| 1 | ! ================================================================================================================================= |
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| 2 | ! MODULE : solar |
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| 3 | ! |
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| 4 | ! CONTACT : orchidee-help _at_ listes.ipsl.fr |
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| 5 | ! |
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| 6 | ! LICENCE : IPSL (2011) |
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| 7 | ! This software is governed by the CeCILL licence see ORCHIDEE/ORCHIDEE_CeCILL.LIC |
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| 8 | ! |
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| 9 | !>\BRIEF This module define solar |
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| 10 | !! |
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| 11 | !!\n DESCRIPTION: |
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| 12 | !! |
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| 13 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): None |
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| 14 | !! |
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| 15 | !! REFERENCE(S) : None |
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| 16 | !! |
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| 17 | !! SVN : |
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| 18 | !! $HeadURL: svn://forge.ipsl.jussieu.fr/orchidee/branches/ORCHIDEE_2_2/ORCHIDEE/src_global/solar.f90 $ |
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| 19 | !! $Date: 2017-10-18 11:15:06 +0200 (Wed, 18 Oct 2017) $ |
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| 20 | !! $Revision: 4693 $ |
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| 21 | !! \n |
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| 22 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 23 | |
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| 24 | MODULE solar |
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| 25 | |
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| 26 | USE defprec |
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| 27 | USE constantes |
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| 28 | USE ioipsl_para |
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| 29 | |
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| 30 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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| 31 | |
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| 32 | |
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| 33 | |
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| 34 | CONTAINS |
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| 35 | |
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| 36 | |
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| 37 | !! ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 38 | !! SUBROUTINE : solarang |
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| 39 | !! |
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| 40 | !>\BRIEF This subroutine computes the solar angle according to the method used by GSWP and developed by J.C. Morill. |
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| 41 | !! |
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| 42 | !! DESCRIPTION : None |
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| 43 | !! |
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| 44 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): None |
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| 45 | !! |
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| 46 | !! MAIN OUTPUT VARIABLE(S): ::csang |
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| 47 | !! |
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| 48 | !! REFERENCE(S) : See for further details : |
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| 49 | !! http://www.atmo.arizona.edu/~morrill/swrad.html |
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| 50 | !! |
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| 51 | !! FLOWCHART : None |
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| 52 | !! \n |
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| 53 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 54 | |
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| 55 | SUBROUTINE solarang (julian, julian0, iim, jjm, lon, lat, csang) |
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| 56 | |
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| 57 | USE calendar |
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| 58 | USE time, ONLY : one_year, calendar_str |
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| 59 | |
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| 60 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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| 61 | |
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| 62 | !! 0. Parameters and variables declaration |
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| 63 | |
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| 64 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
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| 65 | |
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| 66 | INTEGER, INTENT(in) :: iim, jjm !! |
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| 67 | REAL, INTENT(in) :: julian !! |
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| 68 | REAL, INTENT(in) :: julian0 !! |
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| 69 | REAL, DIMENSION(iim,jjm), INTENT(in) :: lon, lat !! |
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| 70 | |
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| 71 | !! 0.2 Output variables |
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| 72 | |
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| 73 | REAL, DIMENSION(iim,jjm), INTENT(out) :: csang !! |
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| 74 | |
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| 75 | !! 0.4 Local variables |
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| 76 | |
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| 77 | REAL :: gamma !! |
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| 78 | REAL :: dec !! |
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| 79 | REAL :: decd !! |
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| 80 | REAL :: et !! |
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| 81 | REAL :: gmt !! |
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| 82 | REAL :: le !! |
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| 83 | REAL :: ls !! |
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| 84 | REAL :: lcorr !! |
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| 85 | REAL :: latime !! |
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| 86 | REAL :: omega !! |
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| 87 | REAL :: omegad !! |
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| 88 | REAL :: llatd, llat !! |
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| 89 | INTEGER :: igmt !! |
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| 90 | INTEGER :: ilon, ilat !! |
