source: XIOS/dev/dev_ym/XIOS_COUPLING/src/node/field.cpp @ 2130

#include "field.hpp"

#include "attribute_template.hpp"
#include "object_template.hpp"
#include "group_template.hpp"

#include "node_type.hpp"
#include "calendar_util.hpp"
#include "message.hpp"
#include "xios_spl.hpp"
#include "type.hpp"
#include "timer.hpp"
#include "context_client.hpp"
#include "context_server.hpp"
#include <set>
#include "garbage_collector.hpp"
#include "pass_through_filter.hpp"
#include "filter_expr_node.hpp"
#include "lex_parser.hpp"
#include "temporal_filter.hpp"
#include "server_from_client_source_filter.hpp"
#include "file_reader_source_filter.hpp"
#include "tracer.hpp"

namespace xios
{

  /// ////////////////////// Définitions ////////////////////// ///

  CField::CField(void)
    : CObjectTemplate<CField>(), CFieldAttributes()
    , written(false)
    , hasOutputFile(false)
    , domAxisScalarIds_(vector<StdString>(3,""))
    , areAllReferenceSolved(false), isReferenceSolved(false), isReferenceSolvedAndTransformed(false)
    , isGridChecked(false)
    , useCompressedOutput(false)
    , hasTimeInstant(false)
    , hasTimeCentered(false)
    , mustAutoTrigger(false)
  { setVirtualVariableGroup(CVariableGroup::create(getId() + "_virtual_variable_group")); }

  CField::CField(const StdString& id)
    : CObjectTemplate<CField>(id), CFieldAttributes()
    , written(false)
    , hasOutputFile(false)
    , domAxisScalarIds_(vector<StdString>(3,""))
    , areAllReferenceSolved(false), isReferenceSolved(false), isReferenceSolvedAndTransformed(false)
    , isGridChecked(false)
    , useCompressedOutput(false)
    , hasTimeInstant(false)
    , hasTimeCentered(false)
    , mustAutoTrigger(false)
    { setVirtualVariableGroup(CVariableGroup::create(getId() + "_virtual_variable_group")); }

  CField::~CField(void)
  {}

  //----------------------------------------------------------------

  void CField::setVirtualVariableGroup(CVariableGroup* newVVariableGroup)
  TRY
  {
    this->vVariableGroup = newVVariableGroup;
  }
  CATCH

  CVariableGroup* CField::getVirtualVariableGroup(void) const
  TRY
  {
     return this->vVariableGroup;
  }
  CATCH

  std::vector<CVariable*> CField::getAllVariables(void) const
  TRY
  {
    return this->vVariableGroup->getAllChildren();
  }
  CATCH

  void CField::solveDescInheritance(bool apply, const CAttributeMap* const parent)
  TRY
  {
    SuperClassAttribute::setAttributes(parent, apply);
    this->getVirtualVariableGroup()->solveDescInheritance(apply, NULL);
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  //----------------------------------------------------------------

  bool CField::dispatchEvent(CEventServer& event)
  TRY
  {
    if (SuperClass::dispatchEvent(event)) return true;
    else
    {
      switch(event.type)
      {
        case EVENT_ID_UPDATE_DATA :
          recvUpdateData(event);
          return true;
          break;

        case EVENT_ID_READ_DATA :
          recvReadDataRequest(event);
          return true;
          break;

        case EVENT_ID_READ_DATA_READY :
          recvReadDataReady(event);
          return true;
          break;

        case EVENT_ID_ADD_VARIABLE :
          recvAddVariable(event);
          return true;
          break;

        case EVENT_ID_ADD_VARIABLE_GROUP :
          recvAddVariableGroup(event);
          return true;
          break;
     
        case EVENT_ID_GRID_COMPLETED :
          recvGridCompleted(event);
          return true;
          break;
        default :
          ERROR("bool CField::dispatchEvent(CEventServer& event)", << "Unknown Event");
          return false;
      }
    }
  }
  CATCH


  void CField::recvUpdateData(CEventServer& event)
  TRY
  {
    string fieldId;
    for (auto& subEvent : event.subEvents) (*subEvent.buffer) >> fieldId  ;
    get(fieldId)->receiveUpdateData(event);
  }
  CATCH

  void  CField::receiveUpdateData(CEventServer& event)
  TRY
  {
    if (hasCouplerIn()) clientFromClientSourceFilter_->streamData(event) ;
    else serverFromClientSourceFilter_->streamData(event) ;
  }
  CATCH

  /*
    Send a request for reading data.
    Client sends a request to server for demanding server to read data and send back to it.
    For now, this function is called only by client
    In the future, it can be called by level-1 servers
    \param [in] tsDataRequested timestamp when the call is made
  */
  bool CField::sendReadDataRequest(const CDate& tsDataRequested)
  TRY
  {
    return clientFromServerSourceFilter_->sendReadDataRequest(tsDataRequested) ;
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR
 
  
  /*!
  Send request new data read from file if need be, that is the current data is out-of-date.
  \return true if and only if some data was requested
  */
  bool CField::sendReadDataRequestIfNeeded(void)
  TRY
  {
    return clientFromServerSourceFilter_->sendReadDataRequestIfNeeded() ;
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR


  void CField::recvReadDataRequest(CEventServer& event)
  TRY
  {
    CBufferIn* buffer = event.subEvents.begin()->buffer;
    StdString fieldId;
    *buffer >> fieldId;
    get(fieldId)->recvReadDataRequest();
  }
  CATCH
  
  /*!
    Receive data request sent from client and process it
    Every time server receives this request, it will try to read data and sent read data back to client
    At the moment, this function is called by server level 1
    In the future, this should (only) be done by the last level servers.
  */
  void CField::recvReadDataRequest(void)
  TRY
  {
    fileReaderSourceFilter_->streamData() ;
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR  

  
  /*
    Receive read data from server.
    At the moment, this function is called in the client side.
    In the future, this function can be called hiearachically (server n-1, server n -2, ..., client)
    \param event event containing read data
  */
  void CField::recvReadDataReady(CEventServer& event)
  TRY
  {
    string fieldId;
    for (auto& subEvent : event.subEvents) (*subEvent.buffer) >> fieldId  ;
    get(fieldId)->receiveReadDataReady(event);
  }
  CATCH

  void CField::receiveReadDataReady(CEventServer& event)
  TRY
  {
    clientFromServerSourceFilter_->streamData(event) ;    
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR


  void CField::checkForLateDataFromCoupler(void)
  TRY
  {
    CContext* context = CContext::getCurrent();
    const CDate& currentDate = context->getCalendar()->getCurrentDate();

