| 1 | !> Module of vernalisation or chilling requirements |
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| 2 | !> - Stics book paragraphe 2.3.4, page 33-36 |
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| 3 | !> |
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| 4 | !! Winter crops and perennial crops in temperate climate zones have vernalisation or chilling requirements. The formalisations classically applied and used |
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| 5 | !! in STICS differ for herbaceous plants (vernalisation) and woody plants (dormancy). For herbaceous plants, the resting state is considered not to be total, |
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| 6 | !! and the "vernalisation" formalisation which applies to herbaceous plants allows a partial accumulation of development units during winter rest. |
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| 7 | !! For woody plants the "dormancy" formalisations are much severe, and development units are only active when all chilling requirements have been met. |
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| 8 | !! Consequently, non-compliance with vernalisation requirements slows (rfvi <1 for herbaceous plants) or stops (rfvi = 0 for ligneous plants) the development of crops. |
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| 9 | !! For woody plants the post-dormancy period is characterized by the phasic course between dormancy break (ifindorm) and budding (ILEV), i.e. stdordebour. |
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| 10 | !> - Vernalisation (achieved by function "Vernalisation" in this module) |
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| 11 | !! Vernalisation requirements are defined by the genotype-dependent number of vernalising days (jvc) and the vernalising value of a given day (jvi) depends on |
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| 12 | !! crop temperature. Vernalising days are counted from germination (IGER) for annual crops because an active metabolism is required to initiate the process, |
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| 13 | !! or from the julvernal day for perennial crops. A minimum number of vernalising days, jvcmini is required. The progress in crop vernalisation, rfvi, |
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| 14 | !! gradually increases until it reaches the value of 1. |
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| 15 | !! tfroid (optimum vernalisation temperature) and ampfroid (thermal semi-amplitude of the vernalising effect) are parameters which provide the range of |
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| 16 | !! vernalising activity of temperatures. ampfroid indicates the sensitivity of the species to vernalisation: if it is low, the range of vernalising temperatures |
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| 17 | !! is narrow and a long period will be necessary to meet the requirements; if it is high, the temperature range is broader and results in more rapid vernalisation. |
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| 18 | !> - Dormancy (achieved by functions "Dormancy_Richardson" and "Dormancy_Bidabe" in this module) |
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| 19 | !! This module deals with the perennial dormancy and not with the dormancy break of annual crop grains such as wheat, barley or pea that can lead to germination |
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| 20 | !! of the grain on the plants before harvest. |
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| 21 | !! The aim is to calculate the day of break of dormancy (IFINDORM), which makes it possible to change the rfvi variable from 0 to 1, bearing in mind that it is |
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| 22 | !! always possible to impose this date and ignore the following dormancy calculations. Two options are available to calculate the break of dormancy, relying on |
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| 23 | !! well known formulae used for fruit trees for both vegetative or reproductive buds, and minimal and maximal values of the air temperature (tmin and tmax). |
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| 24 | !> - The first dormancy calculation included in STICS (see function "Dormancy_Richardson") is the one by Richardson et al. (1974), developed for peach trees. |
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| 25 | !! It is based on accumulated chilling hourly units (cuh) effective to ensure break of dormancy. The relationship between cuh and hourly temperature |
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| 26 | !! is a "stepped" function. |
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| 27 | !! In order to be able to use bibliographic references to chilling requirements, we reconstitute hourly temperatures in accordance with Richardson's proposals |
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| 28 | !! (Richardson et al., 1974): min at 0 hour, tmax at 12 hours and linear interpolation between the two. The active sum of cuh starts in the autumn as soon |
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| 29 | !! as the cuh are positive, defining idebdorm. The instability which may be generated by alternating positive and negative cuh has no effect on the final |
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| 30 | !! result for dormancy break. |
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| 31 | !> - The second dormancy calculation (see function "Dormancy_Bidabe") is derived from the formulation proposed by Bidabe in 1965 to calculate dormancy and |
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| 32 | !! post-dormancy durations for apple trees, based on the Q10 notion which corresponds to exponential type responses to temperature. |
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| 33 | !! In STICS, we just use what concerns the dormancy period, since the post-dormancy period (i.e. from IFINDORM to ILEV) |
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| 34 | !! is accounted for by the positive responses to temperature. The daily responses are accumulated (cu) until the current day (I) from a starting date (idebdorm) |
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| 35 | !! generally taken to be during the autumn or the summer (Garcia de Cortazar, 2006). It has little effect on the calculation. The genetic-dependent parameter |
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| 36 | !! for the amount of chilling requirement is jvc. |
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| 37 | !*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------* c!! |
