic,jl) + Rd(icinic,jl) ) ) |
---|
| 2130 | ! Eq. 17 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 2131 | leaf_ci(icinic,jv,jl) = Cc(icinic,jl) + assimi(icinic,jl) / gm(icinic) |
---|
| 2132 | ! See eq. right after eq. 15 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 2133 | ci_star = gamma_star(icinic) - Rd(icinic,jl) / gm(icinic) |
---|
| 2134 | ! |
---|
| 2135 | ! Eq. 15 of Yin et al. (2009) |
---|
| 2136 | gs(icinic,jl) = g0var(icinic) + ( assimi(icinic,jl) + Rd(icinic,jl) ) / ( leaf_ci(icinic,jv,jl) & |
---|
| 2137 | - ci_star ) * fvpd(icinic) |
---|
| 2138 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2139 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2140 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2141 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2142 | ! |
---|
| 2143 | IF (nic .GT. 0) THEN |
---|
| 2144 | ! |
---|
| 2145 | DO inic=1,nic |
---|
| 2146 | ! |
---|
| 2147 | ! @addtogroup Photosynthesis |
---|
| 2148 | ! @{ |
---|
| 2149 | ! |
---|
| 2150 | !! 2.4.4 Estimatation of the stomatal conductance (Ball et al., 1987).\n |
---|
| 2151 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2152 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_2.4.4.tex} |
---|
| 2153 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2154 | ! @} |
---|
| 2155 | ! |
---|
| 2156 | icinic=index_calc(inic) |
---|
| 2157 | ! |
---|
| 2158 | ! keep stomatal conductance of topmost level |
---|
| 2159 | ! |
---|
| 2160 | IF ( jl .EQ. 1 ) THEN |
---|
| 2161 | leaf_gs_top(icinic) = gs(icinic,jl) |
---|
| 2162 | ! |
---|
| 2163 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2164 | ! |
---|
| 2165 | ! @addtogroup Photosynthesis |
---|
| 2166 | ! @{ |
---|
| 2167 | ! |
---|
| 2168 | !! 2.4.5 Integration at the canopy level\n |
---|
| 2169 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2170 | !! \input{diffuco_trans_co2_2.4.5.tex} |
---|
| 2171 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2172 | ! @} |
---|
| 2173 | ! total assimilation and conductance |
---|
| 2174 | assimtot(icinic) = assimtot(icinic) + & |
---|
| 2175 | assimi(icinic,jl) * (laitab(jl+1)-laitab(jl)) |
---|
| 2176 | Rdtot(icinic) = Rdtot(icinic) + & |
---|
| 2177 | Rd(icinic,jl) * (laitab(jl+1)-laitab(jl)) |
---|
| 2178 | gstot(icinic) = gstot(icinic) + & |
---|
| 2179 | gs(icinic,jl) * (laitab(jl+1)-laitab(jl)) |
---|
| 2180 | ! |
---|
| 2181 | ilai(icinic) = jl |
---|
| 2182 | ! |
---|
| 2183 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2184 | ! |
---|
| 2185 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2186 | ENDDO ! loop over LAI steps |
---|
| 2187 | |
---|
| 2188 | IF(jv==testpft) THEN |
---|
| 2189 | templeafci(:,:)=leaf_ci(:,testpft,:) |
---|
| 2190 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'Cc', kjit, Cc, kjpindex*(nlai+1), indexlai) |
---|
| 2191 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'Vc', kjit, Vc2, kjpindex*(nlai+1), indexlai) |
---|
| 2192 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'Vj', kjit, JJ, kjpindex*(nlai+1), indexlai) |
---|
| 2193 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'limitphoto', kjit, info_limitphoto, kjpindex*(nlai+1), indexlai) |
---|
| 2194 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'gammastar', kjit, gamma_star, kjpindex,index) |
---|
| 2195 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'Kmo', kjit, Kmo, kjpindex,index) |
---|
| 2196 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'Kmc', kjit, Kmc, kjpindex,index) |
---|
| 2197 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'gm', kjit, gm, kjpindex, index) |
---|
| 2198 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'gs', kjit, gs, kjpindex*(nlai+1), indexlai) |
---|
| 2199 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'leafci', kjit, templeafci, kjpindex*(nlai), indexlai) |
---|
| 2200 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'assimi', kjit, assimi, kjpindex*(nlai+1), indexlai) |
---|
| 2201 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'Rd', kjit, Rd, kjpindex*(nlai+1), indexlai) |
---|
| 2202 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2203 | !! Calculated intercellular CO2 over nlai needed for the chemistry module |
---|
| 2204 | cim(:,jv)=0. |
---|
| 2205 | laisum(:)=0 |
---|
| 2206 | DO jl=1,nlai |
---|