    CTimer timer("CField::checkForLateDataFromCoupler");
    timer.resume();
    traceOff() ;
    timer.suspend();
    
    bool isDataLate;  
    do
    {
      isDataLate=clientFromClientSourceFilter_->isDataLate() ;
      if (isDataLate)
      {
        timer.resume();
        context->globalEventLoop();
        timer.suspend();
      }
    } while (isDataLate && timer.getCumulatedTime() < CXios::recvFieldTimeout);
    
    timer.resume();
    traceOn() ;
    timer.suspend() ;

    if (isDataLate) ERROR("void CField::checkForLateDataFromCoupler(void)",
                            << "Late data at timestep = " << currentDate);
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  void CField::checkForLateDataFromServer(void)
  TRY
  {
    clientFromServerSourceFilter_->checkForLateData() ;
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR 
  
  
  void CField::triggerLateField(void)
  TRY
  {
    if (hasFileIn()) 
    {
      checkForLateDataFromServer() ;
      clientFromServerSourceFilter_->trigger(CContext::getCurrent()->getCalendar()->getCurrentDate()) ;
    } 
    else if (hasCouplerIn())
    {
      checkForLateDataFromCoupler() ;
      clientFromClientSourceFilter_->trigger(CContext::getCurrent()->getCalendar()->getCurrentDate()) ;
    }
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR


  void CField::checkIfMustAutoTrigger(void)
  TRY
  {
    mustAutoTrigger = clientFromServerSourceFilter_ ? clientFromServerSourceFilter_->mustAutoTrigger() : false;
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  void CField::autoTriggerIfNeeded(void)
  TRY
  {
    if (mustAutoTrigger)
      clientFromServerSourceFilter_->trigger(CContext::getCurrent()->getCalendar()->getCurrentDate());
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR


  //----------------------------------------------------------------

  StdString CField::GetName(void)    { return StdString("field"); }
  StdString CField::GetDefName(void) { return CField::GetName(); }
  ENodeType CField::GetType(void)    { return eField; }

  //----------------------------------------------------------------

  CGrid* CField::getRelGrid(void) const
  TRY
  {
    return this->grid_;
  }
  CATCH

  //----------------------------------------------------------------

  CFile* CField::getRelFile(void) const
  TRY
  {
    if (hasFileIn()) return this->fileIn_;
    else if (hasFileOut()) return this->fileOut_ ;
    else return nullptr ;
  }
  CATCH

  func::CFunctor::ETimeType CField::getOperationTimeType() const
  TRY
  {
    return operationTimeType;
  }
  CATCH


  //----------------------------------------------------------------

  bool CField::isActive(bool atCurrentTimestep /*= false*/) const
  TRY
  {
    if (modelToClientSourceFilter_) 
      return atCurrentTimestep ? modelToClientSourceFilter_->isDataExpected(CContext::getCurrent()->getCalendar()->getCurrentDate()) : true;
    else if (clientToModelStoreFilter_)  return true;
    else if (instantDataFilter)
      ERROR("bool CField::isActive(bool atCurrentTimestep)",
            << "Impossible to check if field [ id = " << getId() << " ] is active as it cannot be used to receive nor send data.");

    return false;
  }
  CATCH

  //----------------------------------------------------------------

  bool CField::wasWritten() const
  TRY
  {
    return written;
  }
  CATCH

  void CField::setWritten()
  TRY
  {
    written = true;
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  //----------------------------------------------------------------

  bool CField::getUseCompressedOutput() const
  TRY
  {
    return useCompressedOutput;
  }
  CATCH

  void CField::setUseCompressedOutput()
  TRY
  {
    useCompressedOutput = true;
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------

  void CField::updateRef(CGrid* grid)
  TRY
  {
    if (!grid_ref.isEmpty()) grid_ref.setValue(grid->getId());
    else
    {
      std::vector<CAxis*> axisTmp = grid->getAxis();
      std::vector<CDomain*> domainTmp = grid->getDomains();
      if ((1<axisTmp.size()) || (1<domainTmp.size()))
        ERROR("void CField::updateRef(CGrid* grid)",
          << "More than one domain or axis is available for domain_ref/axis_ref of field " << this->getId());

      if ((!domain_ref.isEmpty()) && (domainTmp.empty()))
        ERROR("void CField::updateRef(CGrid* grid)",
          << "Incoherent between available domain and domain_ref of field " << this->getId());
      if ((!axis_ref.isEmpty()) && (axisTmp.empty()))
        ERROR("void CField::updateRef(CGrid* grid)",
          << "Incoherent between available axis and axis_ref of field " << this->getId());

      if (!domain_ref.isEmpty()) domain_ref.setValue(domainTmp[0]->getId());
      if (!axis_ref.isEmpty()) axis_ref.setValue(axisTmp[0]->getId());
    }
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR
   

  void CField::checkGridOfEnabledFields()
  TRY
  {
    if (!isGridChecked)
    {
      isGridChecked = true;
      solveCheckMaskIndex(false);
    }
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  void CField::sendGridComponentOfEnabledFields()
  TRY
  {
    solveGridDomainAxisRef(true);
    // solveCheckMaskIndex(true);
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  void CField::sendGridOfEnabledFields()
  TRY
  {
    // solveGridDomainAxisRef(true);
    solveCheckMaskIndex(true);
  }   
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  /*!
   * Compute the required buffer size to send the fields data.
   * \param [in/out] bufferSize Modifying the bufferSize for the client context
   * \param [in/out] maxEventSize Modifying the maximum event size for the client context 
   * \param [in] bufferForWriting True if buffers are used for sending data for writing
   */  
  void CField::setContextClientDataBufferSize(map<CContextClient*,map<int,size_t>>& bufferSize, 
                                              map<CContextClient*,map<int,size_t>>& maxEventSize, 
                                              bool bufferForWriting)
  {
    auto& contextBufferSize = bufferSize[client] ;
    auto& contextMaxEventSize = maxEventSize[client] ;
    const std::map<int, size_t> mapSize = grid_->getDataBufferSize(client, getId(), bufferForWriting);
    for(auto& it : mapSize )
    {
      // If contextBufferSize[it.first] does not exist, it will be zero-initialized
      // so we can use it safely without checking for its existance
      if (CXios::isOptPerformance) contextBufferSize[it.first] += it.second;
      else if (contextBufferSize[it.first] < it.second) contextBufferSize[it.first] = it.second;

      if (contextMaxEventSize[it.first] < it.second) contextMaxEventSize[it.first] = it.second;
    }