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| 91 | INTEGER, SAVE, ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:) :: zone !! |
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| 92 | !$OMP THREADPRIVATE(zone) |
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| 93 | REAL, SAVE, ALLOCATABLE, DIMENSION(:) :: lhour !! |
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| 94 | !$OMP THREADPRIVATE(lhour) |
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| 95 | |
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| 96 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 97 | |
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| 98 | IF (printlev >= 4) WRITE(numout,*) 'Calendar information', julian, julian0 |
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| 99 | !- |
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| 100 | !- 1) Day angle gamma |
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| 101 | !- |
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| 102 | ! gamma = 2.*pi*MOD(julian,one_year)/one_year |
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| 103 | gamma = 2.*pi*(julian-julian0)/one_year |
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| 104 | !- |
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| 105 | !- 2) Solar declination (assumed constant for a 24 hour period) page 7 |
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| 106 | !- in radians |
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| 107 | !- |
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| 108 | IF (printlev >= 4) WRITE(numout,*) 'Solar declination', gamma, one_year |
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| 109 | ! |
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| 110 | dec = ( 0.006918-0.399912*COS(gamma)+0.070257*SIN(gamma) & |
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| 111 | & -0.006758*COS(2*gamma)+0.000907*SIN(2*gamma) & |
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| 112 | & -0.002697*COS(3*gamma)+0.00148*SIN(3*gamma)) |
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| 113 | decd = dec*(180/pi) |
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| 114 | !- |
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| 115 | !- maximum error 0.0006 rad (<3'), leads to error |
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| 116 | !- of less than 1/2 degree in zenith angle |
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| 117 | !- |
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| 118 | IF (printlev >= 4) WRITE(numout,*) 'Equation of time', decd |
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| 119 | !- 3) Equation of time page 11 |
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| 120 | !- |
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| 121 | et = ( 0.000075+0.001868*COS(gamma)-0.032077*SIN(gamma)& |
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| 122 | & -0.014615*COS(2*gamma)-0.04089*SIN(2*gamma))*229.18 |
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| 123 | !- |
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| 124 | !- Get the time zones for the current time |
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| 125 | !- |
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| 126 | gmt = 24.*(julian-INT(julian)) |
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| 127 | IF (.NOT.ALLOCATED(zone)) ALLOCATE(zone(iim)) |
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| 128 | IF (.NOT.ALLOCATED(lhour)) ALLOCATE(lhour(iim)) |
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| 129 | !- |
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| 130 | !igmt = NINT(gmt) |
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| 131 | IF (printlev >= 4) WRITE(numout,*) 'Get time zone', et, gmt |
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| 132 | CALL time_zone(gmt, iim, jjm, lon, zone, lhour) |
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| 133 | !- |
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| 134 | !- Start a loop through the grid |
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| 135 | !- |
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| 136 | IF (printlev >= 4) WRITE(numout,*) 'Start a loop through the grid' |
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| 137 | DO ilon=1,iim |
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| 138 | !--- |
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| 139 | !--- 4) Local apparent time page 13 |
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| 140 | !--- |
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| 141 | !--- ls standard longitude (nearest 15 degree meridian) |
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| 142 | !--- le local longtitude |
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| 143 | !--- lhour local standard time |
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| 144 | !--- latime local apparent time |
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| 145 | !--- lcorr longitudunal correction (minutes) |
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| 146 | !--- |
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| 147 | le = lon(ilon,1) |
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| 148 | ls = ((zone(ilon)-1)*15)-180. |
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| 149 | lcorr = 4.*(ls-le)*(-1) |
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| 150 | latime = lhour(ilon)+lcorr/60.+et/60. |
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| 151 | IF (latime < 0.) latime = latime+24 |
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| 152 | IF (latime > 24.) latime = latime-24 |
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| 153 | !--- |
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| 154 | !--- 5) Hour angle omega page 15 |
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| 155 | !--- |
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| 156 | !--- hour angle is zero at noon, positive in the morning |
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| 157 | !--- It ranges from 180 to -180 |
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| 158 | !--- |
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| 159 | !--- omegad is omega in degrees, omega is in radians |
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| 160 | !--- |
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| 161 | omegad = (latime-12.)*(-15.) |
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| 162 | omega = omegad*pi/180. |
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| 163 | !--- |
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| 164 | DO ilat=1,jjm |
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| 165 | !----- |
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| 166 | !----- 6) Zenith angle page 15 |
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| 167 | !----- |
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| 168 | !----- csang cosine of zenith angle (radians) |
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| 169 | !----- llatd = local latitude in degrees |
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| 170 | !----- llat = local latitude in radians |
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| 171 | !----- |
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| 172 | llatd = lat(1,ilat) |