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| 38 | module Besoins_en_froid |
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| 39 | |
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| 40 | USE Stics |
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| 41 | |
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| 42 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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| 43 | PRIVATE |
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| 44 | PUBLIC Vernalisation |
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| 45 | |
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| 46 | contains |
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| 47 | |
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| 48 | |
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| 49 | !> *************************************************** ! |
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| 50 | !! * Calcul des besoins en froid (sortie de develop) * ! |
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| 51 | !< *************************************************** ! |
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| 52 | |
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| 53 | !> I comment the subroutine broid----xcwu |
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| 54 | |
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| 55 | |
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| 56 | !subroutine bfroid(tdev,P_codebfroid,caljvc,P_jvc,P_jvcmini,rfvi,etatvernal,P_codeperenne,P_culturean,P_codeinitprec,maxwth, & |
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| 57 | !! nbjanrec,nrecbutoir,P_tfroid,P_ampfroid,jjul,P_codedormance,thor,cu_min,cu_veille,cu,ndebdorm,n,P_q10,tmin,tmax) |
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| 58 | !! DR 20/07/2012 on a plus besoin de jjul |
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| 59 | ! nbjanrec,nrecbutoir,P_tfroid,P_ampfroid,P_codedormance, & |
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| 60 | ! ! thor,cu_min,cu_veille,cu,ndebdorm,n,P_q10,tmin,tmax) |
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| 61 | ! !-- apparemment, en trop, inutile ,numcult) |
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| 62 | ! |
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| 63 | !implicit none |
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| 64 | ! |
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| 65 | !!: les ARGUMENTS |
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| 66 | ! real, intent(IN) :: tdev |
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| 67 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: P_codebfroid !> // PARAMETER // option of calculation of chilling requirements // code 1/2 // PARPLT // 0 |
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| 68 | ! real, intent(INOUT) :: caljvc |
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| 69 | ! real, intent(IN) :: P_jvc !> // PARAMETER // Number of vernalizing days // day // PARPLT // 1 |
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| 70 | ! real, intent(IN) :: P_jvcmini !> // PARAMETER // Minimum number of vernalising days // day // PARPLT // 1 |
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| 71 | ! real, intent(OUT) :: rfvi !> // OUTPUT // Slowing effect of the vernalization on plant development // 0-1 |
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| 72 | ! logical, intent(INOUT) :: etatvernal |
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| 73 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: P_codeperenne !> // PARAMETER // option defining the annual (1) or perenial (2) character of the plant // code 1/2 // PARPLT // 0 |
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| 74 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: P_culturean !> // PARAMETER // crop status 1 = over 1 calendar year ,other than 1 = on two calendar years (winter crop in northern hemisphere) // code 0/1 // P_USM/USMXML // 0 |
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| 75 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: P_codeinitprec !> // PARAMETER // reinitializing initial status in case of chaining simulations : yes (1), no (2) // code 1/2 // PARAM // 0 |
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| 76 | ! integer, intent(INOUT) :: maxwth |
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| 77 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: nbjanrec |
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| 78 | ! integer, intent(OUT) :: nrecbutoir |
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| 79 | ! real, intent(IN) :: P_tfroid !> // PARAMETER // optimal temperature for vernalisation // degree C // PARPLT // 1 |
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| 80 | ! real, intent(IN) :: P_ampfroid !> // PARAMETER // semi thermal amplitude thermique for vernalising effect // degree C // PARPLT // 1 |
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| 81 | !! DR 20/07/2012 on a plus besoin de jjul |
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| 82 | !! integer, intent(IN) :: jjul |
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| 83 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: P_codedormance !> // PARAMETER // option of calculation of dormancy and chilling requirement // code 1/2 // PARPLT // 0 |
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| 84 | ! real, intent(IN) :: thor(24) |
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| 85 | ! real, intent(IN) :: cu_min |
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| 86 | ! real, intent(IN) :: cu_veille |
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| 87 | ! real, intent(INOUT) :: cu |
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| 88 | ! integer, intent(INOUT) :: ndebdorm |
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| 89 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: n |
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| 90 | ! real, intent(IN) :: P_q10 !> // PARAMETER // P_Q10 used for the dormancy break calculation // SD // PARPLT // 1 |
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| 91 | ! real, intent(IN) :: tmin !> // OUTPUT // Minimum active temperature of air // degree C |
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| 92 | ! real, intent(IN) :: tmax !> // OUTPUT // Maximum active temperature of air // degree C |
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| 93 | ! !--integer, intent(IN) :: numcult |
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| 94 | ! |
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| 95 | ! |
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| 96 | ! !: Cas des cultures vernalisantes NB le 13/3 |