  }

  void CField::setContextClientAttributesBufferSize(map<CContextClient*,map<int,size_t>>& bufferSize, 
                                                   map<CContextClient*,map<int,size_t>>& maxEventSize, 
                                                   bool bufferForWriting)
  {
    auto& contextBufferSize = bufferSize[client] ;
    auto& contextMaxEventSize = maxEventSize[client] ;
    const std::map<int, size_t> mapSize = grid_->getAttributesBufferSize(client, bufferForWriting);
    for(auto& it : mapSize )
    {
      // If contextBufferSize[it.first] does not exist, it will be zero-initialized
      // so we can use it safely without checking for its existance
      if (contextBufferSize[it.first] < it.second) contextBufferSize[it.first] = it.second;
      if (contextMaxEventSize[it.first] < it.second) contextMaxEventSize[it.first] = it.second;
    }

  }


// ym obsolete to be removed 
  std::map<int, StdSize> CField::getGridAttributesBufferSize(CContextClient* client, bool bufferForWriting /*= "false"*/)
  TRY
  {
    return grid_->getAttributesBufferSize(client, bufferForWriting);
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

// ym obsolete to be removed 
  std::map<int, StdSize> CField::getGridDataBufferSize(CContextClient* client, bool bufferForWriting /*= "false"*/)
  TRY
  {
    return grid_->getDataBufferSize(client, getId(), bufferForWriting);
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  bool CField::evaluateBufferSize(map<CContextClient*,map<int,size_t>>& evaluateBuffer, bool isOptPerformance)
  {
    CContextClient* client=nullptr ;

    for(int i=0;i<2;i++)
    {
      map<int,int> dataSize ;
      if (i==0  && clientToServerStoreFilter_) client = clientToServerStoreFilter_-> getTransferedDataSize(dataSize) ;
      if (i==1  && serverToClientStoreFilter_) client = serverToClientStoreFilter_-> getTransferedDataSize(dataSize) ;

      if (client!=nullptr)
      {
        map<int,size_t> bufferSize ;
   
        if (evaluateBuffer.count(client)!=0) bufferSize = evaluateBuffer[client] ;
        if (isOptPerformance)
        {
          for(auto& it : dataSize) 
          {
            if (bufferSize.count(it.first)==0) bufferSize[it.first]=it.second ;
            else bufferSize[it.first]+=it.second ;
          }
        }
        else
        {
          for(auto& it : dataSize) 
          {
            if (bufferSize.count(it.first)==0) bufferSize[it.first]=it.second ;
            else bufferSize[it.first]=std::max(bufferSize[it.first],(size_t)it.second) ;
          }
        }
        evaluateBuffer[client] = bufferSize ;
        client=nullptr ;
      }
    }
    if (client==nullptr) return false ;
    else return true;
  }  


  size_t CField::getGlobalWrittenSize()
  TRY
  {
    return grid_->getGlobalWrittenSize();
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  //----------------------------------------------------------------

  void CField::solveServerOperation(void)
  TRY
  {
    CContext* context = CContext::getCurrent();

    if (freq_op.isEmpty()) freq_op.setValue(TimeStep);

    if (freq_offset.isEmpty()) freq_offset.setValue(NoneDu);

    if (operation.isEmpty())
      ERROR("void CField::solveServerOperation(void)",
            << "An operation must be defined for field \"" << getId() << "\".");

    std::shared_ptr<func::CFunctor> functor;
    CArray<double, 1> dummyData;

#define DECLARE_FUNCTOR(MType, mtype) \
    if (operation.getValue().compare(#mtype) == 0) \
    { \
      functor.reset(new func::C##MType(dummyData)); \
    }

#include "functor_type.conf"

    if (!functor)
      ERROR("void CField::solveServerOperation(void)",
            << "\"" << operation << "\" is not a valid operation.");

    operationTimeType = functor->timeType();
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

 //----------------------------------------------------------------

  bool CField::buildWorkflowGraph(CGarbageCollector& gc)
  {
    if (buildWorkflowGraphDone_) return true ;
    
    const bool detectMissingValues = (!detect_missing_value.isEmpty() && !default_value.isEmpty() && detect_missing_value == true);
    const double defaultValue  = detectMissingValues ? default_value : (!default_value.isEmpty() ? default_value : 0.0);

    if (!inputFilter) inputFilter = std::shared_ptr<CPassThroughFilter>(new CPassThroughFilter(gc)); 
     
    if (hasDirectFieldReference())
    {
      CField* fieldRef = getDirectFieldReference();
      bool ret=fieldRef->buildWorkflowGraph(gc); 
      if (!ret) return false ; // workflow graph cannot be built at this stage
    }

    // now construct grid and check if element are enabled
    solveGridReference() ; // grid_ is now defined
    if (!isGridCompleted()) return false;

    // Check if we have an expression to parse
    std::shared_ptr<COutputPin> filterExpr ;
    if (hasExpression())
    {
      boost::scoped_ptr<IFilterExprNode> expr(parseExpr(getExpression() + '\0'));
      filterExpr = expr->reduce(gc, *this);
      if (!filterExpr) return false ; // workflow graph cannot be built at this stage
    }
    
    // prepare transformation. Need to know before if workflow of auxillary field can be built
    if (hasDirectFieldReference())
    {
      auto gridPath=getGridPath() ;
      gridPath.push_back(grid_) ;