| 2207 | WHERE (laitab(jl) .LE. lai(:,jv) ) |
---|
| 2208 | cim(:,jv)= cim(:,jv)+leaf_ci(:,jv,jl)*(laitab(jl+1)-laitab(jl)) |
---|
| 2209 | laisum(:)=laisum(:)+ (laitab(jl+1)-laitab(jl)) |
---|
| 2210 | ENDWHERE |
---|
| 2211 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2212 | WHERE (laisum(:)>0) |
---|
| 2213 | cim(:,jv)= cim(:,jv)/laisum(:) |
---|
| 2214 | ENDWHERE |
---|
| 2215 | |
---|
| 2216 | |
---|
| 2217 | ! |
---|
| 2218 | !! 2.5 Calculate resistances |
---|
| 2219 | ! |
---|
| 2220 | IF (nia .GT. 0) THEN |
---|
| 2221 | ! |
---|
| 2222 | DO inia=1,nia |
---|
| 2223 | ! |
---|
| 2224 | iainia=index_assi(inia) |
---|
| 2225 | |
---|
| 2226 | !! Mean stomatal conductance for CO2 (mol m-2 s-1) |
---|
| 2227 | gsmean(iainia,jv) = gstot(iainia) |
---|
| 2228 | ! |
---|
| 2229 | ! cimean is the "mean ci" calculated in such a way that assimilation |
---|
| 2230 | ! calculated in enerbil is equivalent to assimtot |
---|
| 2231 | ! |
---|
| 2232 | IF ( ABS(gsmean(iainia,jv)-g0var(iainia)*laisum(iainia)) .GT. min_sechiba) THEN |
---|
| 2233 | cimean(iainia,jv) = (fvpd(iainia)*(assimtot(iainia)+Rdtot(iainia))) /& |
---|
| 2234 | (gsmean(iainia,jv)-g0var(iainia)*laisum(iainia)) + gamma_star(iainia) |
---|
| 2235 | ELSE |
---|
| 2236 | cimean(iainia,jv) = gamma_star(iainia) |
---|
| 2237 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2238 | |
---|
| 2239 | ! conversion from umol m-2 (PFT) s-1 to gC m-2 (mesh area) tstep-1 |
---|
| 2240 | gpp(iainia,jv) = assimtot(iainia)*12e-6*veget_max(iainia,jv)*dt_sechiba |
---|
| 2241 | |
---|
| 2242 | ! |
---|
| 2243 | ! conversion from mol/m^2/s to m/s |
---|
| 2244 | ! |
---|
| 2245 | ! As in Pearcy, Schulze and Zimmermann |
---|
| 2246 | ! Measurement of transpiration and leaf conductance |
---|
| 2247 | ! Chapter 8 of Plant Physiological Ecology |
---|
| 2248 | ! Field methods and instrumentation, 1991 |
---|
| 2249 | ! Editors: |
---|
| 2250 | ! |
---|
| 2251 | ! Robert W. Pearcy, |
---|
| 2252 | ! James R. Ehleringer, |
---|
| 2253 | ! Harold A. Mooney, |
---|
| 2254 | ! Philip W. Rundel |
---|
| 2255 | ! |
---|
| 2256 | ! ISBN: 978-0-412-40730-7 (Print) 978-94-010-9013-1 (Online) |
---|
| 2257 | |
---|
| 2258 | gstot(iainia) = mol_to_m_1 *(temp_air(iainia)/tp_00)*& |
---|
| 2259 | (pb_std/pb(iainia))*gstot(iainia)*ratio_H2O_to_CO2 |
---|
| 2260 | gstop(iainia) = mol_to_m_1 * (temp_air(iainia)/tp_00)*& |
---|
| 2261 | (pb_std/pb(iainia))*leaf_gs_top(iainia)*ratio_H2O_to_CO2*& |
---|
| 2262 | laitab(ilai(iainia)+1) |
---|
| 2263 | ! |
---|
| 2264 | rveget(iainia,jv) = un/gstop(iainia) |
---|
| 2265 | |
---|
| 2266 | ! |
---|
| 2267 | ! |
---|
| 2268 | ! rstruct is the difference between rtot (=1./gstot) and rveget |
---|
| 2269 | ! |
---|
| 2270 | ! Correction Nathalie - le 27 Mars 2006 - Interdire a rstruct d'etre negatif |
---|
| 2271 | !rstruct(iainia,jv) = un/gstot(iainia) - & |
---|
| 2272 | ! rveget(iainia,jv) |
---|
| 2273 | rstruct(iainia,jv) = MAX( un/gstot(iainia) - & |
---|
| 2274 | rveget(iainia,jv), min_sechiba) |
---|
| 2275 | ! |
---|
| 2276 | ! |
---|
| 2277 | !! wind is a global variable of the diffuco module. |
---|
| 2278 | speed = MAX(min_wind, wind(iainia)) |
---|
| 2279 | ! |
---|
| 2280 | ! beta for transpiration |
---|
| 2281 | ! |
---|
| 2282 | ! Corrections Nathalie - 28 March 2006 - on advices of Fred Hourdin |
---|
| 2283 | !! Introduction of a potentiometer rveg_pft to settle the rveg+rstruct sum problem in the coupled mode. |
---|
| 2284 | !! rveg_pft=1 in the offline mode. rveg_pft is a global variable declared in the diffuco module. |
---|
| 2285 | !vbeta3(iainia,jv) = veget_max(iainia,jv) * & |
---|
| 2286 | ! (un - zqsvegrap(iainia)) * & |
---|
| 2287 | ! (un / (un + speed * q_cdrag(iainia) * (rveget(iainia,jv) + & |
---|
| 2288 | ! rstruct(iainia,jv)))) |
---|
| 2289 | !! Global resistance of the canopy to evaporation |
---|
| 2290 | cresist=(un / (un + speed * q_cdrag(iainia) * & |
---|
| 2291 | veget(iainia,jv)/veget_max(iainia,jv) * & |
---|
| 2292 | (rveg_pft(jv)*(rveget(iainia,jv) + rstruct(iainia,jv))))) |
---|
| 2293 | |
---|
| 2294 | IF ( humrel(iainia,jv) >= min_sechiba ) THEN |
---|
| 2295 | vbeta3(iainia,jv) = veget(iainia,jv) * & |
---|
| 2296 | (un - zqsvegrap(iainia)) * cresist + & |
---|
| 2297 | MIN( vbeta23(iainia,jv), veget(iainia,jv) * & |
---|