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| 97 | ! if (P_codebfroid == 2) then |
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| 98 | ! call Vernalisation(tdev,P_jvc,P_jvcmini,P_codeperenne,P_culturean, & ! IN |
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| 99 | ! P_codeinitprec,nbjanrec,P_tfroid,P_ampfroid,n, & ! IN !!DR 20/07/2012 pas besoin de jjul |
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| 100 | ! rfvi,nrecbutoir,maxwth,caljvc,etatvernal) ! OUT & INOUT |
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| 101 | ! endif |
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| 102 | ! |
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| 103 | ! !: Cas des cultures dormantes NB le 13/3 |
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| 104 | ! !- calcul des Chill Units (Richardson, 1974) |
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| 105 | ! ! dr et igc 28/08/2012 test s'applique seulement à Richardson |
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| 106 | ! !if (P_codebfroid == 3 .and. P_codedormance <= 2) then |
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| 107 | ! if (P_codebfroid == 3 .and. P_codedormance == 2) then |
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| 108 | ! call Dormancy_Richardson(thor,n,cu_min,cu_veille,ndebdorm,cu) |
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| 109 | ! endif |
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| 110 | ! |
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| 111 | ! !: calcul des besoins en froid selon Bidabe |
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| 112 | ! if (P_codebfroid == 3 .and. P_codedormance == 3) then |
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| 113 | ! call Dormancy_Bidabe(n,ndebdorm,P_q10,tmin,tmax,cu_veille,cu) |
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| 114 | ! endif |
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| 115 | ! |
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| 116 | !return |
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| 117 | !end subroutine bfroid |
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| 118 | |
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| 119 | |
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| 120 | |
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| 121 | |
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| 122 | |
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| 123 | !DR et IGC 28/08/2012 on a renommé Stics_Bfroid2 Vernalisation |
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| 124 | !DR 20/07/2012 pas besoin de jjul |
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| 125 | !subroutine Vernalisation(tdev,P_jvc,P_jvcmini,P_codeperenne,P_culturean,P_codeinitprec,nbjanrec,P_tfroid,P_ampfroid,jjul,n, & !IN |
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| 126 | |
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| 127 | subroutine Vernalisation(tdev, & ! IN |
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| 128 | !P_jvc, |
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| 129 | !P_jvcmini, |
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| 130 | !P_codeperenne, |
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| 131 | !P_culturean, |
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| 132 | !P_codeinitprec, |
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| 133 | !nbjanrec, |
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| 134 | !P_tfroid, |
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| 135 | !P_ampfroid, |
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| 136 | !n, & !IN |
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| 137 | rfvi, & ! OUT |
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| 138 | !nrecbutoir, |
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| 139 | !maxwth, |
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| 140 | caljvc, & ! INOUT |
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| 141 | etatvernal) ! OUT |
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| 142 | |
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| 143 | !USE Messages |
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| 144 | |
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| 145 | !: ARGUMENTS |
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| 146 | ! 0.1 INPUT |
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| 147 | real, intent(IN) :: tdev |
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| 148 | ! real, intent(IN) :: P_jvc !> // PARAMETER // Number of vernalizing days // day // PARPLT // 1 |
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| 149 | ! real, intent(IN) :: P_jvcmini !> // PARAMETER // Minimum number of vernalising days // day // PARPLT // 1 |
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| 150 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: P_codeperenne !> // PARAMETER // option defining the annual (1) or perenial (2) character of the plant // code 1/2 // PARPLT // 0 |
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| 151 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: P_culturean !> // PARAMETER // crop status 1 = over 1 calendar year ,other than 1 = on two calendar years (winter crop in northern hemisphere) // code 0/1 // |
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| 152 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: P_codeinitprec !> // PARAMETER // reinitializing initial status in case of chaining simulations : yes (1), no (2) // code 1/2 // PARAM // 0 |
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| 153 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: nbjanrec |
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| 154 | ! real, intent(IN) :: P_tfroid !> // PARAMETER // optimal temperature for vernalisation // degree C // PARPLT // 1 |
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| 155 | ! real, intent(IN) :: P_ampfroid !> // PARAMETER // semi thermal amplitude thermique for vernalising effect // degree C // PARPLT // 1 |
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| 156 | !! integer, intent(IN) :: jjul |
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| 157 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: n |
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| 158 | |
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| 159 | |
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| 160 | ! 0.2 INOUT |
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| 161 | ! integer, intent(INOUT) :: maxwth |
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| 162 | real, intent(INOUT) :: caljvc |