      CGrid* gridSrc=getDirectFieldReference()->getGrid() ;
      std::shared_ptr<COutputPin> lastFilter ;
      if (filterExpr) lastFilter=filterExpr ;
      else lastFilter = inputFilter ;
      CGrid* newGrid ;    
      
      for(auto grid : gridPath)
      {
        grid->solveElementsRefInheritance() ;
        std::pair<std::shared_ptr<CFilter>, std::shared_ptr<CFilter> > filters = grid->buildTransformationGraph(gc, false,  gridSrc, detectMissingValues, defaultValue, newGrid) ;
        lastFilter->connectOutput(filters.first, 0);
        lastFilter = filters.second;
        gridSrc = newGrid ;
      }

      grid_=newGrid ;
      grid_ref=grid_->getId() ; // for server 
      instantDataFilter = lastFilter ;
      
      // connect the input Filter to the reference
      getDirectFieldReference()->getInstantDataFilter()->connectOutput(inputFilter,0);
    }
    else 
    {
      if (hasFileIn()) // input file, attemp to read the grid from file
      {
         // must be checked
         fileIn_->initRead() ;
         fileIn_->checkReadFile();
         grid_->solveElementsRefInheritance() ;
         if (fileIn_->isClientSide()) fileIn_->readFieldAttributesMetaData(this);
         CGrid* newGrid ;
         std::pair<std::shared_ptr<CFilter>, std::shared_ptr<CFilter> > filters = grid_->buildTransformationGraph(gc, true, nullptr, detectMissingValues, defaultValue, newGrid) ;
         grid_ = newGrid ;
         grid_ref=grid_->getId() ; // for server 
         //grid_->completeGrid(); // grid generation, to be checked
         if (fileIn_->isClientSide()) fileIn_->readFieldAttributesValues(this);
         grid_->checkElementsAttributes() ;
//         grid_->solveDomainAxisBaseRef();
         // probably in future tag grid incomplete if coming from a reading
         instantDataFilter=inputFilter ;
      }  
      else if (hasCouplerIn())
      {
        grid_->checkElementsAttributes() ;
        instantDataFilter=inputFilter ;
      }
      else
      {
        setModelIn() ; // no reference, the field is potentially a source field from model

        grid_->solveElementsRefInheritance() ;
        CGrid* newGrid ;
        std::pair<std::shared_ptr<CFilter>, std::shared_ptr<CFilter> > filters = grid_->buildTransformationGraph(gc, true, nullptr, detectMissingValues, defaultValue, newGrid) ;
        newGrid->duplicateAttributes(grid_) ; // for grid attributes (mask)
        grid_ = newGrid ;
        grid_ref=grid_->getId() ; // for server 
        grid_->checkElementsAttributes() ;
        instantDataFilter=inputFilter ;
      }
    }
    
    if (hasFileOut())
    {
      if (fileOut_->isServerSide())
      {
        this->solveServerOperation() ;
      }
    }

    buildWorkflowGraphDone_ = true ;
    workflowEnabled_ = true ;
    return true ;
  }
   
  /*!
   * Connect field to filter to send data to server. A temporal filter is inserted before accordingly to the 
   * output frequency of the file
   * \param gc the garbage collector to use when building the filter graph
   */
  void CField::connectToFileServer(CGarbageCollector& gc)
  {
    // insert temporal filter before sending to files
    clientToServerStoreFilter_ = std::shared_ptr<CClientToServerStoreFilter>(new CClientToServerStoreFilter(gc, this, client));
    // insert temporal filter before sending to files
    getTemporalDataFilter(gc, fileOut_->output_freq)->connectOutput(clientToServerStoreFilter_, 0);
  } 

  void CField::connectToCouplerOut(CGarbageCollector& gc)
  {
    // insert temporal filter before sending to files
    clientToServerStoreFilter_ = std::shared_ptr<CClientToServerStoreFilter>(new CClientToServerStoreFilter(gc, this, client));
    instantDataFilter->connectOutput(clientToServerStoreFilter_, 0);
  } 

 
  /*!
   * Connect field to a source filter to receive data from model.
   */
  void CField::connectToModelInput(CGarbageCollector& gc)
  {
    const bool detectMissingValues = (!detect_missing_value.isEmpty() && !default_value.isEmpty() && detect_missing_value == true);
    const double defaultValue  = detectMissingValues ? default_value : (!default_value.isEmpty() ? default_value : 0.0);

    if (check_if_active.isEmpty()) check_if_active = false; 
    modelToClientSourceFilter_ = std::shared_ptr<CModelToClientSourceFilter>(new CModelToClientSourceFilter(gc, grid_, detectMissingValues, defaultValue));
    modelToClientSourceFilter_ -> connectOutput(inputFilter,0) ;
  } 
 
  /*!
   * Connect field to a source filter to receive data from a client (on server side).
   */
  void CField::connectToClientInput(CGarbageCollector& gc)
  {
    serverFromClientSourceFilter_ = std::shared_ptr<CServerFromClientSourceFilter>(new CServerFromClientSourceFilter(gc,  grid_));
    serverFromClientSourceFilter_ -> connectOutput(inputFilter,0) ;
  } 


  /*!
   * Connect field to a source filter to receive data from a server (on client side).
   */
  void CField::connectToServerInput(CGarbageCollector& gc)
  {
    checkTimeAttributes();
    clientFromServerSourceFilter_ = std::shared_ptr<CClientFromServerSourceFilter>(new CClientFromServerSourceFilter(gc,this)) ;
    clientFromServerSourceFilter_ -> connectOutput(inputFilter,0) ;
  } 

  /*!
   * Connect field to a source filter to receive data from coupler (on client side).
   */
   void CField::connectToCouplerIn(CGarbageCollector& gc)
  {
    CContext* context = CContext::getCurrent();

    if (freq_op.isEmpty()) freq_op.setValue(TimeStep);
    if (freq_offset.isEmpty()) freq_offset.setValue(freq_op.getValue() - TimeStep);
    clientFromClientSourceFilter_ = std::shared_ptr<CClientFromClientSourceFilter>(new CClientFromClientSourceFilter(gc, this)) ;
    clientFromClientSourceFilter_ -> connectOutput(inputFilter,0) ;
   
  } 

  /*!
   * Connect field to a file writer filter to write data in file (on server side).
   */
  void CField::connectToFileWriter(CGarbageCollector& gc)
  {
    fileWriterStoreFilter_ = std::shared_ptr<CFileWriterStoreFilter>(new CFileWriterStoreFilter(gc, this));
    instantDataFilter->connectOutput(fileWriterStoreFilter_, 0);
  } 