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| 173 | llat = llatd*pi/180. |
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| 174 | csang(ilon,ilat) = & |
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| 175 | & MAX(zero,SIN(dec)*SIN(llat)+COS(dec)*COS(llat)*COS(omega)) |
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| 176 | ENDDO |
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| 177 | ENDDO |
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| 178 | !---------------------- |
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| 179 | END SUBROUTINE solarang |
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| 180 | |
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| 181 | |
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| 182 | !! ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 183 | !! SUBROUTINE : time_zone |
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| 184 | !! |
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| 185 | !>\BRIEF |
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| 186 | !! |
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| 187 | !! DESCRIPTION : None |
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| 188 | !! |
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| 189 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): None |
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| 190 | !! |
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| 191 | !! MAIN OUTPUT VARIABLE(S): ::zone, ::lhour |
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| 192 | !! |
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| 193 | !! REFERENCE(S) : None |
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| 194 | !! |
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| 195 | !! FLOWCHART : None |
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| 196 | !! \n |
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| 197 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 198 | |
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| 199 | SUBROUTINE time_zone (gmt, iim, jjm, lon, zone, lhour) |
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| 200 | |
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| 201 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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| 202 | |
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| 203 | !! 0. Parameters and variables declaration |
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| 204 | |
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| 205 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
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| 206 | |
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| 207 | INTEGER, INTENT(in) :: iim, jjm !! |
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| 208 | REAL, DIMENSION(iim,jjm), INTENT(in) :: lon !! |
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| 209 | REAL, INTENT(in) :: gmt !! |
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| 210 | |
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| 211 | !! 0.2 Output variables |
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| 212 | |
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| 213 | INTEGER, DIMENSION(iim), INTENT(out) :: zone !! |
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| 214 | REAL, DIMENSION(iim), INTENT(out) :: lhour !! |
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| 215 | |
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| 216 | !! 0.4 Local variables |
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| 217 | |
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| 218 | INTEGER :: deg !! |
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| 219 | !!?? REAL :: deg |
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| 220 | INTEGER :: i, ilon, change !! Indices |
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| 221 | |
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| 222 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 223 | |
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| 224 | DO ilon=1,iim |
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| 225 | !--- |
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| 226 | !--- Convert longitude index to longtitude in degrees |
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| 227 | !--- |
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| 228 | deg = lon(ilon,1) |
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| 229 | !--- |
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| 230 | !--- Determine into which time zone (15 degree interval) the |
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| 231 | !--- longitude falls. |
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| 232 | !--- |
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| 233 | DO i=1,25 |
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| 234 | IF (deg < (-187.5+(15*i))) THEN |
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| 235 | zone(ilon) = i |
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| 236 | IF (zone(ilon) == 25) zone(ilon) = 1 |
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| 237 | EXIT |
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| 238 | ENDIF |
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| 239 | ENDDO |
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| 240 | !--- |
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| 241 | !--- Calculate change (in number of hours) from GMT time to |
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| 242 | !--- local hour. Change will be negative for zones < 13 and |
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| 243 | !--- positive for zones > 13. |
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| 244 | !--- |
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| 245 | !--- There is also a correction for lhour < 0 and lhour > 23 |
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| 246 | !--- to lhour between 0 and 23. |
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| 247 | !--- |
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| 248 | IF (zone(ilon) < 13) THEN |
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| 249 | change = zone(ilon)-13 |
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| 250 | lhour(ilon) = gmt+change |
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| 251 | ENDIF |
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| 252 | !--- |
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| 253 | IF (zone(ilon) == 13) THEN |
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| 254 | lhour(ilon) = gmt |
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| 255 | ENDIF |
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| 256 | !--- |
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| 257 | IF (zone(ilon) > 13) THEN |
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| 258 | change = zone(ilon)-13 |
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| 259 | lhour(ilon) = gmt+change |
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| 260 | ENDIF |
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| 261 | IF (lhour(ilon) < 0) lhour(ilon) = lhour(ilon)+24 |
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| 262 | IF (lhour(ilon) >= 24) lhour(ilon) = lhour(ilon)-24 |