| 2298 | zqsvegrap(iainia) * cresist ) |
---|
| 2299 | ELSE |
---|
| 2300 | ! Because of a minimum conductance g0, vbeta3 cannot be zero even if humrel=0 |
---|
| 2301 | ! in the above equation. |
---|
| 2302 | ! Here, we force transpiration to be zero when the soil cannot deliver it |
---|
| 2303 | vbeta3(iainia,jv) = zero |
---|
| 2304 | END IF |
---|
| 2305 | |
---|
| 2306 | ! vbeta3pot for computation of potential transpiration (needed for irrigation) |
---|
| 2307 | vbeta3pot(iainia,jv) = MAX(zero, veget(iainia,jv) * cresist) |
---|
| 2308 | ! |
---|
| 2309 | ! |
---|
| 2310 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2311 | ! |
---|
| 2312 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2313 | ! |
---|
| 2314 | END DO ! loop over vegetation types |
---|
| 2315 | ! |
---|
| 2316 | |
---|
| 2317 | ! Add virtual gpp (co2_to_bm) to the gpp. |
---|
| 2318 | ! Virtual gpp can be created when introducing new pft or for correction of carbon fluxes |
---|
| 2319 | ! for instance for adjustment of Ra at end of the day. |
---|
| 2320 | gpp(:,:) = gpp(:,:) + co2_to_bm(:,:) |
---|
| 2321 | |
---|
| 2322 | IF (printlev>=3) WRITE (numout,*) ' diffuco_trans_co2 done ' |
---|
| 2323 | |
---|
| 2324 | IF ( almaoutput ) THEN |
---|
| 2325 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'vpd', kjit, VPD, kjpindex, index) |
---|
| 2326 | CALL histwrite_p(hist_id, 'fvpd', kjit, fvpd, kjpindex, index) |
---|
| 2327 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2328 | END SUBROUTINE diffuco_trans_co2 |
---|
| 2329 | |
---|
| 2330 | |
---|
| 2331 | !! ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 2332 | !! SUBROUTINE : diffuco_comb |
---|
| 2333 | !! |
---|
| 2334 | !>\BRIEF This routine combines the previous partial beta |
---|
| 2335 | !! coefficients and calculates the total alpha and complete beta coefficients. |
---|
| 2336 | !! |
---|
| 2337 | !! DESCRIPTION : Those integrated coefficients are used to calculate (in enerbil.f90) the total evapotranspiration |
---|
| 2338 | !! from the grid-cell. \n |
---|
| 2339 | !! |
---|
| 2340 | !! In the case that air is more humid than surface, dew deposition can occur (negative latent heat flux). |
---|
| 2341 | !! In this instance, for temperature above zero, all of the beta coefficients are set to 0, except for |
---|
| 2342 | !! interception (vbeta2) and bare soil (vbeta4 with zero soil resistance). The amount of water that is |
---|
| 2343 | !! intercepted by leaves is calculated based on the value of LAI of the surface. In the case of freezing |
---|
| 2344 | !! temperatures, water is added to the snow reservoir, and so vbeta4 and vbeta2 are set to 0, and the |
---|
| 2345 | !! total vbeta is set to 1.\n |
---|
| 2346 | !! |
---|
| 2347 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2348 | !! \input{diffucocomb1.tex} |
---|
| 2349 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2350 | !! |
---|
| 2351 | !! The beta and alpha coefficients are initially set to 1. |
---|
| 2352 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2353 | !! \input{diffucocomb2.tex} |
---|
| 2354 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2355 | !! |
---|
| 2356 | !! If snow is lower than the critical value: |
---|
| 2357 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2358 | !! \input{diffucocomb3.tex} |
---|
| 2359 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2360 | !! If in the presence of dew: |
---|
| 2361 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2362 | !! \input{diffucocomb4.tex} |
---|
| 2363 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2364 | !! |
---|
| 2365 | !! Determine where the water goes (soil, vegetation, or snow) |
---|
| 2366 | !! when air moisture exceeds saturation. |
---|
| 2367 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2368 | !! \input{diffucocomb5.tex} |
---|
| 2369 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2370 | !! |
---|
| 2371 | !! If it is not freezing dew is put into the interception reservoir and onto the bare soil. If it is freezing, |
---|
| 2372 | !! water is put into the snow reservoir. |
---|
| 2373 | !! Now modify vbetas where necessary: for soil and snow |
---|
| 2374 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2375 | !! \input{diffucocomb6.tex} |
---|
| 2376 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2377 | !! |