  /*!
   * Connect field to a file reader filter to read data from file (on server side).
   */
  void CField::connectToFileReader(CGarbageCollector& gc)
  {
    fileReaderSourceFilter_ = std::shared_ptr<CFileReaderSourceFilter>(new CFileReaderSourceFilter(gc, this));
    fileReaderSourceFilter_->connectOutput(inputFilter, 0);
  }


  /*!
   * Connect field to a store filter to output data to model on client Side
   */
  void CField::connectToModelOutput(CGarbageCollector& gc)
  {
    clientToModelStoreFilter_ = std::shared_ptr<CClientToModelStoreFilter>(new CClientToModelStoreFilter(gc, this));
    instantDataFilter->connectOutput(clientToModelStoreFilter_, 0);
  }


 
  void CField::connectToServerToClient(CGarbageCollector& gc)
  {
    serverToClientStoreFilter_ = std::shared_ptr<CServerToClientStoreFilter>(new CServerToClientStoreFilter(gc, this, client));
    instantDataFilter->connectOutput(serverToClientStoreFilter_, 0);
  }

  /*!
   * Transform the grid_path attribut into vector of grid.
   * \return the vector CGrid* containing the list of grid path for tranformation
   */ 
  vector<CGrid*> CField::getGridPath(void)
  {
    std::vector<CGrid*> gridPath;

    if (hasDirectFieldReference() && grid_ != getDirectFieldReference()->grid_)
    {
      if (!grid_path.isEmpty())
      {
        std::string gridId;
        size_t start = 0, end;

        do
        {
          end = grid_path.getValue().find(',', start);
          if (end != std::string::npos)
          {
            gridId = grid_path.getValue().substr(start, end - start);
            start = end + 1;
          }
          else gridId = grid_path.getValue().substr(start);

          if (!CGrid::has(gridId))
            ERROR("void CField::solveTransformedGrid()",
               << "Invalid grid_path, the grid '" << gridId << "' does not exist.");

          gridPath.push_back(CGrid::get(gridId));
        }
        while (end != std::string::npos);
      }
    }
    return gridPath ;
  }

  
  
  /*!
   * Returns the filter needed to handle a self reference in the field's expression.
   * If the needed filter does not exist, it is created, otherwise it is reused.
   * This method should only be called when building the filter graph corresponding
   * to the field's expression.
   *
   * \param gc the garbage collector to use
   * \return the output pin corresponding to a self reference
   */

/* old version
  std::shared_ptr<COutputPin> CField::getSelfReference(CGarbageCollector& gc)
  TRY
  {
    if (instantDataFilter || !hasExpression())
      ERROR("COutputPin* CField::getSelfReference(CGarbageCollector& gc)",
            "Impossible to add a self reference to a field which has already been parsed or which does not have an expression.");

    if (!selfReferenceFilter)
    {
      const bool detectMissingValues = (!detect_missing_value.isEmpty() && !default_value.isEmpty() && detect_missing_value == true);
      const double defaultValue  = detectMissingValues ? default_value : (!default_value.isEmpty() ? default_value : 0.0);

      if (file && !file->mode.isEmpty() && file->mode == CFile::mode_attr::read)
      {
        if (!serverSourceFilter)
        {
          checkTimeAttributes();
          serverSourceFilter = std::shared_ptr<CSourceFilter>(new CSourceFilter(gc, grid_, true, false, freq_offset, true,
                                                              detectMissingValues, defaultValue));
         }

        selfReferenceFilter = serverSourceFilter;
      }
      else if (!field_ref.isEmpty())
      {
        CField* fieldRef = CField::get(field_ref);
        fieldRef->buildFilterGraph(gc, false);
        selfReferenceFilter = fieldRef->getInstantDataFilter();
      }
      else
      {
        if (!clientSourceFilter)
        {
          if (check_if_active.isEmpty()) check_if_active = false;
          clientSourceFilter = std::shared_ptr<CSourceFilter>(new CSourceFilter(gc, grid_, true, true, NoneDu, false,
                                                                                detectMissingValues, defaultValue));
        }

        selfReferenceFilter = clientSourceFilter;
      }
    }

    return selfReferenceFilter;
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR
*/
  std::shared_ptr<COutputPin> CField::getSelfReference(CGarbageCollector& gc)
  TRY
  {
    return inputFilter ;
  } 
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  /*!
   * Returns the temporal filter corresponding to the field's temporal operation
   * for the specified operation frequency. The filter is created if it does not
   * exist, otherwise it is reused.
   *
   * \param gc the garbage collector to use
   * \param outFreq the operation frequency, i.e. the frequency at which the output data will be computed
   * \return the output pin corresponding to the requested temporal filter
   */
  std::shared_ptr<COutputPin> CField::getTemporalDataFilter(CGarbageCollector& gc, CDuration outFreq)
  TRY
  {
    std::map<CDuration, std::shared_ptr<COutputPin> >::iterator it = temporalDataFilters.find(outFreq);

    if (it == temporalDataFilters.end())
    {
      if (operation.isEmpty())
        ERROR("void CField::getTemporalDataFilter(CGarbageCollector& gc, CDuration outFreq)",
              << "An operation must be defined for field \"" << getId() << "\".");

      checkTimeAttributes(&outFreq);

      const bool detectMissingValues = (!detect_missing_value.isEmpty()  && detect_missing_value == true);
      std::shared_ptr<CTemporalFilter> temporalFilter(new CTemporalFilter(gc, operation,
                                                                             CContext::getCurrent()->getCalendar()->getInitDate(),
                                                                             freq_op, freq_offset, outFreq, detectMissingValues));

      instantDataFilter->connectOutput(temporalFilter, 0);

      it = temporalDataFilters.insert(std::make_pair(outFreq, temporalFilter)).first;
    }

    return it->second;
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  /*!
    * Returns the temporal filter corresponding to the field's temporal operation
    * for the specified operation frequency.
    *
    * \param gc the garbage collector to use
    * \param outFreq the operation frequency, i.e. the frequency at which the output data will be computed
    * \return the output pin corresponding to the requested temporal filter
    */