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| 263 | !--- |
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| 264 | ENDDO |
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| 265 | !----------------------- |
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| 266 | END SUBROUTINE time_zone |
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| 267 | |
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| 268 | |
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| 269 | |
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| 270 | !! ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 271 | !! SUBROUTINE : downward_solar_flux |
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| 272 | !! |
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| 273 | !>\BRIEF |
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| 274 | !! |
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| 275 | !! DESCRIPTION : None |
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| 276 | !! |
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| 277 | !! RECENT CHANGE(S): None |
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| 278 | !! |
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| 279 | !! MAIN OUTPUT VARIABLE(S): ::solad, ::solai |
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| 280 | !! |
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| 281 | !! REFERENCE(S) :See for further details : |
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| 282 | !! http://www.atmo.arizona.edu/~morrill/swrad.html |
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| 283 | !! |
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| 284 | !! FLOWCHART : None |
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| 285 | !! \n |
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| 286 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 287 | |
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| 288 | SUBROUTINE downward_solar_flux (npoi,latitude,jday,rtime,cloud,nband,solad,solai) |
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| 289 | |
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| 290 | USE time, ONLY : one_year, calendar_str |
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| 291 | |
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| 292 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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| 293 | |
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| 294 | !! 0. Parameter and variables declaration |
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| 295 | |
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| 296 | !! 0.1 Input variables |
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| 297 | |
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| 298 | INTEGER, INTENT(in) :: npoi !! number of grid points (unitless) |
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| 299 | REAL, DIMENSION(npoi), INTENT(in) :: latitude !! latitude in degrees |
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| 300 | REAL, INTENT(in) :: jday |
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| 301 | REAL,INTENT(in) :: rtime |
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| 302 | REAL, DIMENSION(npoi), INTENT(in) :: cloud !! cloud fraction (0-1, unitless) |
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| 303 | INTEGER,INTENT(in) :: nband !! number of visible bands (unitless) |
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| 304 | |
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| 305 | !! 0.2 Output variables |
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| 306 | |
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| 307 | REAL, DIMENSION(npoi,nband), INTENT(out) :: solad !! direct downward solar flux |
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| 308 | !! @tex $(W.m^{-2})$ @endtex |
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| 309 | REAL, DIMENSION(npoi,nband), INTENT(out) :: solai !! diffuse downward solar flux |
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| 310 | !! @tex $(W.m^{-2})$ @endtex |
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| 311 | |
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| 312 | !! 0.4 Local variables |
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| 313 | |
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| 314 | ! Parametres orbitaux: |
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| 315 | |
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| 316 | REAL, SAVE :: ecc !! Eccentricity |
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| 317 | !$OMP THREADPRIVATE(ecc) |
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| 318 | REAL, SAVE :: perh !! Longitude of perihelie |
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| 319 | !$OMP THREADPRIVATE(perh) |
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| 320 | REAL, SAVE :: xob !! obliquity |
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| 321 | !$OMP THREADPRIVATE(xob) |
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| 322 | REAL, PARAMETER :: pir = pi/180. !! |
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| 323 | REAL, SAVE :: step !! |
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| 324 | !$OMP THREADPRIVATE(step) |
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| 325 | REAL :: xl !! |
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| 326 | REAL :: so !! |
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| 327 | REAL :: xllp !! |
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| 328 | REAL :: xee !! |
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| 329 | REAL :: xse !! |
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| 330 | REAL :: xlam !! |
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| 331 | REAL :: dlamm !! |
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| 332 | REAL :: anm !! |
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| 333 | REAL :: ranm !! |
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| 334 | REAL :: ranv !! |
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| 335 | REAL :: anv !! |
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| 336 | REAL :: tls !! |
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| 337 | REAL :: rlam !! |
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| 338 | REAL :: sd !! |
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| 339 | REAL :: cd !! |
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| 340 | REAL :: deltar !! |
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| 341 | REAL :: delta !! |
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| 342 | REAL :: Dis_ST !! |
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| 343 | REAL :: ddt !! |
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| 344 | REAL :: orbit !! |
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| 345 | REAL :: angle !! |
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| 346 | REAL :: xdecl !! |
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| 347 | REAL :: xlat !! |
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| 348 | REAL, DIMENSION(npoi) :: trans !! |
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| 349 | REAL, DIMENSION(npoi) :: fdiffuse !! |
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| 350 | REAL, DIMENSION(npoi) :: coszen !! cosine of solar zenith angle |