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| 163 | logical, intent(INOUT) :: etatvernal |
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| 164 | |
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| 165 | ! 0.3 OUTPUT |
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| 166 | ! integer, intent(OUT) :: nrecbutoir |
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| 167 | real, intent(OUT) :: rfvi !> // OUTPUT // Slowing effect of the vernalization on plant development // 0-1 |
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| 168 | |
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| 169 | |
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| 170 | ! 0.4 VARIABLES LOCALES |
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| 171 | real :: jvi |
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| 172 | |
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| 173 | |
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| 174 | if (caljvc >= P_jvc) then |
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| 175 | rfvi = 1.0 |
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| 176 | etatvernal = .TRUE. |
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| 177 | caljvc = 0.0 |
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| 178 | !if (P_codeperenne == 2 .and. P_culturean /= 1 .and. P_codeinitprec == 2) then |
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| 179 | ! DR! !!!!! 19/02/08 on fait un test pour la prairie ca merde!!!!!!! |
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| 180 | ! maxwth = n |
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| 181 | ! dr! 19/02/08 test |
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| 182 | ! if (nbjanrec == 366)then |
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| 183 | ! maxwth = 366 |
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| 184 | ! else |
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| 185 | ! maxwth = 365 |
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| 186 | ! endif |
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| 187 | ! nrecbutoir = maxwth |
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| 188 | !endif |
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| 189 | else |
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| 190 | jvi = 1 - ((P_tfroid - tdev) / P_ampfroid)**2 |
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| 191 | jvi = amax1(jvi,0.) |
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| 192 | caljvc = caljvc + jvi |
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| 193 | if (caljvc >= P_jvc) then |
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| 194 | rfvi = 1 |
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| 195 | else |
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| 196 | rfvi = (caljvc - P_jvcmini) / (P_jvc - P_jvcmini) |
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| 197 | rfvi = amax1(rfvi,0.0) |
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| 198 | endif |
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| 199 | !: PB - 27/12/2004 |
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| 200 | !- si l'on est pendant la vernalisation et que l'on enchaine les années, |
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| 201 | !- alors on repousse la date d'enchainement jusqu'à la fin de la vernalisation. |
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| 202 | !if (n == maxwth) then |
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| 203 | ! if (P_codeperenne == 2 .and. P_codeinitprec == 2) then |
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| 204 | ! maxwth = maxwth + 1 |
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| 205 | ! nrecbutoir = maxwth |
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| 206 | ! call EnvoyerMsgHistorique(431) |
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| 207 | ! endif |
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| 208 | !endif |
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| 209 | endif |
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| 210 | |
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| 211 | |
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| 212 | return |
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| 213 | end subroutine Vernalisation |
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| 214 | |
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| 215 | |
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| 216 | |
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| 217 | !======================================================================================! |
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| 218 | !======================================================================================! |
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| 219 | !======================================================================================! |
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| 220 | |
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| 221 | |
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| 222 | !!DR et IGC 28/08/2012 on a renommé Stics_Bfroid3_Dorm12 Dormancy_Richardson |
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| 223 | !subroutine Dormancy_Richardson(thor,n,cu_min,cu_veille,ndebdorm,cu) |
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| 224 | ! |
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| 225 | !!: ARGUMENTS |
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| 226 | !! IN |
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| 227 | ! real, intent(IN) :: thor(24) |
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| 228 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: n |
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| 229 | ! real, intent(IN) :: cu_min |
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| 230 | ! real, intent(IN) :: cu_veille |
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| 231 | !! INOUT |
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| 232 | ! integer, intent(INOUT) :: ndebdorm |
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| 233 | ! real, intent(INOUT) :: cu |
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| 234 | ! |
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| 235 | !!: VARIABLES LOCALES |
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| 236 | ! real :: cuj !> |
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| 237 | ! real :: cuh |
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| 238 | ! integer :: ih |
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| 239 | ! |
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| 240 | !!: thor en argument |