  std::shared_ptr<COutputPin> CField::getSelfTemporalDataFilter(CGarbageCollector& gc, CDuration outFreq)
  TRY
  {
    if (instantDataFilter || !hasExpression())
      ERROR("COutputPin* CField::getSelfTemporalDataFilter(CGarbageCollector& gc)",
            "Impossible to add a self reference to a field which has already been parsed or which does not have an expression.");
    
    if (selfTemporalDataFilter) return selfTemporalDataFilter;

    if (hasDirectFieldReference())
    {
      CField* fieldRef=getDirectFieldReference();
      return fieldRef->getTemporalDataFilter(gc, outFreq) ;
    }
    else
    {
      if (selfTemporalDataFilter) return selfTemporalDataFilter ;

      if (operation.isEmpty())
        ERROR("void CField::getSelfTemporalDataFilter(CGarbageCollector& gc, CDuration outFreq)",
              << "An operation must be defined for field \"" << getId() << "\".");

      checkTimeAttributes(&outFreq); //bof

      const bool detectMissingValues = (!detect_missing_value.isEmpty() && detect_missing_value == true);
      selfTemporalDataFilter = std::shared_ptr<CTemporalFilter>(new CTemporalFilter(gc, operation,
                                                                CContext::getCurrent()->getCalendar()->getInitDate(),
                                                                freq_op, freq_offset, outFreq, detectMissingValues));

      inputFilter->connectOutput(selfTemporalDataFilter, 0);
      return selfTemporalDataFilter ;
    }
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

/* old version   
  std::shared_ptr<COutputPin> CField::getSelfTemporalDataFilter(CGarbageCollector& gc, CDuration outFreq)
  TRY
  {
    if (instantDataFilter || !hasExpression())
      ERROR("COutputPin* CField::getSelfTemporalDataFilter(CGarbageCollector& gc)",
            "Impossible to add a self reference to a field which has already been parsed or which does not have an expression.");

    if (!selfReferenceFilter) getSelfReference(gc) ;

    if (serverSourceFilter || clientSourceFilter)
    {
      if (operation.isEmpty())
        ERROR("void CField::getSelfTemporalDataFilter(CGarbageCollector& gc, CDuration outFreq)",
              << "An operation must be defined for field \"" << getId() << "\".");

      checkTimeAttributes(&outFreq);

      const bool detectMissingValues = (!detect_missing_value.isEmpty() && detect_missing_value == true);
      std::shared_ptr<CTemporalFilter> temporalFilter(new CTemporalFilter(gc, operation,
                                                                          CContext::getCurrent()->getCalendar()->getInitDate(),
                                                                          freq_op, freq_offset, outFreq, detectMissingValues));

      selfReferenceFilter->connectOutput(temporalFilter, 0);
      return temporalFilter ;
    }
    else if (!field_ref.isEmpty())
    {
      CField* fieldRef = CField::get(field_ref);
      fieldRef->buildFilterGraph(gc, false); 
      return fieldRef->getTemporalDataFilter(gc, outFreq) ;
    }
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR
*/

  //----------------------------------------------------------------
/*
   void CField::fromBinary(StdIStream& is)
   {
      SuperClass::fromBinary(is);
#define CLEAR_ATT(name_)\
      SuperClassAttribute::operator[](#name_)->reset()

         CLEAR_ATT(domain_ref);
         CLEAR_ATT(axis_ref);
#undef CLEAR_ATT

   }
*/
   //----------------------------------------------------------------

  void CField::solveGridReference(void)
  TRY
  {
    if (grid_!=nullptr) return ; // already done

    if (grid_ref.isEmpty() && domain_ref.isEmpty() && axis_ref.isEmpty() && scalar_ref.isEmpty())
    {
      ERROR("CField::solveGridReference(void)",
            << "A grid must be defined for field '" << getFieldOutputName() << "' .");
    }
    else if (!grid_ref.isEmpty() && (!domain_ref.isEmpty() || !axis_ref.isEmpty() || !scalar_ref.isEmpty()))
    {
      ERROR("CField::solveGridReference(void)",
            << "Field '" << getFieldOutputName() << "' has both a grid and a domain/axis/scalar." << std::endl
            << "Please define either 'grid_ref' or 'domain_ref'/'axis_ref'/'scalar_ref'.");
    }

    if (grid_ref.isEmpty())
    {
      std::vector<CDomain*> vecDom;
      std::vector<CAxis*> vecAxis;
      std::vector<CScalar*> vecScalar;
      std::vector<int> axisDomainOrderTmp;

      std::vector<CDomain*> vecDomRef;
      std::vector<CAxis*> vecAxisRef;
      std::vector<CScalar*> vecScalarRef;
        
      if (!domain_ref.isEmpty())
      {
        StdString tmp = domain_ref.getValue();
        if (CDomain::has(domain_ref))
        {
          vecDom.push_back(CDomain::get(domain_ref));
          vecDomRef.push_back(CDomain::createDomain());
          vecDomRef.back()->domain_ref=domain_ref;
          axisDomainOrderTmp.push_back(2);
        }
        else  ERROR("CField::solveGridReference(void)",
                    << "Invalid reference to domain '" << domain_ref.getValue() << "'.");
      }

      if (!axis_ref.isEmpty())
      {
        if (CAxis::has(axis_ref))
        {
          vecAxis.push_back(CAxis::get(axis_ref));
          vecAxisRef.push_back(CAxis::createAxis());
          vecAxisRef.back()->axis_ref=axis_ref;
          axisDomainOrderTmp.push_back(1);
        }
        else  ERROR("CField::solveGridReference(void)",
                    << "Invalid reference to axis '" << axis_ref.getValue() << "'.");
      }

      if (!scalar_ref.isEmpty())
      {
        if (CScalar::has(scalar_ref))
        {
          vecScalar.push_back(CScalar::get(scalar_ref));
          vecScalarRef.push_back(CScalar::createScalar());
          vecScalarRef.back()->scalar_ref=scalar_ref;
          axisDomainOrderTmp.push_back(0);
        }
        else ERROR("CField::solveGridReference(void)",
                   << "Invalid reference to scalar '" << scalar_ref.getValue() << "'.");
      }
        