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| 351 | REAL :: sw !! |
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| 352 | REAL :: frac !! |
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| 353 | INTEGER :: i,ib !! |
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| 354 | LOGICAL, SAVE :: lstep_init = .TRUE. !! |
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| 355 | !$OMP THREADPRIVATE(lstep_init) |
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| 356 | |
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| 357 | !_ ================================================================================================================================ |
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| 358 | |
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| 359 | IF (lstep_init) THEN |
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| 360 | IF ( TRIM(calendar_str) .EQ. 'gregorian' ) THEN |
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| 361 | step = 1.0 |
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| 362 | ELSE |
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| 363 | step = one_year/365.2425 |
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| 364 | ENDIF |
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| 365 | !- |
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| 366 | ! Read Orbital Parameters |
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| 367 | !- |
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| 368 | |
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| 369 | !Config Key = ECCENTRICITY |
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| 370 | !Config Desc = Use prescribed values |
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| 371 | !Config If = ALLOW_WEATHERGEN |
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| 372 | !Config Def = 0.016724 |
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| 373 | !Config Help = |
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| 374 | !Config Units = [-] |
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| 375 | ecc = 0.016724 |
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| 376 | CALL getin_p ('ECCENTRICITY',ecc) |
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| 377 | IF (printlev >= 1) WRITE(numout,*) 'ECCENTRICITY: ',ecc |
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| 378 | ! |
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| 379 | !Config Key = PERIHELIE |
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| 380 | !Config Desc = Use prescribed values |
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| 381 | !Config If = ALLOW_WEATHERGEN |
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| 382 | !Config Def = 102.04 |
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| 383 | !Config Help = |
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| 384 | !Config Units = [-] |
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| 385 | perh = 102.04 |
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| 386 | CALL getin_p ('PERIHELIE',perh) |
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| 387 | IF (printlev >= 1) WRITE(numout,*) 'PERIHELIE: ',perh |
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| 388 | ! |
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| 389 | !Config Key = OBLIQUITY |
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| 390 | !Config Desc = Use prescribed values |
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| 391 | !Config If = ALLOW_WEATHERGEN |
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| 392 | !Config Def = 23.446 |
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| 393 | !Config Help = |
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| 394 | !Config Units = [Degrees] |
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| 395 | xob = 23.446 |
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| 396 | CALL getin_p ('OBLIQUITY',xob) |
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| 397 | IF (printlev >= 1) WRITE(numout,*) 'OBLIQUITY: ',xob |
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| 398 | |
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| 399 | lstep_init = .FALSE. |
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| 400 | ENDIF |
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| 401 | |
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| 402 | !- |
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| 403 | ! calendar and orbital calculations |
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| 404 | !- |
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| 405 | |
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| 406 | !- |
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| 407 | ! calculate the earth's orbital angle (around the sun) in radians |
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| 408 | orbit = 2.0*pi*jday/365.2425 |
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| 409 | !- |
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| 410 | ! calculate the solar hour angle in radians |
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| 411 | angle = 2.0*pi*(rtime-12.0)/24.0 |
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| 412 | !- |
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| 413 | ! calculate the current solar declination angle |
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| 414 | ! ref: global physical climatology, hartmann, appendix a |
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| 415 | ! |
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| 416 | ! xdecl = 0.006918 & |
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| 417 | ! -0.399912*cos(orbit) & |
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| 418 | ! +0.070257*sin(orbit) & |
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| 419 | ! -0.006758*cos(2.0*orbit) & |
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| 420 | ! +0.000907*sin(2.0*orbit) & |
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| 421 | ! -0.002697*cos(3.0*orbit) & |
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| 422 | ! +0.001480*sin(3.0*orbit) |
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| 423 | ! |
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| 424 | ! calculate the effective solar constant, |
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| 425 | ! including effects of eccentricity |
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| 426 | ! ref: global physical climatology, hartmann, appendix a |
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| 427 | ! |
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| 428 | ! sw = 1370.*( 1.000110 & |
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| 429 | ! +0.034221*cos(orbit) & |
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| 430 | ! +0.001280*sin(orbit) & |
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| 431 | ! +0.000719*cos(2.0*orbit) & |
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| 432 | ! +0.000077*sin(2.0*orbit)) |
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| 433 | ! |
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| 434 | ! correction Marie-France Loutre |
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| 435 | ! |
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| 436 | ! orbital parameters |