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| 241 | !!-- ** 1/ reconstitution des températures horaires |
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| 242 | !!-- do ih = 1,12 |
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| 243 | !!-- thor(ih) = tmin(n)+ih*(tmax(n)-tmin(n))/12.0 |
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| 244 | !!-- end do |
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| 245 | !!-- do ih = 13,24 |
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| 246 | !!-- thor(ih) = tmax(n)-(ih-12)*(tmax(n)-tmin(n+1))/12.0 |
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| 247 | !!-- end do |
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| 248 | ! |
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| 249 | ! !: Calcul des C(hill) U(nits) |
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| 250 | ! cuj = 0.0 |
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| 251 | ! cuh = 0.0 |
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| 252 | ! do ih = 1,24 |
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| 253 | ! if (thor(ih) <= 1.4) cuh = 0.0 |
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| 254 | ! if (thor(ih) > 1.4 .and. thor(ih) <= 2.4) cuh = 0.5 |
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| 255 | ! if (thor(ih) > 2.4 .and. thor(ih) <= 9.1) cuh = 1.0 |
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| 256 | ! if (thor(ih) > 9.1 .and. thor(ih) <= 12.4) cuh = 0.5 |
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| 257 | ! if (thor(ih) > 12.4 .and. thor(ih) <= 15.9) cuh = 0.0 |
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| 258 | ! if (thor(ih) > 15.9 .and. thor(ih) <= 17.5) cuh = -0.5 |
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| 259 | ! if (thor(ih) > 17.5) cuh = -1 |
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| 260 | ! ! Cumul horaire |
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| 261 | ! cuj = cuj+cuh |
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| 262 | ! end do |
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| 263 | ! |
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| 264 | ! ! Cumul journalier |
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| 265 | ! cu = cu_veille + cuj |
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| 266 | ! |
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| 267 | ! !: Rectification erreur dans l'entrée en dormance |
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| 268 | ! !- si températures faibles occasionnelles |
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| 269 | ! if (cu < 0) ndebdorm = 0 |
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| 270 | ! |
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| 271 | ! !: Détermination de l'entrée en dormance |
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| 272 | ! if (cu > cu_min .and. ndebdorm == 0) then |
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| 273 | ! ndebdorm = n |
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| 274 | ! cu = 0. |
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| 275 | ! endif |
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| 276 | ! |
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| 277 | !return |
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| 278 | !end subroutine Dormancy_Richardson |
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| 279 | ! |
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| 280 | ! |
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| 281 | !!======================================================================================! |
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| 282 | !!======================================================================================! |
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| 283 | !!======================================================================================! |
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| 284 | ! |
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| 285 | !!DR et IGC 28/08/2012 on a renommé Stics_Bfroid3_Dorm3 Dormancy_Bidabe |
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| 286 | !subroutine Dormancy_Bidabe(n,ndebdorm,P_q10,tmin,tmax,cu_veille,cu) |
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| 287 | ! |
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| 288 | !!: ARGUMENTS |
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| 289 | !! IN |
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| 290 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: n |
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| 291 | ! integer, intent(IN) :: ndebdorm |
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| 292 | ! real, intent(IN) :: P_q10 !> // PARAMETER // P_Q10 used for the dormancy break calculation // SD // PARPLT // 1 |
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| 293 | ! real, intent(IN) :: tmin !> // OUTPUT // Minimum active temperature of air // degree C |
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| 294 | ! real, intent(IN) :: tmax !> // OUTPUT // Maximum active temperature of air // degree C |
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| 295 | ! real, intent(IN) :: cu_veille |
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| 296 | ! |
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| 297 | !! INOUT |
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| 298 | ! real, intent(INOUT) :: cu |
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| 299 | ! |
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| 300 | ! |
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| 301 | !! ** début du cumul imposé à ndebdorm (cd initial) |
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| 302 | ! if (n < ndebdorm) then |
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| 303 | ! cu = 0. |
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| 304 | ! else |
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| 305 | ! cu = cu_veille + P_q10**(-tmin/10.) + P_q10**(-tmax/10.) |
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| 306 | ! endif |
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| 307 | ! |
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| 308 | !return |
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| 309 | !end subroutine Dormancy_Bidabe |
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| 310 | ! |
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| 311 | |
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| 312 | |
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| 313 | end module Besoins_en_froid |
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