      CArray<int,1> axisDomainOrder(axisDomainOrderTmp.size());
      for (int idx = 0; idx < axisDomainOrderTmp.size(); ++idx)
      {
        axisDomainOrder(idx) = axisDomainOrderTmp[idx];
      }

      // Warning: the gridId shouldn't be set as the grid_ref since it could be inherited
      StdString gridId = CGrid::generateId(vecDom, vecAxis, vecScalar,axisDomainOrder);
      if (CGrid::has(gridId)) this->grid_ = CGrid::get(gridId);
      else  this->grid_ = CGrid::createGrid(gridId, vecDomRef, vecAxisRef, vecScalarRef,axisDomainOrder);
    }
    else
    {
      if (CGrid::has(grid_ref)) this->grid_ = CGrid::get(grid_ref);
      else  ERROR("CField::solveGridReference(void)",
                   << "Invalid reference to grid '" << grid_ref.getValue() << "'.");
    }
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  void CField::solveGridDomainAxisRef(bool checkAtt)
  TRY
  {
    grid_->solveDomainAxisRef(checkAtt);
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  void CField::solveCheckMaskIndex(bool doSendingIndex)
  TRY
  {
    grid_->checkMaskIndex(doSendingIndex);
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  
  void CField::solveGridDomainAxisBaseRef()
  TRY
  {
    grid_->solveDomainAxisRef(false);
    grid_->solveDomainAxisBaseRef();
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  ///-------------------------------------------------------------------

  template <>
  void CGroupTemplate<CField, CFieldGroup, CFieldAttributes>::solveRefInheritance(void)
  TRY
  {
    if (this->group_ref.isEmpty()) return;
    StdString gref = this->group_ref.getValue();

    if (!CFieldGroup::has(gref))
      ERROR("CGroupTemplate<CField, CFieldGroup, CFieldAttributes>::solveRefInheritance(void)",
         << "[ gref = " << gref << "]"
         << " invalid group name !");

    CFieldGroup* group = CFieldGroup::get(gref);
    CFieldGroup* owner = CFieldGroup::get(boost::polymorphic_downcast<CFieldGroup*>(this));
    owner->setAttributes(group); // inherite of attributes of group reference
      
    std::vector<CField*> allChildren  = group->getAllChildren();
    std::vector<CField*>::iterator it = allChildren.begin(), end = allChildren.end();

    for (; it != end; it++)
    {
      CField* child = *it;
     if (child->hasId()) owner->createChild()->field_ref.setValue(child->getId());
    }
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  ///-------------------------------------------------------------------

  void CField::parse(xml::CXMLNode& node)
  TRY
  {
    string newContent ;
    SuperClass::parse(node);
    if (node.goToChildElement())
    {
      do
      {
        if (node.getElementName() == "variable" || node.getElementName() == "variable_group") this->getVirtualVariableGroup()->parseChild(node);
        else if (node.getElementName() == "expr") if (node.getContent(newContent)) content+=newContent ;
      } while (node.goToNextElement());
      node.goToParentElement();
    }
    if (node.getContent(newContent)) content=newContent ;
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

 /*!
   This function retrieves Id of corresponding domain_ref and axis_ref (if any)
   of a field. In some cases, only domain exists but axis doesn't
   \return pair of Domain and Axis id
  */
  const std::vector<StdString>& CField::getRefDomainAxisIds()
  TRY
  {
    CGrid* cgPtr = getRelGrid();
    if (NULL != cgPtr)
    {
      std::vector<StdString>::iterator it;
      if (!domain_ref.isEmpty())
      {
        std::vector<StdString> domainList = cgPtr->getDomainList();
        it = std::find(domainList.begin(), domainList.end(), domain_ref.getValue());
        if (domainList.end() != it) domAxisScalarIds_[0] = *it;
      }

      if (!axis_ref.isEmpty())
      {
        std::vector<StdString> axisList = cgPtr->getAxisList();
        it = std::find(axisList.begin(), axisList.end(), axis_ref.getValue());
        if (axisList.end() != it) domAxisScalarIds_[1] = *it;
      }

      if (!scalar_ref.isEmpty())
      {
        std::vector<StdString> scalarList = cgPtr->getScalarList();
        it = std::find(scalarList.begin(), scalarList.end(), scalar_ref.getValue());
        if (scalarList.end() != it) domAxisScalarIds_[2] = *it;
      }
    }
    return (domAxisScalarIds_);
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  CVariable* CField::addVariable(const string& id)
  TRY
  {
    return vVariableGroup->createChild(id);
  }
  CATCH

  CVariableGroup* CField::addVariableGroup(const string& id)
  TRY
  {
    return vVariableGroup->createChildGroup(id);
  }
  CATCH

  void CField::setContextClient(CContextClient* contextClient)
  TRY
  {
    CContext* context = CContext::getCurrent();
    client = contextClient;
  
    // A grid is sent by a client (both for read or write) or by primary server (write only)
    if (context->getServiceType()==CServicesManager::GATHERER)
    {
      if (getRelFile()->mode.isEmpty() || (!getRelFile()->mode.isEmpty() && getRelFile()->mode == CFile::mode_attr::write))
        grid_->setContextClient(contextClient);
    }
    else if (context->getServiceType()==CServicesManager::CLIENT)
      grid_->setContextClient(contextClient);
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  void CField::sendCloseDefinition(void)
  {
    CContext::getCurrent()->sendCloseDefinition(client) ;
  }

  void CField::sendFieldToFileServer(void)
  {
    CContext::getCurrent()->sendContextToFileServer(client);
    getRelFile()->sendFileToFileServer(client);
    sentGrid_ = grid_-> duplicateSentGrid() ;
    sentGrid_->sendGridToFileServer(client);
    name = getFieldOutputName() ;
    this->sendAllAttributesToServer(client);
    this->sendAddAllVariables(client);
  }

  void CField::sendFieldToInputFileServer(void)
  {
    CContext::getCurrent()->sendContextToFileServer(client);
    getRelFile()->sendFileToFileServer(client);
    sentGrid_ = grid_-> duplicateSentGrid() ;
    sentGrid_->sendGridToFileServer(client);
    read_access=true ; // not the best solution, but on server side, the field must be a starting point of the workflow
                       // must be replace by a better solution when implementing filters for reading and send to client
                       // on server side
    this->sendAllAttributesToServer(client);
    this->sendAddAllVariables(client);
  }

  void CField::sendFieldToCouplerOut(void)
  {
    if (sendFieldToCouplerOut_done_) return ;
    else sendFieldToCouplerOut_done_=true ;
    sentGrid_ = grid_-> duplicateSentGrid() ;
    sentGrid_->sendGridToCouplerOut(client, this->getId());
    this->sendGridCompleted();