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| 437 | ! |
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| 438 | ! ecc = 0.016724 |
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| 439 | ! perh = 102.04 |
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| 440 | ! xob = 23.446 |
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| 441 | !- |
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| 442 | xl = perh+180.0 |
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| 443 | ! so : sinus of obliquity |
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| 444 | so = sin(xob*pir) |
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| 445 | !- |
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| 446 | xllp = xl*pir |
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| 447 | xee = ecc*ecc |
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| 448 | xse = sqrt(1.0d0-xee) |
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| 449 | ! xlam : true long. sun for mean long. = 0 |
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| 450 | xlam = (ecc/2.0+ecc*xee/8.0d0)*(1.0+xse)*sin(xllp)-xee/4.0 & |
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| 451 | & *(0.5+xse)*sin(2.0*xllp)+ecc*xee/8.0*(1.0/3.0+xse) & |
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| 452 | & *sin(3.0*xllp) |
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| 453 | xlam =2.0d0*xlam/pir |
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| 454 | ! dlamm : mean long. sun for ma-ja |
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| 455 | dlamm =xlam+(INT(jday)-79)*step |
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| 456 | anm = dlamm-xl |
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| 457 | ranm = anm*pir |
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| 458 | xee = xee*ecc |
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| 459 | ! ranv : anomalie vraie (radian) |
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| 460 | ranv = ranm+(2.0*ecc-xee/4.0)*sin(ranm)+5.0/4.0*ecc*ecc & |
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| 461 | & *sin(2.0*ranm)+13.0/12.0*xee*sin(3.0*ranm) |
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| 462 | ! anv : anomalie vraie (degrees) |
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| 463 | anv = ranv/pir |
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| 464 | ! tls : longitude vraie (degrees) |
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| 465 | tls = anv+xl |
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| 466 | ! rlam : longitude vraie (radian) |
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| 467 | rlam = tls*pir |
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| 468 | ! sd and cd: cosinus and sinus of solar declination angle (delta) |
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| 469 | ! sinus delta = sin (obl)*sin(lambda) with lambda = real longitude |
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| 470 | ! (Phd. thesis of Marie-France Loutre, ASTR-UCL, Belgium, 1993) |
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| 471 | sd = so*sin(rlam) |
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| 472 | cd = sqrt(1.0d0-sd*sd) |
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| 473 | ! delta : Solar Declination (degrees, angle sun at equator) |
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| 474 | deltar = atan(sd/cd) |
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| 475 | delta = deltar/pir |
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| 476 | !- |
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| 477 | ! Eccentricity Effect |
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| 478 | !- |
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| 479 | Dis_ST =(1.0-ecc*ecc)/(1.0+ecc*cos(ranv)) |
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| 480 | ! ddt : 1 / normalized earth's sun distance |
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| 481 | ddt = 1.0/Dis_ST |
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| 482 | !- |
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| 483 | ! Insolation normal to the atmosphere (W/m2) |
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| 484 | !- |
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| 485 | sw = ddt *ddt *1370.d0 |
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| 486 | !- |
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| 487 | xdecl = deltar |
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| 488 | !- |
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| 489 | ! solar calculations |
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| 490 | !- |
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| 491 | do i=1,npoi |
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| 492 | !--- |
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| 493 | !-- calculate the latitude in radians |
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| 494 | !--- |
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| 495 | xlat = latitude(i)*pi/180.0 |
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| 496 | !--- |
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| 497 | !-- calculate the cosine of the solar zenith angle |
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| 498 | !--- |
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| 499 | coszen(i) = MAX(0.0, (sin(xlat)*sin(xdecl) & |
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| 500 | & + cos(xlat)*cos(xdecl)*cos(angle))) |
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| 501 | !--- |
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| 502 | !-- calculate the solar transmission through the atmosphere |
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| 503 | !-- using simple linear function of tranmission and cloud cover |
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| 504 | !--- |
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| 505 | !-- note that the 'cloud cover' data is typically obtained from |
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| 506 | !-- sunshine hours -- not direct cloud observations |
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| 507 | !--- |
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| 508 | !-- where, cloud cover = 1 - sunshine fraction |
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| 509 | !--- |
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| 510 | !-- different authors present different values for the slope and |
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| 511 | !-- intercept terms of this equation |
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| 512 | !--- |
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| 513 | !-- Friend, A: Parameterization of a global daily weather generator |
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| 514 | !-- for terrestrial ecosystem and biogeochemical modelling, |
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| 515 | !-- Ecological Modelling |
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| 516 | !--- |
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| 517 | !-- Spitters et al., 1986: Separating the diffuse and direct component |
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| 518 | !-- of global radiation and its implications for modeling canopy |