---|
| 2378 | !! and for vegetation |
---|
| 2379 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2380 | !! \input{diffucocomb7.tex} |
---|
| 2381 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2382 | !! |
---|
| 2383 | !! Then compute part of dew that can be intercepted by leafs. |
---|
| 2384 | !! |
---|
| 2385 | !! There will be no transpiration when air moisture is too high, under any circumstance |
---|
| 2386 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2387 | !! \input{diffucocomb8.tex} |
---|
| 2388 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2389 | !! |
---|
| 2390 | !! There will also be no interception loss on bare soil, under any circumstance. |
---|
| 2391 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2392 | !! \input{diffucocomb9.tex} |
---|
| 2393 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2394 | !! |
---|
| 2395 | !! The flowchart details the 'decision tree' which underlies the module. |
---|
| 2396 | !! |
---|
| 2397 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): None |
---|
| 2398 | !! |
---|
| 2399 | !! MAIN OUTPUT VARIABLE(S): vbeta1, vbeta4, humrel, vbeta2, vbeta3, vbeta |
---|
| 2400 | !! |
---|
| 2401 | !! REFERENCE(S) : |
---|
| 2402 | !! - de Noblet-Ducoudré, N, Laval, K & Perrier, A, 1993. SECHIBA, a new set of parameterisations |
---|
| 2403 | !! of the hydrologic exchanges at the land-atmosphere interface within the LMD Atmospheric General |
---|
| 2404 | !! Circulation Model. Journal of Climate, 6, pp.248-273 |
---|
| 2405 | !! - Guimberteau, M, 2010. Modélisation de l'hydrologie continentale et influences de l'irrigation |
---|
| 2406 | !! sur le cycle de l'eau, PhD Thesis, available from: |
---|
| 2407 | !! http://www.sisyphe.upmc.fr/~guimberteau/docs/manuscrit_these.pdf |
---|
| 2408 | !! |
---|
| 2409 | !! FLOWCHART : |
---|
| 2410 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2411 | !! \includegraphics[scale=0.25]{diffuco_comb_flowchart.png} |
---|
| 2412 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2413 | !! \n |
---|
| 2414 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 2415 | |
---|
| 2416 | SUBROUTINE diffuco_comb (kjpindex, humrel, rau, u, v, q_cdrag, pb, qair, temp_sol, temp_air, & |
---|
| 2417 | & snow, veget, lai, tot_bare_soil, vbeta1, vbeta2, vbeta3 , vbeta4, & |
---|
| 2418 | & evap_bare_lim, evap_bare_lim_ns, veget_max, vbeta, qsintmax) |
---|
| 2419 | |
---|
| 2420 | ! Ajout qsintmax dans les arguments de la routine Nathalie / le 13-03-2006 |
---|
| 2421 | |
---|
| 2422 | !! 0. Variable and parameter declaration |
---|
| 2423 | |
---|
| 2424 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
---|
| 2425 | |
---|
| 2426 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjpindex !! Domain size (-) |
---|
| 2427 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: rau !! Air Density (kg m^{-3}) |
---|
| 2428 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: u !! Eastward Lowest level wind speed (m s^{-1}) |
---|
| 2429 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: v !! Nortward Lowest level wind speed (m s^{-1}) |
---|
| 2430 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: q_cdrag !! Surface drag coefficient (-) |
---|
| 2431 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: pb !! Lowest level pressure (hPa) |
---|
| 2432 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: qair !! Lowest level specific air humidity (kg kg^{-1}) |
---|
| 2433 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: temp_sol !! Skin temperature (K) |
---|
| 2434 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: temp_air !! Lower air temperature (K) |
---|
| 2435 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: snow !! Snow mass (kg) |
---|
| 2436 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: veget !! Fraction of vegetation type (fraction) |
---|
| 2437 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: lai !! Leaf area index (m^2 m^{-2}) |
---|
| 2438 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: qsintmax !! Maximum water on vegetation (kg m^{-2}) |
---|
| 2439 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT(in) :: tot_bare_soil!! Total evaporating bare soil fraction |
---|
| 2440 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (in) :: veget_max !! Max. fraction of vegetation type (LAI->infty) |