  }
  
  void CField::makeGridAliasForCoupling(void) 
  { 
    grid_->makeAliasForCoupling(this->getId()); 
  }

 //! Client side: Send a message  announcing that the grid definition has been received from a coupling context
   void CField::sendGridCompleted(void)
   TRY
   {
      CEventClient event(getType(),EVENT_ID_GRID_COMPLETED);

      if (client->isServerLeader())
      {
        CMessage msg;
        msg<<this->getId();
        for (auto& rank : client->getRanksServerLeader()) event.push(rank,1,msg);
        client->sendEvent(event);
      }
      else client->sendEvent(event);
   }
   CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

   //! Server side: Receive a message announcing that the grid definition has been received from a coupling context
   void CField::recvGridCompleted(CEventServer& event)
   TRY
   {
      CBufferIn* buffer=event.subEvents.begin()->buffer;
      string id;
      *buffer>>id ;
      get(id)->recvGridCompleted(*buffer);
   }
   CATCH

   //! Server side: Receive a message  message  announcing that the grid definition has been received from a coupling context
   void CField::recvGridCompleted(CBufferIn& buffer)
   TRY
   {
      setGridCompleted() ;
   }
   CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  bool CField::isGridCompleted(void)
  TRY
  { 
    bool isFullCompleted ;
    MPI_Allreduce(&isGridCompleted_,&isFullCompleted,1,MPI_C_BOOL, MPI_LAND, CContext::getCurrent()->getIntraComm() ) ;
    if ( (isGridCompleted_==false && isFullCompleted==true) ) ERROR("bool CField::isGridCompleted(void)",<< "incoherecy in MPI_AllReduce") ;
    return isFullCompleted ; 
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  void CField::sendAddAllVariables(CContextClient* client)
  TRY
  {
    std::vector<CVariable*> allVar = getAllVariables();
    std::vector<CVariable*>::const_iterator it = allVar.begin();
    std::vector<CVariable*>::const_iterator itE = allVar.end();

    for (; it != itE; ++it)
    {
      this->sendAddVariable((*it)->getId(), client);
      (*it)->sendAllAttributesToServer(client);
      (*it)->sendValue(client);
    }
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  /*!
   * Send all Attributes to server. This method is overloaded, since only grid_ref attribute
   * must be sent to server and not domain_ref/axis_ref/scalar_ref. 
   */
    
  void CField::sendAllAttributesToServer(CContextClient* client)
  TRY
  {
    if (grid_ref.isEmpty())
    {
      grid_ref=sentGrid_->getId() ;
      SuperClass::sendAllAttributesToServer(client) ;
      domain_ref.reset() ;
      axis_ref.reset() ;
      scalar_ref.reset() ;
      grid_ref.reset();
    }
    else 
    {
      string tmp = grid_ref;
      grid_ref = sentGrid_->getId() ;
      SuperClass::sendAllAttributesToServer(client) ;
      grid_ref = tmp ;
    }
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR
    
  void CField::sendAddVariable(const string& id, CContextClient* client)
  TRY
  {
    sendAddItem(id, (int)EVENT_ID_ADD_VARIABLE, client);
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  void CField::sendAddVariableGroup(const string& id, CContextClient* client)
  TRY
  {
    sendAddItem(id, (int)EVENT_ID_ADD_VARIABLE_GROUP, client);
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  void CField::recvAddVariable(CEventServer& event)
  TRY
  {
    CBufferIn* buffer = event.subEvents.begin()->buffer;
    string id;
    *buffer >> id;
    get(id)->recvAddVariable(*buffer);
  }
  CATCH

  void CField::recvAddVariable(CBufferIn& buffer)
  TRY
  {
    string id;
    buffer >> id;
    addVariable(id);
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  void CField::recvAddVariableGroup(CEventServer& event)
  TRY
  {
    CBufferIn* buffer = event.subEvents.begin()->buffer;
    string id;
    *buffer >> id;
    get(id)->recvAddVariableGroup(*buffer);
  }
  CATCH

  void CField::recvAddVariableGroup(CBufferIn& buffer)
  TRY
  {
    string id;
    buffer >> id;
    addVariableGroup(id);
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  /*!
   * Check on freq_off and freq_op attributes.
   */
  void CField::checkTimeAttributes(CDuration* freqOp)
  TRY
  {
    if (hasFileIn() && !(operation.getValue() == "instant" || operation.getValue() == "once") )     
      ERROR("void CField::checkTimeAttributes(void)",
         << "Unsupported operation for field '" << getFieldOutputName() << "'." << std::endl
         << "Currently only \"instant\" is supported for fields read from file.")

    if (freq_op.isEmpty())
    {
      if (operation.getValue() == "instant")
      {
        if (hasFileIn() || hasFileOut()) freq_op.setValue(getRelFile()->output_freq.getValue());
        else freq_op=*freqOp ;
      }
      else freq_op.setValue(TimeStep);
    }
    if (freq_offset.isEmpty()) freq_offset.setValue(hasFileIn() ? NoneDu : (freq_op.getValue() - TimeStep));
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  /*!
   * Returns string arithmetic expression associated to the field.
   * \return if content is defined return content string, otherwise, if "expr" attribute is defined, return expr string.
   */
  const string& CField::getExpression(void)
  TRY
  {
    if (!expr.isEmpty() && content.empty())
    {
      content = expr;
      expr.reset();
    }

    return content;
  }
  CATCH_DUMP_ATTR

  bool CField::hasExpression(void) const
  TRY
  {
    return (!expr.isEmpty() || !content.empty());
  }
  CATCH

  bool CField::hasGridMask(void) const
  TRY
  {
    return (this->grid_->hasMask());
  }
  CATCH

  DEFINE_REF_FUNC(Field,field)
} // namespace xios