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| 519 | !-- photosynthesis, Part I: Components of incoming radiation, |
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| 520 | !-- Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 38, 217-229. |
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| 521 | !--- |
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| 522 | !-- A. Friend : trans = 0.251+0.509*(1.0-cloud(i)) |
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| 523 | !-- Spitters et al. : trans = 0.200+0.560*(1.0-cloud(i)) |
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| 524 | !--- |
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| 525 | !-- we are using the values from A. Friend |
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| 526 | !--- |
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| 527 | trans(i) = 0.251+0.509*(1.0-cloud(i)) |
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| 528 | !--- |
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| 529 | !-- calculate the fraction of indirect (diffuse) solar radiation |
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| 530 | !-- based upon the cloud cover |
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| 531 | !--- |
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| 532 | !-- note that these relationships typically are measured for either |
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| 533 | !-- monthly or daily timescales, and may not be exactly appropriate |
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| 534 | !-- for hourly calculations -- however, in ibis, cloud cover is fixed |
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| 535 | !-- through the entire day so it may not make much difference |
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| 536 | !--- |
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| 537 | !-- method i -- |
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| 538 | !--- |
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| 539 | !-- we use a simple empirical relationships |
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| 540 | !-- from Nikolov and Zeller (1992) |
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| 541 | !--- |
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| 542 | !-- Nikolov, N. and K.F. Zeller, 1992: A solar radiation algorithm |
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| 543 | !-- for ecosystem dynamics models, Ecological Modelling, 61, 149-168. |
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| 544 | !--- |
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| 545 | fdiffuse(i) = 1.0045+trans(i)*( 0.0435+trans(i) & |
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| 546 | & *(-3.5227+trans(i)*2.6313)) |
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| 547 | !--- |
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| 548 | IF (trans(i) > 0.75) fdiffuse(i) = 0.166 |
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| 549 | !--- |
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| 550 | !-- method ii -- |
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| 551 | !--- |
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| 552 | !-- another method was suggested by Spitters et al. (1986) based on |
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| 553 | !-- long-term data from the Netherlands |
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| 554 | !-- |
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| 555 | !-- Spitters et al., 1986: Separating the diffuse and direct component |
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| 556 | !-- of global radiation and its implications for modeling canopy |
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| 557 | !-- photosynthesis, Part I: Components of incoming radiation, |
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| 558 | !-- Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 38, 217-229. |
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| 559 | !--- |
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| 560 | !-- if ((trans == 0.00).and.(trans < 0.07)) then |
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| 561 | !-- fdiffuse = 1.0 |
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| 562 | !-- else if ((trans >= 0.07).and.(trans < 0.35)) then |
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| 563 | !-- fdiffuse = 1.0-2.3*(trans-0.07)**2 |
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| 564 | !-- else if ((trans >= 0.35).and.(trans < 0.75)) then |
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| 565 | !-- fdiffuse = 1.33-1.46*trans |
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| 566 | !-- ELSE |
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| 567 | !-- fdiffuse = 0.23 |
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| 568 | !-- endif |
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| 569 | !--- |
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| 570 | ENDDO |
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| 571 | !----------------------- |
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| 572 | !- |
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| 573 | ! do for each waveband |
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| 574 | !- |
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| 575 | DO ib=1,nband |
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| 576 | !--- |
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| 577 | !-- calculate the fraction in each waveband |
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| 578 | !--- |
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| 579 | !-- GK010200 |
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| 580 | IF (nband == 2) then |
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| 581 | frac = 0.46+0.08*REAL(ib-1) |
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| 582 | ELSE |
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| 583 | frac = 1./REAL(nband) |
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| 584 | ENDIF |
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| 585 | !--- |
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| 586 | DO i=1,npoi |
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| 587 | !----- |
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| 588 | !---- calculate the direct and indirect solar radiation |
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| 589 | !----- |
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| 590 | solad(i,ib) = sw*coszen(i)*frac*trans(i)*(1.-fdiffuse(i)) |
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| 591 | solai(i,ib) = sw*coszen(i)*frac*trans(i)*fdiffuse(i) |
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| 592 | ENDDO |
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| 593 | ENDDO |
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| 594 | |
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| 595 | |
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| 596 | END SUBROUTINE downward_solar_flux |
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| 597 | |
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| 598 | |
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| 599 | END MODULE solar |
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