---|
| 2441 | |
---|
| 2442 | !! 0.2 Output variables |
---|
| 2443 | |
---|
| 2444 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (out) :: vbeta !! Total beta coefficient (-) |
---|
| 2445 | |
---|
| 2446 | !! 0.3 Modified variables |
---|
| 2447 | |
---|
| 2448 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (inout) :: vbeta1 !! Beta for sublimation (-) |
---|
| 2449 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (inout) :: vbeta4 !! Beta for Bare soil evaporation (-) |
---|
| 2450 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (inout) :: humrel !! Soil moisture stress (within range 0 to 1) |
---|
| 2451 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (inout) :: vbeta2 !! Beta for interception loss (-) |
---|
| 2452 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nvm), INTENT (inout) :: vbeta3 !! Beta for Transpiration (-) |
---|
| 2453 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (inout) :: evap_bare_lim !! limiting factor for bare soil evaporation |
---|
| 2454 | !! when the 11-layer hydrology is used (-) |
---|
| 2455 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex,nstm), INTENT (inout):: evap_bare_lim_ns !! limiting factor for bare soil evaporation |
---|
| 2456 | !! when the 11-layer hydrology is used (-) |
---|
| 2457 | !! 0.4 Local variables |
---|
| 2458 | |
---|
| 2459 | INTEGER(i_std) :: ji, jv |
---|
| 2460 | REAL(r_std) :: zevtest, zsoil_moist, zrapp |
---|
| 2461 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: qsatt |
---|
| 2462 | LOGICAL, DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: toveg, tosnow |
---|
| 2463 | REAL(r_std) :: coeff_dew_veg |
---|
| 2464 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: vegtot |
---|
| 2465 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 2466 | |
---|
| 2467 | !! 1 If we are in presence of dew |
---|
| 2468 | |
---|
| 2469 | CALL qsatcalc (kjpindex, temp_sol, pb, qsatt) |
---|
| 2470 | |
---|
| 2471 | |
---|
| 2472 | !! 1.1 Determine where the water goes |
---|
| 2473 | !! Determine where the water goes (soil, vegetation, or snow) |
---|
| 2474 | !! when air moisture exceeds saturation. |
---|
| 2475 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2476 | !! \input{diffucocomb5.tex} |
---|
| 2477 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2478 | toveg(:) = .FALSE. |
---|
| 2479 | tosnow(:) = .FALSE. |
---|
| 2480 | DO ji = 1, kjpindex |
---|
| 2481 | IF ( qsatt(ji) .LT. qair(ji) ) THEN |
---|
| 2482 | IF (temp_air(ji) .GT. tp_00) THEN |
---|
| 2483 | !! If it is not freezing dew is put into the |
---|
| 2484 | !! interception reservoir and onto the bare soil. |
---|
| 2485 | toveg(ji) = .TRUE. |
---|
| 2486 | ELSE |
---|
| 2487 | !! If it is freezing water is put into the |
---|
| 2488 | !! snow reservoir. |
---|
| 2489 | tosnow(ji) = .TRUE. |
---|
| 2490 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2491 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2492 | END DO |
---|
| 2493 | |
---|
| 2494 | !! 1.2 Now modify vbetas where necessary. |
---|
| 2495 | |
---|
| 2496 | !! 1.2.1 Soil and snow |
---|
| 2497 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2498 | !! \input{diffucocomb6.tex} |
---|
| 2499 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2500 | |
---|
| 2501 | ! We need to keep consistency between evap_bare_lim, evap_bare_lim_ns and vbeta4 (thus vevapnu) |
---|
| 2502 | ! or we have a water conservation issue in hydrol_split_soil |
---|
| 2503 | |
---|
| 2504 | DO ji = 1, kjpindex |
---|
| 2505 | |
---|
| 2506 | IF ( toveg(ji) ) THEN |
---|
| 2507 | |
---|
| 2508 | vbeta1(ji) = zero |
---|
| 2509 | vegtot(ji) = SUM(veget_max(ji,:)) |
---|
| 2510 | |
---|
| 2511 | IF ( (tot_bare_soil(ji) .GT. min_sechiba) .AND. (vegtot(ji).GT. min_sechiba) ) THEN |
---|
| 2512 | |
---|
| 2513 | vbeta4(ji) = tot_bare_soil(ji) |
---|
| 2514 | |
---|
| 2515 | ! We now have to redefine evap_bare_lim & evap_bare_lim_ns |
---|
| 2516 | IF (evap_bare_lim(ji) .GT. min_sechiba) THEN |
---|
| 2517 | evap_bare_lim_ns(ji,:) = evap_bare_lim_ns(ji,:) * vbeta4(ji) / evap_bare_lim(ji) |
---|
| 2518 | ELSE ! we must re-invent evap_bare_lim_ns => uniform across soiltiles |
---|
| 2519 | evap_bare_lim_ns(ji,:) = tot_bare_soil(ji)/vegtot(ji) |
---|
| 2520 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2521 | |
---|
| 2522 | evap_bare_lim(ji) = vbeta4(ji) |
---|
| 2523 | ! consistent with evap_bare_lim(ji) = SUM(evap_bare_lim_ns(ji,:)*soiltile(ji,:)*vegtot(ji)) |
---|
| 2524 | ! as SUM(soiltile(ji,:)) = 1 |
---|
| 2525 | |
---|
| 2526 | ELSE |
---|
| 2527 | vbeta4(ji) = zero |
---|
| 2528 | evap_bare_lim_ns(ji,:) = zero |
---|
| 2529 | evap_bare_lim(ji) = zero |
---|
| 2530 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2531 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2532 | |
---|
| 2533 | IF ( tosnow(ji) ) THEN |
---|
| 2534 | vbeta1(ji) = un |
---|
| 2535 | vbeta4(ji) = zero |
---|
| 2536 | evap_bare_lim_ns(ji,:) = zero |
---|
| 2537 | evap_bare_lim(ji) = zero |
---|
| 2538 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2539 | |
---|
| 2540 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2541 | |
---|
| 2542 | !! 1.2.2 Vegetation and interception loss |
---|
| 2543 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2544 | !! \input{diffucocomb7.tex} |
---|
| 2545 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2546 | DO jv = 1, nvm |
---|
| 2547 | |
---|
| 2548 | DO ji = 1, kjpindex |
---|
| 2549 | |
---|
| 2550 | IF ( toveg(ji) ) THEN |
---|
| 2551 | IF (qsintmax(ji,jv) .GT. min_sechiba) THEN |
---|
| 2552 | |
---|
| 2553 | ! Compute part of dew that can be intercepted by leafs. |
---|
| 2554 | IF ( lai(ji,jv) .GT. min_sechiba) THEN |
---|
| 2555 | IF (lai(ji,jv) .GT. 1.5) THEN |
---|
| 2556 | coeff_dew_veg= & |
---|
| 2557 | & dew_veg_poly_coeff(6)*lai(ji,jv)**5 & |
---|
| 2558 | & - dew_veg_poly_coeff(5)*lai(ji,jv)**4 & |
---|
| 2559 | & + dew_veg_poly_coeff(4)*lai(ji,jv)**3 & |
---|
| 2560 | & - dew_veg_poly_coeff(3)*lai(ji,jv)**2 & |
---|
| 2561 | & + dew_veg_poly_coeff(2)*lai(ji,jv) & |
---|
| 2562 | & + dew_veg_poly_coeff(1) |
---|
| 2563 | ELSE |
---|
| 2564 | coeff_dew_veg=un |
---|
| 2565 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2566 | ELSE |
---|
| 2567 | coeff_dew_veg=zero |
---|
| 2568 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2569 | IF (jv .EQ. 1) THEN |
---|
| 2570 | ! This line may not work with CWRR when frac_bare is distributed among three soiltiles |
---|
| 2571 | ! Fortunately, qsintmax(ji,1)=0 (LAI=0 in PFT1) so we never pass here |
---|
| 2572 | vbeta2(ji,jv) = coeff_dew_veg*tot_bare_soil(ji) |
---|
| 2573 | ELSE |
---|
| 2574 | vbeta2(ji,jv) = coeff_dew_veg*veget(ji,jv) |
---|
| 2575 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2576 | ELSE |
---|
| 2577 | vbeta2(ji,jv) = zero ! if qsintmax=0, vbeta2=0 |
---|
| 2578 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2579 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2580 | IF ( tosnow(ji) ) vbeta2(ji,jv) = zero |
---|
| 2581 | |
---|
| 2582 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2583 | |
---|
| 2584 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2585 | |
---|
| 2586 | !! 1.2.3 Vegetation and transpiration |
---|
| 2587 | !! There will be no transpiration when air moisture is too high, under any circumstance |
---|
| 2588 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2589 | !! \input{diffucocomb8.tex} |
---|
| 2590 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2591 | DO jv = 1, nvm |
---|
| 2592 | DO ji = 1, kjpindex |
---|
| 2593 | IF ( qsatt(ji) .LT. qair(ji) ) THEN |
---|
| 2594 | vbeta3(ji,jv) = zero |
---|
| 2595 | humrel(ji,jv) = zero |
---|
| 2596 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2597 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2598 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2599 | |
---|
| 2600 | |
---|
| 2601 | !! 1.2.4 Overrules 1.2.2 |
---|
| 2602 | !! There will also be no interception loss on bare soil, under any circumstance. |
---|
| 2603 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2604 | !! \input{diffucocomb9.tex} |
---|
| 2605 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2606 | DO ji = 1, kjpindex |
---|
| 2607 | IF ( qsatt(ji) .LT. qair(ji) ) THEN |
---|
| 2608 | vbeta2(ji,1) = zero |
---|
| 2609 | ENDIF |
---|
| 2610 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2611 | |
---|
| 2612 | !! 2 Now calculate vbeta in all cases (the equality needs to hold for enerbil to be consistent) |
---|
| 2613 | |
---|
| 2614 | DO ji = 1, kjpindex |
---|
| 2615 | vbeta(ji) = vbeta4(ji) + SUM(vbeta2(ji,:)) + SUM(vbeta3(ji,:)) |
---|
| 2616 | |
---|
| 2617 | IF (vbeta(ji) .LT. min_sechiba) THEN |
---|
| 2618 | vbeta(ji) = zero |
---|
| 2619 | vbeta4(ji) = zero |
---|
| 2620 | vbeta2(ji,:)= zero |
---|
| 2621 | vbeta3(ji,:)= zero |
---|
| 2622 | evap_bare_lim_ns(ji,:) = zero |
---|
| 2623 | evap_bare_lim(ji) = zero |
---|
| 2624 | END IF |
---|
| 2625 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2626 | |
---|
| 2627 | CALL xios_orchidee_send_field("evap_bare_lim",evap_bare_lim) |
---|
| 2628 | CALL xios_orchidee_send_field("evap_bare_lim_ns",evap_bare_lim_ns) |
---|
| 2629 | |
---|
| 2630 | IF (printlev>=3) WRITE (numout,*) ' diffuco_comb done ' |
---|
| 2631 | |
---|
| 2632 | END SUBROUTINE diffuco_comb |
---|
| 2633 | |
---|
| 2634 | |
---|
| 2635 | !! ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 2636 | !! SUBROUTINE : diffuco_raerod |
---|
| 2637 | !! |
---|
| 2638 | !>\BRIEF Computes the aerodynamic resistance, for cases in which the |
---|
| 2639 | !! surface drag coefficient is provided by the coupled atmospheric model LMDZ and when the flag |
---|
| 2640 | !! 'ldq_cdrag_from_gcm' is set to TRUE |
---|
| 2641 | !! |
---|
| 2642 | !! DESCRIPTION : Simply computes the aerodynamic resistance, for cases in which the |
---|
| 2643 | !! surface drag coefficient is provided by the coupled atmospheric model LMDZ. If the surface drag coefficient |
---|
| 2644 | !! is not provided by the LMDZ or signalled by the flag 'ldq_cdrag_from_gcm' set to FALSE, then the subroutine |
---|
| 2645 | !! diffuco_aero is called instead of this one. |
---|
| 2646 | !! |
---|
| 2647 | !! Calculation of the aerodynamic resistance, for diganostic purposes. First calculate wind speed: |
---|
| 2648 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2649 | !! \input{diffucoaerod1.tex} |
---|
| 2650 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2651 | !! |
---|
| 2652 | !! next calculate ::raero |
---|
| 2653 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2654 | !! \input{diffucoaerod2.tex} |
---|
| 2655 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2656 | !! |
---|
| 2657 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): None |
---|
| 2658 | !! |
---|
| 2659 | !! MAIN OUTPUT VARIABLE(S): ::raero |
---|
| 2660 | !! |
---|
| 2661 | !! REFERENCE(S) : |
---|
| 2662 | !! - de Noblet-Ducoudré, N, Laval, K & Perrier, A, 1993. SECHIBA, a new set of parameterisations |
---|
| 2663 | !! of the hydrologic exchanges at the land-atmosphere interface within the LMD Atmospheric General |
---|
| 2664 | !! Circulation Model. Journal of Climate, 6, pp.248-273 |
---|
| 2665 | !! - Guimberteau, M, 2010. Modélisation de l'hydrologie continentale et influence de l'irrigation |
---|
| 2666 | !! sur le cycle de l'eau, PhD Thesis, available from: |
---|
| 2667 | !! http://www.sisyphe.upmc.fr/~guimberteau/docs/manuscrit_these.pdf |
---|
| 2668 | !! |
---|
| 2669 | !! FLOWCHART : None |
---|
| 2670 | !! \n |
---|
| 2671 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 2672 | |
---|
| 2673 | SUBROUTINE diffuco_raerod (kjpindex, u, v, q_cdrag, raero) |
---|
| 2674 | |
---|
| 2675 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
| 2676 | |
---|
| 2677 | !! 0. Variable and parameter declaration |
---|
| 2678 | |
---|
| 2679 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
---|
| 2680 | |
---|
| 2681 | INTEGER(i_std), INTENT(in) :: kjpindex !! Domain size (-) |
---|
| 2682 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: u !! Eastward Lowest level wind velocity (m s^{-1}) |
---|
| 2683 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: v !! Northward Lowest level wind velocity (m s^{-1}) |
---|
| 2684 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (in) :: q_cdrag !! Surface drag coefficient (-) |
---|
| 2685 | |
---|
| 2686 | !! 0.2 Output variables |
---|
| 2687 | |
---|
| 2688 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION (kjpindex), INTENT (out) :: raero !! Aerodynamic resistance (s m^{-1}) |
---|
| 2689 | |
---|
| 2690 | !! 0.3 Modified variables |
---|
| 2691 | |
---|
| 2692 | !! 0.4 Local variables |
---|
| 2693 | |
---|
| 2694 | INTEGER(i_std) :: ji !! (-) |
---|
| 2695 | REAL(r_std) :: speed !! (m s^{-1}) |
---|
| 2696 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
---|
| 2697 | |
---|
| 2698 | !! 1. Simple calculation of the aerodynamic resistance, for diganostic purposes. |
---|
| 2699 | |
---|
| 2700 | DO ji=1,kjpindex |
---|
| 2701 | |
---|
| 2702 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2703 | !! \input{diffucoaerod1.tex} |
---|
| 2704 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2705 | speed = MAX(min_wind, wind(ji)) |
---|
| 2706 | |
---|
| 2707 | !! \latexonly |
---|
| 2708 | !! \input{diffucoaerod2.tex} |
---|
| 2709 | !! \endlatexonly |
---|
| 2710 | raero(ji) = un / (q_cdrag(ji)*speed) |
---|
| 2711 | |
---|
| 2712 | ENDDO |
---|
| 2713 | |
---|
| 2714 | END SUBROUTINE diffuco_raerod |
---|
| 2715 | |
---|
| 2716 | |
---|
| 2717 | FUNCTION Arrhenius (kjpindex,temp,ref_temp,energy_act) RESULT ( val_arrhenius ) |
---|
| 2718 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
---|
| 2719 | |
---|
| 2720 | INTEGER(i_std),INTENT(in) :: kjpindex !! Domain size (-) |
---|
| 2721 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION(kjpindex),INTENT(in) :: temp !! Temperature (K) |
---|
| 2722 | REAL(r_std), INTENT(in) :: ref_temp !! Temperature of reference (K) |
---|
| 2723 | REAL(r_std),INTENT(in) :: energy_act !! Activation Energy (J mol-1) |
---|
| 2724 | |
---|
| 2725 | !! 0.2 Result |
---|
| 2726 | |
---|
| 2727 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: val_arrhenius !! Temperature dependance based on |
---|
| 2728 | !! a Arrhenius function (-) |
---|
| 2729 | |
---|
| 2730 | val_arrhenius(:)=EXP(((temp(:)-ref_temp)*energy_act)/(ref_temp*RR*(temp(:)))) |
---|
| 2731 | END FUNCTION Arrhenius |
---|
| 2732 | |
---|
| 2733 | FUNCTION Arrhenius_modified_1d (kjpindex,temp,ref_temp,energy_act,energy_deact,entropy) RESULT ( val_arrhenius ) |
---|
| 2734 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
---|
| 2735 | |
---|
| 2736 | INTEGER(i_std),INTENT(in) :: kjpindex !! Domain size (-) |
---|
| 2737 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION(kjpindex),INTENT(in) :: temp !! Temperature (K) |
---|
| 2738 | REAL(r_std), INTENT(in) :: ref_temp !! Temperature of reference (K) |
---|
| 2739 | REAL(r_std),INTENT(in) :: energy_act !! Activation Energy (J mol-1) |
---|
| 2740 | REAL(r_std),INTENT(in) :: energy_deact !! Deactivation Energy (J mol-1) |
---|
| 2741 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION(kjpindex),INTENT(in) :: entropy !! Entropy term (J K-1 mol-1) |
---|
| 2742 | |
---|
| 2743 | !! 0.2 Result |
---|
| 2744 | |
---|
| 2745 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: val_arrhenius !! Temperature dependance based on |
---|
| 2746 | !! a Arrhenius function (-) |
---|
| 2747 | |
---|
| 2748 | val_arrhenius(:)=EXP(((temp(:)-ref_temp)*energy_act)/(ref_temp*RR*(temp(:)))) & |
---|
| 2749 | * (1. + EXP( (ref_temp * entropy(:) - energy_deact) / (ref_temp * RR ))) & |
---|
| 2750 | / (1. + EXP( (temp(:) * entropy(:) - energy_deact) / ( RR*temp(:)))) |
---|
| 2751 | |
---|
| 2752 | END FUNCTION Arrhenius_modified_1d |
---|
| 2753 | |
---|
| 2754 | FUNCTION Arrhenius_modified_0d (kjpindex,temp,ref_temp,energy_act,energy_deact,entropy) RESULT ( val_arrhenius ) |
---|
| 2755 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
---|
| 2756 | |
---|
| 2757 | INTEGER(i_std),INTENT(in) :: kjpindex !! Domain size (-) |
---|
| 2758 | REAL(r_std),DIMENSION(kjpindex),INTENT(in) :: temp !! Temperature (K) |
---|
| 2759 | REAL(r_std), INTENT(in) :: ref_temp !! Temperature of reference (K) |
---|
| 2760 | REAL(r_std),INTENT(in) :: energy_act !! Activation Energy (J mol-1) |
---|
| 2761 | REAL(r_std),INTENT(in) :: energy_deact !! Deactivation Energy (J mol-1) |
---|
| 2762 | REAL(r_std),INTENT(in) :: entropy !! Entropy term (J K-1 mol-1) |
---|
| 2763 | |
---|
| 2764 | !! 0.2 Result |
---|
| 2765 | |
---|
| 2766 | REAL(r_std), DIMENSION(kjpindex) :: val_arrhenius !! Temperature dependance based on |
---|
| 2767 | !! a Arrhenius function (-) |
---|
| 2768 | |
---|
| 2769 | val_arrhenius(:)=EXP(((temp(:)-ref_temp)*energy_act)/(ref_temp*RR*(temp(:)))) & |
---|
| 2770 | * (1. + EXP( (ref_temp * entropy - energy_deact) / (ref_temp * RR ))) & |
---|
| 2771 | / (1. + EXP( (temp(:) * entropy - energy_deact) / ( RR*temp(:)))) |
---|
| 2772 | |
---|
| 2773 | END FUNCTION Arrhenius_modified_0d |
---|
| 2774 | |
---|
| 2775 | |
---|
| 2776 | END MODULE diffuco |
---|